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EC-Council 312-49 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Procedures and Methodology

- Understand Forensic Investigation Process

Forensic investigation process
Importance of the Forensic investigation process
Setting up a computer forensics lab
Building the investigation team
Understanding the hardware and software requirements of a forensic lab
Validating laboratory software and hardware
Ensuring quality assurance
First response basics
First response by non-forensics staff
First response by system/network administrators
First response by laboratory forensics staff
Documenting the electronic crime scene
Search and seizure
Evidence preservation
Data acquisition
Data analysis
Case analysis
Reporting
Testify as an expert witness
Generating Investigation Report
Mobile Forensics Process
Mobile Forensics Report Template
Sample Mobile Forensic Analysis Worksheet

- Understand the methodology to acquire data from different types of evidence

Data Acquisition Methodology
Step 1: Determine the Best Data Acquisition Method
Step 2: Select the Data Acquisition Tool
Step 3: Sanitize the Target Media
Step 4: Acquire Volatile Data
Acquire Data From a Hard Disk
Remote Data Acquisition
Step 5: Enable Write Protection on the Evidence Media
Step 6: Acquire Non-Volatile Data
Step 7: Plan for Contingency
Step 8: Validate Data Acquisition Using
Collecting Volatile Information
Collecting Non-Volatile Information
Collecting Volatile Database Data
Collecting Primary Data File and Active Transaction Logs Using SQLCMD
Collecting Primary Data File and Transaction Logs
Collecting Active Transaction Logs Using SQL Server Management Studio
Collecting Database Plan Cache
Collecting Windows Logs
Collecting SQL Server Trace Files
Collecting SQL Server Error Logs

- Illustrate Image/Evidence Examination and Event Correlation

Getting an Image Ready for Examination
Viewing an Image on a Windows, Linux and Mac Forensic Workstations
Windows Memory Analysis
Windows Registry Analysis
File System Analysis Using Autopsy
File System Analysis Using The Sleuth Kit (TSK)
Event Correlation
Types of Event Correlation
Prerequisites of Event Correlation
Event Correlation Approaches

- Explain Dark Web and Malware Forensics

Dark web forensics
Identifying TOR Browser Artifacts: Command Prompt
Identifying TOR Browser Artifacts: Windows Registry
Identifying TOR Browser Artifacts: Prefetch Files
Introduction to Malware Forensics
Why Analyze Malware?
Malware Analysis Challenges
Identifying and Extracting Malware
Prominence of Setting up a Controlled Malware Analysis Lab
Preparing Testbed for Malware Analysis
Supporting Tools for Malware Analysis
General Rules for Malware Analysis
Documentation Before Analysis
Types of Malware Analysis

17%

Forensic Science

- Understand different types of cybercrimes and list various forensic investigations challenges

Types of Computer Crimes
Impact of Cybercrimes at Organizational Level
Cyber Crime Investigation
Challenges Cyber Crimes Present for Investigators
Network Attacks
Indicators of Compromise (IOC)
Web Application Threats
Challenges in Web Application Forensics
Indications of a Web Attack
What is Anti-Forensics?
Anti-Forensics Techniques

- Understand the fundamentals of computer forensics and determine the roles and responsibilities of forensic investigators

Understanding Computer Forensics
Need for Computer Forensics
Why and When Do You Use Computer Forensics?
Forensic Readiness
Forensic Readiness and Business Continuity
Forensics Readiness Planning
Incident Response
Computer Forensics as part of Incident Response Plan
Overview of Incident Response Process Flow
Role of SOC in Computer Forensics
Need for Forensic Investigator
Roles and Responsibilities of Forensics Investigator
What makes a Good Computer Forensics Investigator?
Code of Ethics
Accessing Computer Forensics Resources
Other Factors That Influence Forensic Investigations
Introduction to Web Application Forensics
Introduction to Network Forensics
Postmortem and Real-Time Analys

- Understand data acquisition concepts and rules

Understanding Data Acquisition
Live Acquisition
Order of Volatility
Dead Acquisition
Rules of Thumb for Data Acquisition
Types of Data Acquisition
Determine the Data Acquisition Format

- Understand the fundamental concepts and working of databases, cloud computing, Emails, IOT, Malware (file and fileless), and dark web

Understanding Dark Web
TOR Relays
How TOR Browser works
TOR Bridge Node
Internal architecture of MySQL
Structure of data directory
Introduction to Cloud Computing
Types of Cloud Computing Services
Cloud Deployment Models
Cloud Computing Threats
Cloud Computing Attacks
Introduction to an email system
Components involved in email communication
How email communication works
Understanding parts of an email message
Introduction to Malware
Components of Malware
Common Techniques Attackers Use to Distribute Malware across Web
Introduction to Fileless Malware
Infection Chain of Fileless Malware
How Fileless Attack Works via Memory Exploits
How Fileless Attack Happens Via Websites
How Fileless Attack Happens Via Documents
What is IoT?
IoT Architecture
IoT Security Problems
OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities
IoT Threats
IoT Attack Surface Areas

18%

Digital Evidence

- Understand the fundamental characteristics and types of digital evidence

Introduction to Digital Evidence
Types of Digital Evidence
Characteristics of Digital Evidence
Role of Digital Evidence
Sources of Potential Evidence
Understanding Hard Disk
Understanding Solid State Drive (SSD)
RAID Storage System
NAS/SAN Storage
Disk Interfaces
Logical Structure of Disks

- Understand the fundamental concepts and working of desktop and mobile Operating Systems

What is the Booting Process?
Essential Windows System Files
Windows Boot Process: BIOS-MBR Method
Windows Boot Process: UEFI-GPT
Macintosh Boot Process
Linux Boot Process
Windows File Systems
Linux File Systems
Mac OS X File Systems
MAC Forensics Data
MAC Log Files
MAC Directories
CD-ROM / DVD File System
Virtual File System (VFS) and Universal Disk Format File System (UDF)
Architectural Layers of Mobile Device Environment
Android Architecture Stack
Android Boot Process
iOS Architecture
iOS Boot Process
Mobile Storage and Evidence Locations
Mobile Phone Evidence Analysis
Data Acquisition Methods
Components of Cellular Network
Different Cellular Networks
Cell Site Analysis: Analyzing Service Provider Data
CDR Contents
Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
Different types of network-based evidence

- Understand different types of logs and their importance in forensic investigations

Understanding Events
Types of Logon Events
Event Log File Format
Organization of Event Records
ELF_LOGFILE_HEADER structure
EventLogRecord Structure
Windows 10 Event Logs
Other Audit Events
Evaluating Account Management Events
Log files as evidence
Legal criteria for admissibility of logs as evidence
Guidelines to ensure log file credibility and usability
Ensure log file authenticity
Maintain log file integrity
Implement centralized log management
IIS Web Server Architecture
IIS Logs
Analyzing IIS Logs
Apache Web Server Architecture
Apache Web Server Logs
Apache Access Logs
Apache Error Logs

- Understand various encoding standards and analyze various file types

Character Encoding Standard: ASCII
Character Encoding Standard: UNICODE
OFFSET
Understanding Hex Editors
Understanding Hexadecimal Notation
Image File Analysis: JPEG
Image File Analysis: BMP
Understanding EXIF data
Hex View of Popular Image File Formats
PDF File Analysis
Word File Analysis
PowerPoint File Analysis
Excel File Analysis
Hex View of Other Popular File Formats

- Understand the fundamental working of WAF and MySQL Database

Web Application Firewall (WAF)
Benefits of WAF
Limitations of WAF
Data Storage in SQL Server
Database Evidence Repositories
MySQL Forensics
Viewing the Information Schema
MySQL Utility Programs for Forensic Analysis

17%

Exam Info

EC-Council 312-49 contains 150 questions and the time allotted for their completion is 4 hours. The questions are presented in the multiple-choice format and the applicants must achieve the passing score that ranges from 60% to 85%. The specific score depends on the exam form that a candidate takes. The topics that are covered in the test are enumerated as follows:

Regulations, Ethics, and Policies: 10%
This subject area focuses on one’s understanding of the rules & regulations associated with the search & seizure of evidence. It also focuses on your knowledge of various laws & legal concerns that affect forensic investigations.
Procedures & Methodology: 20%
Here, you need to demonstrate your understanding of the forensic investigation process and methodology to use in collecting data from various evidence types. This part also covers the skills in illustrating evidence/image examination & event correlation as well as competence in describing malware and dark web forensics.
Tools, Programs, and Systems: 16%
If you want to deal with this module of the exam successfully, you should demonstrate the capability to establish different tools for investigating operating systems, which include Mac, Linux, Windows, iOS, and Android. It also requires your competence in determining different tools required to investigate MySQL, AWS, MSSQL, Azure, IoT Devices, and emails.
Digital Forensics: 17%
This objective focuses on the examinees’ skills in reviewing different anti-forensic methods and ways to overcome them. It also focuses on their competence in analyzing different files associated with Linux, Android, and Windows devices as well as analyzing different logs and carrying out network forensics for investigating network attacks. The potential candidates should also be ready to demonstrate their skills in analyzing different logs and carrying out application forensics to evaluate diverse web-based attacks. It also requires their expertise in carrying out forensics on the dark web, Cloud, IoT devices, emails, and databases. They also need the competence to carry out dynamics and static malware analysis within the sandboxed environment. Besides that, these individuals need the skills in analyzing malware behavior on network and system levels as well as analyzing fileless malware.
Forensic Science: 15%
This section measures the candidates’ understanding of various kinds of cybercrimes. It also focuses on the ability to identify different forensic investigation concerns that are available. You should also demonstrate your understanding of the fundamentals of computer forensics and be able to establish the responsibilities and roles associated with the forensic investigators. This topic also covers the skills in understanding the rules and concepts of data acquisition as well as understanding of the fundamental concepts and the ways of working with Cloud computing, databases, malware, dark web, IoT, and emails.

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Preparation Process

First of all, it is important to mention that the candidates interested in this path must be conversant with the comprehensive exam content before taking the test. Therefore, they need to download the official blueprint from the vendor’s website and dedicate some time to going through each topic in detail. Besides that, there are several points that should be noted as well, and they are the following:

The official instructor-led training course is one of the prep resources that are highly recommended for exam preparation. It is offered on the official website and focuses on the skills that you need to perform exceptionally in the test and also deliver optimally in the real-world work environment. That is why it focuses on the latest computer forensics and processes of computer forensics investigation. The students will also be introduced to file systems and hard disks, operating system forensics, database forensics, malware forensics, Cloud forensics, investigating web attacks, and network forensics, among others. This course can be taken in different training options, depending on your preference. You can take it as iLearning, iWeek, or through its training partners.
It is recommended that you take note of difficult knowledge areas as you go through the topics. With a clear knowledge of the domains that will be measured in the exam, the next logical step is to choose your study materials. The great part is that you can explore many training resources to help you gain competence and skills in the sections of EC-Council 312-49.
The applicants are also advised to take the official assessments after completing the training course and also consider using some practice tests that are available across different reputable platforms online.

EC-COUNCIL Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator Sample Questions (Q204-Q209):

NEW QUESTION # 204
What type of equipment would a forensics investigator store in a StrongHold bag?

A. Wireless cards
B. PDAPDA?
C. Hard drives
D. Backup tapes

Answer: A

Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:

NEW QUESTION # 205
When setting up a wireless network with multiple access points, why is it important to set each access point on a different channel?

A. Avoid cross talk
B. Avoid over-saturation of wireless signals
C. Multiple access points can be set up on the same channel without any issues
D. So that the access points will work on different frequencies

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 206
What will the following command accomplish? dd if=/dev/xxx of=mbr.backup bs=512 count=1

A. Mount the master boot record on the first partition of the hard drive
B. Restore the master boot record
C. Back up the master boot record
D. Restore the first 512 bytes of the first partition of the hard drive

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 207
Richard is extracting volatile data from a system and uses the command doskey/history. What is he trying to extract?

A. Previously typed commands
B. Events history
C. History of the browser
D. Passwords used across the system

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 208
Which of the following techniques delete the files permanently?

A. Steganography
B. Trail obfuscation
C. Artifact Wiping
D. Data Hiding

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 209
......

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