ちなみに、Xhs1991 Introduction-to-Cryptographyの一部をクラウドストレージからダウンロードできます：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1wkUH9oAT1At_S4MqQPHOFC9pg7i84kzM
まだWGUのIntroduction-to-Cryptography認定試験に合格できるかどうかを悩んでいますか。Xhs1991を選びましょう。私たちは君のIT技能を増強させられますし、君の簡単にWGUのIntroduction-to-Cryptography認定試験に合格することができます。Xhs1991は長年の努力を通じて、WGUのIntroduction-to-Cryptography認定試験の合格率が１００パーセントになっていました。Xhs1991を選ぶなら、輝い未来を選ぶのに等しいです。
| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Asymmetric Cryptography | - Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange - Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) - Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) - RSA Algorithm |
| Topic 2: Cryptography Fundamentals | - Cryptographic Terminology - Symmetric vs Asymmetric Encryption - History and Evolution of Cryptography |
| Topic 3: Hashing and Digital Signatures | - Digital Signature Standards - Hash Functions (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) - Message Authentication Codes (MAC) |
| Topic 4: Applied Cryptography | - Cryptographic Best Practices - SSL/TLS Protocols - VPN Security - PGP and Email Encryption |
| Topic 5: Cryptanalysis and Attacks | - Brute Force and Dictionary Attacks - Common Attack Vectors - Social Engineering Prevention |
| Topic 6: Symmetric Cryptography | - Key Management - Stream Ciphers - Initialization Vectors (IV) - Block Ciphers (AES, DES, 3DES) |
>> Introduction-to-Cryptography試験問題解説集 <<
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質問 # 20
(What are the roles of keys when using digital signatures?)
正解：B
質問 # 21
(How does Electronic Codebook (ECB) mode encryption function?)
正解：C
解説：
ECB is the simplest block cipher mode: each plaintext block is encrypted independently using the same key and the block cipher primitive. There is no IV and no chaining, so identical plaintext blocks produce identical ciphertext blocks. This property leaks patterns and structure in the plaintext, which is why ECB is generally considered insecure for most real-world data beyond tiny, random-looking inputs. For example, images encrypted with ECB often reveal outlines because repeated pixel blocks map to repeated ciphertext blocks.
Option A describes CTR mode, option C describes CBC mode, and option B resembles feedback-based modes. ECB's independence also means it can be parallelized, but the pattern leakage is a severe weakness.
Modern practice prefers authenticated encryption modes (like GCM) or, at minimum, modes with IVs and chaining (like CBC with proper padding and MAC). Therefore, the correct statement is that ECB encrypts each block with the same key and each block is independent of the others.
質問 # 22
(Which type of encryption is Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) considered to be?)
正解：C
解説：
AES is a symmetric-key block cipher, meaning the same shared secret key is used for both encryption and decryption. It operates on fixed-size 128-bit blocks and supports key sizes of 128, 192, and 256 bits. Being symmetric, AES is efficient and well-suited for encrypting large volumes of data-files, disk encryption, VPN payloads, and bulk traffic in protocols like TLS once a session key is established. AES is not "hybrid" by itself; hybrid encryption refers to combining asymmetric cryptography (for key exchange or key wrapping) with symmetric cryptography (for bulk data encryption), and AES often plays the symmetric part of that hybrid design. It is not "quantum encryption," which is a separate, loosely used term sometimes referring to quantum key distribution or quantum-resistant algorithms. AES is also not asymmetric; it does not use public
/private key pairs. Therefore, AES is correctly classified as symmetric encryption, matching option D.
質問 # 23
(Which encryption algorithm encrypts with one key, decrypts with another key, and then encrypts with the first key?)
正解：A
解説：
3DES (Triple DES) commonly uses an Encrypt-Decrypt-Encrypt (EDE) sequence. In the two-key form, it encrypts with key K1, decrypts with key K2, then encrypts again with K1. In the three-key form, it encrypts with K1, decrypts with K2, then encrypts with K3. The EDE construction was chosen partly for backward compatibility: if K1=K2=K3, the scheme reduces to single DES, allowing older systems to interoperate in constrained ways. AES and IDEA do not use an EDE triple-stage process as their defining structure; they are single-pass block ciphers with internal rounds. DES is a single-pass algorithm (one key) rather than a triple application with multiple keys. Therefore, the algorithm described-encrypt with one key, decrypt with another, encrypt with the first-is 3DES. Although now considered legacy, it remains a classic example of increasing effective security by applying a block cipher multiple times with independent keys.
質問 # 24
(Which attack may take the longest amount of time to achieve success?)
正解：B
解説：
A brute-force attack exhaustively tries every possible key or password candidate until the correct one is found. Because it explores the full search space (or a very large portion of it), brute force is often the slowest method, especially when strong keys, long passwords, rate limits, and slow password hashing (bcrypt/Argon2) are used. By contrast, a dictionary attack reduces work by trying only common or likely passwords, often succeeding quickly against weak human-chosen secrets. Rainbow table attacks shift work into precomputation; once a table exists, lookup can be faster than brute-force-though salt and modern hashing defeat them. Birthday attacks are about finding collisions, not necessarily recovering a specific secret, and their expected work is about 2
BONUS！！！ Xhs1991 Introduction-to-Cryptographyダンプの一部を無料でダウンロード：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1wkUH9oAT1At_S4MqQPHOFC9pg7i84kzM