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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Preparing an ISO 14001 audit | 11.25% | - Assigning audit team responsibilities - Establishing audit objectives, scope, and criteria - Audit program and audit plan preparation - Document review and working documents |
| Managing an ISO 14001 audit program | 12.5% | - Performance indicators for evaluating an audit program - Establishing and maintaining an audit program - Audit program objectives and resource allocation - Monitoring and reviewing audit program performance |
| Fundamental principles and concepts of an environmental management system (EMS) | 11.25% | - Describe the certification process and the roles of involved parties - Discuss the advantages of an EMS based on ISO 14001 - Explain the use and applicability of ISO 14001 - Define management system, environmental management system, and integrated management system - Explain the relationship between ISO 14001 and other standards and regulatory frameworks |
| Conducting an ISO 14001 audit | 22.5% | - Audit evidence collection and verification techniques - Audit team meetings and analysis of findings - Opening meeting - Interviewing and communication during audit - Audit findings and nonconformity identification |
| Environmental management system (EMS) and ISO 14001 requirements | 13.75% | - Environmental aspects and impacts - Compliance obligations and planning actions - Environmental objectives and planning to achieve them - Support: resources, competence, awareness, communication, documented information - Monitoring, measurement, analysis, and evaluation - Operational planning and control - Internal audit and management review - Emergency preparedness and response - Context of the organization and interested parties - Continual improvement and nonconformity corrective action - Leadership and commitment, environmental policy |
| Fundamental audit concepts and principles | 15% | - Audit principles: integrity, fair presentation, due professional care, confidentiality, independence, evidence-based approach - Audit types and characteristics - ISO 19011 and ISO/IEC 17021-1 guidelines and requirements - Roles and responsibilities in audit activities |
| Closing an ISO 14001 audit | 13.75% | - Archival, maintenance, and protection of audit records - Audit completion and follow-up activities - Closing meeting - Audit report preparation and distribution |
>> ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor在線考題 <<
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問題 #23
A group of 22 Italian restaurants in downtown San Francisco (US) established an EMS following the requirements of ISO 14001. You are performing an internal audit before the fourth certification cycle. The audit plan included an audit of the General Manager (GM) as the last interview before the closing meeting.
During the interview with the GM, you audit clause 10.3 (Continual improvement). The dialogue is as follows.
You: Could you please tell me how did you improve the EMS to enhance environmental performance (Clause
10.3)?
GM: One way to improve the EMS is to improve one or several of its processes. We decided to improve the water-consuming processes in all our branches. We use water in many of our processes (e.g. to wash our kitchens, our cutlery, plates, and glasses, to keep our floors clean). The idea was to review these processes in detail to reduce the amount of water used per customer. Each of the 22 branches sent us their results, we analysed the data and found out that the average water consumption per customer was reduced by 13%; therefore, we improved our environmental performance. We are happy about that.
You: What about the results in each branch?
GM: Have a look at this table:
Analysing this table, what would be your decision related to raising nonconformities to clause 10.3? Select two.
答案：B,D
問題 #24
A key audit process is the way auditors gather information and determine the findings ' characteristics. Put the actions in the correct order to complete this process.
答案：
解題說明：
Explanation:
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This sequence is derived from ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for Auditing Management Systems, which is used in conjunction with ISO 14001:2015 by auditors. Specifically, the audit process steps during the " conducting the audit " phase include:
Determining the source of information (Clause 6.4.5): Includes documents, interviews, records, and observations.
Collecting data by sampling (Clause 6.4.6): Sampling helps in managing resources and gathering relevant evidence effectively.
Gathering audit evidence (Clause 3.8): Audit evidence is the data collected and verified to support findings.
Evaluating against audit criteria (Clause 3.9): Evidence must be evaluated against standards such as ISO
14001 requirements, internal policies, etc.
Developing audit findings (Clause 6.4.9): Conclusions regarding conformance, nonconformance, and opportunities for improvement.
Review of findings (Clause 6.4.10): Cross-verification and validation before finalizing results.
Audit conclusions (Clause 6.4.11): Final statements summarizing the audit based on findings.
This structured process ensures audits are performed impartially, with verifiable, evidence-based outcomes that contribute to continual improvement.
Reference:
ISO 19011:2018, Clauses 6.4.5 to 6.4.11
ISO 14001:2015, Clause 9.2 - Internal audit requirements
問題 #25
You are leading a recertification audit of XM, a manufacturer of cosmetics products. After the initial certification, XM moved to another site.
After the opening meeting, you are visiting the new site with the production manager (PM). The dialogue is as follows:
You: It seems that you are doing some work in the right-hand corner of the site.
PM: Yes, when we moved to this site, there was a very old, three-stories high building; it was almost empty, and we decided to demolish it and to build a new office for the administrative personnel. DEMO services are doing the job, which is almost over.
You: Do you know what the old building was used for?
PM: I was told that it was a warehouse for chemical storage, including a laboratory and toilets for the personnel. It had also a chimney, I do not know what for.
You: Did you consider it necessary to refer to some parts of the EMS for this work?
PM: No, we were busy moving all equipment and materials to the new site, we did not have time to care about something that was going to disappear.
Which four audit trail issues would you follow?
答案：C,E,F,G
解題說明：
According to ISO 14001:2015:
Clause 6.1.2 & 6.1.4 (Environmental aspects and planning actions): demolition impacts must be identified and controlled (C).
Clause 8.1 (Operational planning and control): control of outsourced processes (supervision and contract requirements) (B, E).
Clause 9.1.2 (Compliance obligations): regulatory approvals for demolition (H).
The subcontractor's internal policies (A, D, F, G) are generally not part of XM's EMS obligations.
Reference: ISO 14001:2015 Clauses 6.1.2, 6.1.4, 8.1, 9.1.2.
問題 #26
A management system meeting ISO 14001:2015 requirements is based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle.
Which two elements of the management system are part of the ' Check ' stage of the PDCA cycle?
答案：C,F
問題 #27
A small services organisation has been contracted to handle the disposal of waste for a local hospital. You are an auditor conducting a Stage 2 audit of the hospital to ISO 14001. You are reviewing the contract with the Service Manager (SM) of the small organisation. An addendum to the contract only requires that biological waste be disposed of in the most environmentally friendly way, without reference to any regulatory requirements.
You: How was the waste disposal plan for the contract developed?
SM: We have a basic template that covers the materials, labour requirements, and methods to be employed.
Some of that is specified by the hospital.
You: How does the plan deal with specific items like biological waste, which are included in the contract and can pose biological hazards to the environment?
SM: The basic plan covers general waste, but we have an addendum that covers biological waste.
You: Are you aware of the regulatory requirements for environmentally responsible waste disposal standards in hospitals?
SM: Yes, in general, but we depend on the hospital to look after that side of things. They are the experts.
You raise a nonconformity against section 8.1.c of ISO 14001.
At the Stage 2 closing meeting of the audit, the hospital ' s EMS Manager objects to the nonconformity raised and asks for it to be withdrawn. He insists that they meet all the regulations.
Which option the audit team leader should take in response to the request?
答案：C
解題說明：
In accordance with ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.4.9 (Conducting the closing meeting) and ISO/IEC 17021-1 Clause 9.4.7, any diverging opinions or disputes regarding audit findings between the audit team and the auditee must be addressed authoritatively by the audit team leader based on objective audit evidence.
Option A is correct because ISO 14001:2015 Clause 8.1(c) explicitly requires the organization to communicate its environmental requirements to external providers (including contractors). The evidence gathered during the interview demonstrated that the hospital failed to specify or communicate its applicable regulatory compliance requirements to the contracted waste handler in the contract or addendum. Merely insisting verbally at the closing meeting that regulations are met does not overturn the objective evidence showing a lack of operational control communication. The audit team leader must maintain the validity of the nonconformity.
Option B is incorrect because nonconformities are team decisions based on factual evidence, not subject to informal withdrawal without new verifiable evidence. Option C is incorrect because bargaining or downgrading valid nonconformities compromises audit integrity and impartiality. Option D is incorrect because the team leader must resolve audit finding discussions decisively during the closing meeting before finalizing the report.
References: ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.4.9 (Closing meeting), ISO 14001:2015 Clause 8.1 (Operational planning and control), and CQI-IRCA ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Curriculum (Closing Meeting Disputes and Finding Validation).
問題 #28
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