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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Incident Response and Recovery | - Incident handling lifecycle - Disaster recovery and business continuity |
| Topic 2: Network Defense Fundamentals | - Security policies and procedures - Network security principles and architectures |
| Topic 3: Data and Application Security | - Data protection mechanisms and encryption basics - Endpoint and application hardening |
| Topic 4: Network Security Monitoring | - Log analysis and SIEM fundamentals - Traffic monitoring and anomaly detection |
| Topic 5: Threats and Vulnerabilities | - Network reconnaissance and exploitation techniques - Malware and attack vectors |
| Topic 6: Network Security Controls | - Secure network devices configuration - Firewalls, IDS/IPS, and network access control |
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NEW QUESTION # 617
Which of the following is the practice of sending unwanted e-mail messages, frequently with commercial
content, in large quantities to an indiscriminate set of recipients? Each correct answer represents a complete
solution. Choose all that apply.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
E-mail spam, also known as unsolicited bulk email (UBE), junk mail, or unsolicited commercial email (UCE), is
the practice of sending unwanted e-mail messages, frequently with commercial content, in large quantities to
an indiscriminate set of recipients.
Answer option A is incorrect. Email spoofing is a fraudulent email activity in which the sender address and
other parts of the email header are altered to appear as though the email originated from a different source.
Email spoofing is a technique commonly used in spam and phishing emails to hide the origin of the email
message. By changing certain properties of the email, such as the From, Return-Path and Reply-To fields
(which can be found in the message header), ill-intentioned users can make the email appear to be from
someone other than the actual sender. The result is that, although the email appears to come from the address
indicated in the From field (found in the email headers), it actually comes from another source.
Answer option D is incorrect. Email jamming is the use of sensitive words in e-mails to jam the authorities that
listen in on them by providing a form of a red herring and an intentional annoyance. In this attack, an attacker
deliberately includes "sensitive" words and phrases in otherwise innocuous emails to ensure that these are
picked up by the monitoring systems. As a result, the senders of these emails will eventually be added to a
"harmless" list and their emails will be no longer intercepted, hence it will allow them to regain some privacy.
NEW QUESTION # 618
Which RAID level system provides very good data performance but does not offer fault tolerance and data redundancy?
Answer: B
Explanation:
RAID level 0, also known as striping, provides very good data performance because it spreads data across multiple disks, which can significantly increase speed for read and write operations.
However, it does not offer fault tolerance or data redundancy. If any single disk fails in a RAID 0 setup, all data in the array is lost, making it unsuitable for mission-critical systems.
NEW QUESTION # 619
Which of the following is an intrusion detection system that monitors and analyzes the internals of a computing system rather than the network packets on its external interfaces?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS) produces a false alarm because of the abnormal behavior of users and the network. A host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS) is an intrusion detection system that monitors and analyses the internals of a computing system rather than the network packets on its external interfaces. A host-based Intrusion Detection System (HIDS) monitors all or parts of the dynamic behavior and the state of a computer system. HIDS looks at the state of a system, its stored information, whether in RAM, in the file system, log files or elsewhere; and checks that the contents of these appear as expected. Answer option D is incorrect. A network intrusion detection system (NIDS) is an intrusion detection system that tries to detect malicious activity such as denial of service attacks, port scans or even attempts to crack into computers by monitoring network traffic. A NIDS reads all the incoming packets and tries to find suspicious patterns known as signatures or rules. It also tries to detect incoming shell codes in the same manner that an ordinary intrusion detection systems does. Answer option A is incorrect. IPS (Intrusion Prevention Systems), also known as Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS), are network security appliances that monitor network and/or system activities for malicious activity. The main functions of "intrusion prevention systems" are to identify malicious activity, log information about said activity, attempt to block/stop activity, and report activity. An IPS can take such actions as sending an alarm, dropping the malicious packets, resetting the connection and/or blocking the traffic from the offending IP address. An IPS can also correct CRC, unfragment packet streams, prevent TCP sequencing issues, and clean up unwanted transport and network layer options. Answer option C is incorrect. DMZ, or demilitarized zone, is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes an organization's external services to a larger untrusted network, usually the Internet. The term is normally referred to as a DMZ by IT professionals. It is sometimes referred to as a Perimeter Network. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of security to an organization's Local Area Network (LAN); an external attacker only has access to equipment in the DMZ rather than any other part of the network.
NEW QUESTION # 620
Fargo, head of network defense at Globadyne Tech, has discovered an undesirable process in several Linux systems, which causes machines to hang every 1 hour. Fargo would like to eliminate it; what command should he execute?
Answer: A
Explanation:
To eliminate an undesirable process that is causing Linux systems to hang, Fargo should use the command # kill -9 [PID]. This command sends the SIGKILL signal to the process with the specified PID (Process ID), which forcefully stops the process immediately. The kill -9 command is used when a process cannot be terminated using normal shutdown commands. It is important to note that this command should be used with caution, as it does not allow the process to perform any cleanup operations before shutting down.
Reference:
The use of the kill command is a common practice in Linux system administration for terminating unresponsive processes.
The Certified Network Defender (CND) training includes understanding and managing Linux processes as part of network defense strategies.
NEW QUESTION # 621
Which of the following biometric devices is used to take impressions of the friction ridges of the skin on the underside of the tip of the fingers?
Answer: C
Explanation:
A fingerprint reader is used to take impressions of the friction ridges of the skin on the underside of the tip of the fingers. Fingerprints help in identifying users and are unique and different to everyone and do not change over time. Even identical twins who share their DNA do not have the same fingerprints. Police and Government agencies have used these modes in order to identify humans for many years, but other agencies are starting to use biometric fingerprint readers for identification in many different applications. A fingerprint is created when the friction ridges of the skin come in contact with a surface that is receptive to a print by means of an agent to form the print like perspiration, oil, ink, grease, and many more. The agent is then transferred to the surface and leaves an impression which creates the fingerprint.
Answer option B is incorrect. An iris camera is used to perform recognition detection of a user's identity by mathematical analysis of the random patterns that are visible within the iris of an eye from some distance. It is used to combine computer vision, pattern recognition, statistical inference, and optics.
Answer option A is incorrect. A facial recognition device helps in viewing an image or video of a person and compares it to one that is in the database. It performs facial recognition by comparing the following: Structure, shape, and proportions of the face Distance between the eyes, nose, mouth, and jaw Upper outlines of the eye sockets The sides of the mouth Location of the nose and eyes The area surrounding the check bones. Answer option C is incorrect. A voice recognition voiceprint is a spectrogram, which is a graph that shows a sound's frequency on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis. Different speech sounds help in creating different shapes on the graph. Spectrograms also use color or shades of gray to represent the acoustical qualities of sound.
NEW QUESTION # 622
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