Introduction-to-Cryptography퍼펙트최신덤프공부자료시험준비에가장좋은예상문제모음

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WGU Introduction-to-Cryptography Exam Syllabus Topics:

>> Introduction-to-Cryptography퍼펙트 최신 덤프공부자료 <<

Introduction-to-Cryptography완벽한 시험덤프공부 & Introduction-to-Cryptography덤프데모문제

WGU Introduction-to-Cryptography인증시험은 현재IT업계에서 아주 인기 있는 시험입니다.많은 IT인사들이 관연 자격증을 취득하려고 노력하고 있습니다.WGU Introduction-to-Cryptography인증시험에 대한 열기는 식지 않습니다.WGU Introduction-to-Cryptography자격증은 여러분의 사회생활에 많은 도움이 될 것이며 연봉상승 등 생활보장에 업그레이드 될 것입니다.

최신 Courses and Certificates Introduction-to-Cryptography 무료샘플문제 (Q71-Q76):

질문 # 71
(Which default port must be allowed by firewalls for the key exchange of the IPsec handshaking process to be successful?)

• A. UDP 500
• B. TCP 500
• C. TCP 443
• D. UDP 443

정답：A

설명：
IPsec's initial key exchange is commonly performed using IKE (Internet Key Exchange), which negotiates Security Associations (SAs), authenticates peers, and establishes shared keys for ESP/AH protection. The traditional and default transport for IKEv1 and IKEv2 is UDP port 500. During negotiation, peers exchange proposals (crypto suites), perform Diffie-Hellman to derive key material, and authenticate using pre-shared keys, certificates, or EAP methods. If a firewall blocks UDP 500, the IKE negotiation cannot begin, preventing IPsec tunnels from forming. In many real deployments, NAT traversal is also used; in that case, traffic typically shifts to UDP 4500 (NAT-T) after detection of NAT, but UDP 500 is still required for the initial exchange and NAT detection in many configurations. TCP 500 is not standard for IKE. Port 443 is associated with HTTPS/TLS and some SSL VPNs, not IPsec IKE. Therefore, among the options provided, the firewall must allow UDP 500 for IPsec key exchange to succeed.

질문 # 72
(Which is a primary reason for ethical concerns about encryption?)

• A. It only benefits large corporations.
• B. It reduces data storage requirements.
• C. It provides faster data transmission.
• D. It complicates government access to potentially crucial information.

정답：D

설명：
Ethical concerns about encryption commonly arise from the tension between individual privacy/security and societal needs such as law enforcement, national security, and public safety. Strong end-to-end encryption can prevent unauthorized parties from accessing data, including criminals and foreign adversaries, but it can also limit legitimate government access to communications and evidence-even with warrants-because providers may not possess the keys needed to decrypt. This has fueled debates around "going dark," lawful access, and proposals for exceptional access mechanisms or backdoors. Critics argue that weakening encryption for access would create systemic risk, since any intentional vulnerability can be exploited by malicious actors, while proponents emphasize investigative needs in serious cases. Regardless of the stance, the primary ethical concern reflected in policy debates is that encryption complicates government access to information that may be crucial for preventing or investigating crime. The other options do not capture the main ethical controversy: encryption is widely beneficial beyond corporations, and it is not primarily about speed or storage reduction. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

질문 # 73
(What is a component of a one-time password (OTP) that is needed to guess future iterations of passwords?)

• A. Function
• B. Seed
• C. Initialization vector
• D. Encryption algorithm

정답：B

설명：
OTP systems (such as HOTP and TOTP) generate a sequence of passwords using a shared secret and a moving factor (counter or time). The critical secret that underpins the ability to compute past or future OTP values is the seed (also called the shared secret key). In HOTP, the seed is used with an HMAC function and an incrementing counter; in TOTP, the seed is used with HMAC and a time-step value. If an attacker obtains the seed and knows the algorithm and moving factor, they can compute future OTPs. The "function" and
"encryption algorithm" are typically standardized and public; security relies on keeping the seed secret. An initialization vector is not a standard OTP component in HOTP/TOTP generation. Therefore, the component needed to predict future OTP values is the seed. Protecting the seed is essential: it should be stored securely (e.
g., hardware token secure storage) and transmitted only through controlled provisioning processes. If compromised, OTP becomes predictable and no longer serves as a strong second factor.

질문 # 74
(How does Electronic Codebook (ECB) mode encryption function?)

• A. Uses an IV to encrypt the first block, then uses the result to encrypt the next block
• B. Encrypts each block with the same key, where each block is independent of the others
• C. Uses a self-synchronizing stream on the blocks, where the IV is encrypted and XORed with the data stream
• D. Converts from block to stream, then uses a counter value and a nonce to encrypt the data

정답：B

설명：
ECB is the simplest block cipher mode: each plaintext block is encrypted independently using the same key and the block cipher primitive. There is no IV and no chaining, so identical plaintext blocks produce identical ciphertext blocks. This property leaks patterns and structure in the plaintext, which is why ECB is generally considered insecure for most real-world data beyond tiny, random-looking inputs. For example, images encrypted with ECB often reveal outlines because repeated pixel blocks map to repeated ciphertext blocks. Option A describes CTR mode, option C describes CBC mode, and option B resembles feedback-based modes. ECB's independence also means it can be parallelized, but the pattern leakage is a severe weakness. Modern practice prefers authenticated encryption modes (like GCM) or, at minimum, modes with IVs and chaining (like CBC with proper padding and MAC).
Therefore, the correct statement is that ECB encrypts each block with the same key and each block is independent of the others.

질문 # 75
(What is the length (in bits) of a SHA-1 hash output?)

• A. 0
• B. 1
• C. 2
• D. 3

정답：D

설명：
SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) produces a fixed-size output of 160 bits (20 bytes). Hash output size matters in cryptography because it influences collision resistance and the effort required for various attacks. For an ideal n-bit hash, finding a collision by generic means is expected around 2

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