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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Professional Practice and Ethics | - Engineering Ethics - Legal and Regulatory Responsibilities |
| Transportation Engineering | - Roadway Design Basics - Traffic and Pavement Considerations |
| Surveying and CAD Applications | - Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Usage - Land Surveying Principles |
| Geotechnical Engineering | - Foundation Design Principles - Soil Mechanics |
| Civil Engineering Materials and Construction | - Construction Methods and Techniques - Concrete, Steel, and Asphalt Properties |
| Structural Engineering Basics | - Design Principles and Load Considerations - Structural Analysis Fundamentals |
| Engineering Fundamentals | - Engineering Principles - Mathematics and Applied Calculations |
| Hydraulics and Hydrology | - Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals - Drainage and Water Management Systems |
>> Civil-Engineering-Technology試験番号 <<
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質問 # 36
The road cross sections shown have chainage (CH) 1+100 and 1+200. What is the volume of sub-grade material if an averaging method is applied?
正解：D
解説：
The averaging method for earthworks between two stations is theAverage End Areamethod:
whereandare the end areas at the two cross sections andis the station spacing. Here, CH 1+100 to 1+200 givesm. From the cross-section labels in the figure, the two sub-grade areas sum to4.26 m²(e.g., approximately 1.31 m² and 2.95 m²), so the average area ism². Multiply by length:m³. This is the standard approach used for roadway cut/fill and subgrade volume computations between surveyed sections.
質問 # 37
What is the purpose of a spiral curve in highway design?
正解：D
解説：
Aspiral (transition) curveis used in horizontal alignment to provide a gradual change in curvature from a tangent (infinite radius) to a circular curve (constant radius). AASHTO explains that spiral transition curves simulate the natural turning path of a vehicle and allow lateral acceleration (and side friction demand) to increase/decrease gradually as drivers enter/exit the circular curve, improving comfort and reducing encroachment. AASHTO also notes that the transition curve length provides a suitable location to develop superelevation runoffsmoothly from normal crown to full superelevation. These functions are specifically about transitioning into (and out of) the circular curve, not slowing traffic or transitioning vertical alignment.
Therefore, the purpose of a spiral curve isto transition into a circular curvewhile providing a smooth geometric and superelevation transition for drivers.
質問 # 38
In an oil and gas project, the location of a pile is offset by 78 mm north and 54 mm east of the key location plan. The location was stamped and issued for construction by a consulting engineering company. The statement on the drawings says, "Offset more than 75 mm is not accepted." Which of the following is the best approach for the civil engineering technologist to take?
正解：A
解説：
When IFC drawings state a tolerance limit, exceeding it (78 mm > 75 mm) creates anonconformancethat must be dispositioned through the proper technical authority rather than accepted informally in the field. The appropriate response is todocument the deviationand escalate it through the project's formal communication
/decision chain so engineering can assess structural implications and provide written direction (accept as-is, redesign, relocate, mitigation). Labi outlines that when significant issues arise, effective professional practice includes maintaining records and communicating through the organization's chain of command as part of a formal resolution process. Lindeburg's ethics discussion also emphasizes notifying proper authorities when decisions may adversely affect public safety and welfare-supporting escalation rather than informal acceptance. Therefore, the best approach is to submit anon-conformance reportto thedesign engineerfor review and advice.
質問 # 39
Which of the following tests are required as part of soil grain size analysis?
正解：A
解説：
Soilgrain size analysisdetermines the particle-size distribution across coarse and fine fractions. Coarse particles (sand and gravel) are sized bysieve analysis, where the sample is passed through a stack of sieves and the mass retained on each sieve is measured to build the gradation curve. Fine particles (silt and clay) are too small for practical sieving and are therefore sized usingsedimentation methods, most commonly the hydrometer test, which infers particle sizes from settling velocity in a suspension. This combined approach (sieve for coarse, hydrometer for fines) is standard in civil geotechnical testing programs because it produces a continuous particle-size distribution needed for soil classification and engineering assessment. Atterberg limits (LL/PL) areconsistency/plasticitytests for fine-grained soils-not grain size tests-so they are not the required fine-fraction method for grain-size analysis. Therefore, the correct combination for grain size analysis issieve analysis for coarse grains and hydrometer test for fine grains.
質問 # 40
A geotechnical report indicates the presence of a peat layer in several boreholes. The peat layer ranges in thickness from 450 mm to 1200 mm and is found at a depth of 1.5 m below the existing grade. How should this be addressed in the project specifications that are being prepared?
正解：A
解説：
Peat is a highly organic soil withvery high compressibility, low shear strength, and problematic long-term settlement behavior. If peat is present within the stress influence zone of foundations or slabs (here, relatively shallow at ~1.5 m depth), typical construction practice is to treat it asunsuitable materialunless a designed ground-improvement solution is explicitly adopted. When the geotechnical investigation identifies such material in advance, the project specifications should convert that known condition into aclear scope requirementso pricing and execution are defined-commonly by requiringover-excavation/removal and replacement with suitable compacted fillin affected areas, subject to engineer direction and limits. USACE guidance for earthworks/foundations explicitly states thatsoft or organic spots in the foundation should be removed and replaced with compacted materialas part of foundation preparation.
Therefore, the most appropriate way to address the identified peat in the specifications is toinclude a clause requiring peat removal(and replacement per spec), which isOption C.
質問 # 41
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