L4M4試験の準備方法｜ハイパスレートのL4M4受験トレーリング試験｜権威のあるEthical and Responsible Sourcing資格認定

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CIPS L4M4 認定試験の出題範囲：

トピック	出題範囲
トピック 1	This section examines analyzing market data, obtaining quotations tenders, and assessing responses. The sub-topics focus on key processes for evaluating potential suppliers.
トピック 2	Understand options for sourcing requirements from suppliers: This section covers the sourcing process, approaches, options, and award criteria for obtaining requirements from suppliers. The sub-topics provide a foundation for strategic sourcing.
トピック 3	Understand the key processes that can be applied to the analysis of potential external suppliers:
トピック 4	Understand compliance issues when sourcing from suppliers: It explores legislative, regulatory, and organizational requirements for sourcing. It compares the use of audit and other mechanism of feedback.

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CIPS Ethical and Responsible Sourcing 認定 L4M4 試験問題 (Q239-Q244):

質問 # 239
Azram, a facilities category buyer for UK police, is sourcing uniforms internationally. Concerned about exchange rate risk, how can Azram remove this risk?

A. Request to use the exchange rate applicable at time of delivery
B. Carry out a competitive tender exercise process
C. Ask suppliers to quote in GBP Sterling
D. Evaluate international supplier's financial accounts

正解：C

解説：
Exchange rate fluctuations can significantly affect the cost of international contracts. The most direct way to eliminate this risk is to agree prices in the buyer's home currency (GBP Sterling). This passes the risk to the supplier, who must manage currency exposures through hedging or local arrangements. Using the exchange rate at delivery (C) retains exposure for the buyer, while financial analysis (A) and competitive tendering (B) don't address exchange risk. Responsible sourcing requires buyers to consider financial risk-sharing mechanisms as part of contract negotiations.
Reference: CIPS L4M4 Study Guide (v2), LO: "Application" - managing exchange rate risk in international sourcing.

質問 # 240
As a procurement officer for a large organisation, a supplier approaches you on social media offering to take you out for dinner to discuss a recent open opportunity and mentions a financial reward if you help them win the business. You accept the invite. Was this the right thing to do?

A. Yes, you are free to do what you like outside of business hours
B. Yes, you are keen to see what is on offer as you are only on minimum wage currently and need extra money
C. No, but you will go for the dinner and see what they offer, because it is up to you to decide if you should accept
D. No, it is not appropriate to discuss open opportunities with one provider and not another

正解：D

解説：
Accepting an invitation under such circumstances would violate ethical standards, as it could create a conflict of interest. Ethical sourcing and procurement practices require impartiality, and any perceived favoritism or bias can harm the organisation's integrity.

質問 # 241
What mechanism helps buying organisations achieve a best value outcome in a tender exercise?

A. Restricting the number of bidders
B. Providing a debrief
C. Advertising requirements
D. Timetabling the process

正解：B

解説：
Providing a debrief allows suppliers to understand the tender process and learn areas of improvement, promoting transparency. This practice supports responsible sourcing by fostering a fair, competitive environment and encouraging suppliers to improve their future offerings.

質問 # 242
A buyer of bakery and cereal products has tracked wheat prices. Severe weather has reduced wheat supply globally, but demand remains high. How can this research help the buyer?

A. The price for wheat-based produce will not be affected as demand is still high
B. The buyer will be in a strong bargaining position to reduce prices
C. The buyer will find it difficult to negotiate a lower price for wheat-based ingredients
D. Bakery produce is likely to be at a lower price as there is less wheat flour available

正解：C

解説：
Global shortages combined with steady or high demand create upward price pressure. This reduces the buyer' s bargaining power, making it difficult to negotiate lower prices. Instead, suppliers are justified in raising prices to reflect scarcity. Options A and C are contradictory to economic principles, while B ignores the impact of shortages on pricing. Responsible sourcing requires buyers to anticipate such conditions using market intelligence and mitigate risks through forward contracts, alternative sourcing, or hedging strategies, rather than relying on negotiation leverage during shortages.
Reference: CIPS L4M4 Study Guide (v2), LO: "Implications" - commodity volatility and negotiation power.

質問 # 243
A buyer might opt to do an 'Invitation to Tender' rather than a 'Request for Quotation' process because ...

A. The contract will be low value and there are many suppliers, so a simpler approach is required
B. The nature of the goods or services being purchased is complex and high value
C. The supplier market is an oligopoly where there are a few large suppliers dominating the market
D. Time is of the essence, and decisions need to be made quickly without additional stakeholder involvement

正解：B

解説：
An Invitation to Tender (ITT) is typically used for complex, high-value procurements where the quality and specific features of the goods or services are of paramount importance. This approach ensures that ethical and responsible sourcing criteria are met, aligning with best practices in procuring specialised goods or services.

質問 # 244
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