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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Process Design and Analysis | 20% | - Process Types
|
| Quality Management Methods | 25% | - Quality Tools and Techniques
|
| Forecasting and Project Management | 20% | - Demand Forecasting
|
| Capacity Planning and Facility Layout | 15% | - Layout Design
|
| Supply Chain and Inventory Management | 20% | - Supply Chain Design
|
>> Operations-Management최신덤프자료 <<
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질문 # 21
The annual cost of goods sold for a company is $8,400,000 and the average inventory is $1,200,000.
What is the number of weeks of supply?
정답：B
설명：
Weeks of supplymeasures how long inventory will last based on average usage. It is calculated using the formula:
Weeks of Supply = (Average Inventory / Annual Cost of Goods Sold) × 52
Substituting the given values:
Weeks of Supply = (1,200,000 / 8,400,000) × 52
Weeks of Supply = 0.142857 × 52
Weeks of Supply #7.43 weeks
When rounded to the nearest whole number, the answer is7 weeks.
In Operations and Supply Chain Management, weeks of supply is a key inventory performance metric because it:
* Indicates inventory efficiency
* Helps balance service levels and holding costs
* Supports cash flow management
* Enables comparison across products or firms
Too many weeks of supply signal excess inventory and high holding costs, while too few weeks increase the risk of stockouts and service failures.
Managers use this metric alongside inventory turnover to evaluate how effectively inventory supports demand while minimizing waste.
질문 # 22
Which group of keywords or phrases describes the critical role that marketing plays in the total quality management (TQM) process?
정답：C
설명：
In Total Quality Management (TQM),marketing plays a critical boundary-spanning rolebetween customers and internal operations. The correct set of keywords-enhance competition; understand consumer preferences; maintain communication with operations-captures this role precisely.
From an Operations Management perspective, marketing is responsible foridentifying customer needs, expectations, and perceptions of quality. These insights become essential inputs for product design, process planning, and continuous improvement initiatives. Without accurate market information, operations risk producing outputs that meet specifications but fail to satisfy customers.
Marketing also enhances competitiveness by:
* Monitoring competitor offerings and quality levels
* Translating customer requirements into measurable quality attributes
* Supporting differentiation strategies based on quality, reliability, and service Equally important isongoing communication with operations. TQM emphasizes cross-functional integration, and marketing ensures that quality is defined externally (by customers) rather than internally (by engineers or managers alone). Feedback from customers-complaints, satisfaction surveys, returns, and warranty data-feeds directly into operational improvement cycles.
The other options fail to capture marketing's core function:
* Budgeting and preventive costs are managerial/financial roles
* Product change reviews are primarily engineering activities
* Employee rewards fall under human resources
Thus, marketing's TQM role is strategic, integrative, and customer-focused, ensuring that quality efforts align with market expectations and competitive realities.
질문 # 23
What helps an organization identify and plan the actions necessary to meet current and future customer demands?
정답：C
설명：
Capacity planningis the process that helps organizations identify and plan the actions required to meet current and future customer demand.
In Operations Management, capacity planning ensures that an organization has theright amount of resources at the right time. These resources may include labor, equipment, facilities, and technology.
Capacity planning involves:
* Forecasting demand
* Evaluating existing capacity
* Identifying capacity gaps
* Selecting capacity adjustment strategies (e.g., overtime, subcontracting, expansion) Without capacity planning, organizations risk:
* Excess capacity and high costs
* Insufficient capacity and lost sales
* Poor service levels and customer dissatisfaction
Production capacity alone is static, while capacity planning isdynamic and forward-looking. Economic conditions influence demand but do not provide actionable operational plans.
Capacity planning aligns operations strategy with business strategy and supports sustainable growth.
질문 # 24
Which element is part of a financial plan?
정답：B
설명：
Budget projectionsare a core element of a financial plan.
A financial plan outlines how resources will be allocated to support organizational objectives. Budget projections include:
* Revenue forecasts
* Cost estimates
* Capital expenditure plans
* Cash flow projections
Operations Management relies on financial plans to ensure that capacity decisions, inventory levels, and workforce plans are economically feasible.
The other options belong to different planning domains:
* SWOT analysis is part of strategic planning
* Product pricing is part of marketing strategy
* Compensation planning is part of human resources
Budget projections provide the financial constraints and targets within which operations must function.
질문 # 25
A company manufactures shoes using a quality management system. The company needs to put a process in place to measure any defects. The company would like to measure the number of defects and observe the number of occurrences to isolate the particular defect. Which quality tool should the company use to focus on correcting this particular issue?
정답：A
설명：
Achecklistis the most appropriate quality tool when the objective is tocount defects and track their frequency of occurrence.
Checklists are simple yet powerful tools used tocollect structured data consistently. In this scenario, the shoe manufacturer wants to identify which defects occur most frequently (e.g., stitching errors, sole defects, size mismatches). A checklist allows inspectors to mark each occurrence systematically, enabling later analysis.
Why not the others?
* Scatter diagramsanalyze relationships between variables.
* Control chartsmonitor process stability over time.
* Flowchartsdocument process steps.
In Operations Management, checklists are often thefirst stepin defect analysis. Once data is gathered using a checklist, other tools like Pareto charts or control charts can be applied for deeper analysis.
Checklists support continuous improvement by:
* Ensuring consistency in inspections
* Reducing human error
* Providing factual data for decision-making
* Enabling root-cause analysis
They are especially useful in early-stage quality investigations where the goal isvisibility, not yet process control. By identifying dominant defects, organizations can prioritize corrective actions efficiently.
질문 # 26
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