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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Asset Operation, Maintenance and Performance | 25% | - Asset reliability, availability and risk management - Inventory and spare parts management - Asset utilization and performance monitoring - Maintenance strategies: preventive, corrective, predictive - Compliance, health, safety and environmental requirements |
| Asset Disposal and End-of-Life Management | 15% | - Disposal options: sell, reuse, recycle, donate, scrap - Data management and asset record keeping - Asset valuation and residual value calculation - Environmental and legal obligations in disposal |
| Sustainability, Ethics and Governance in Asset Management | 15% | - Governance, standards and regulatory frameworks - Ethical and responsible sourcing of assets - Sustainable asset management and ESG principles - Circular economy and asset lifecycle sustainability |
| Asset Planning and Acquisition | 25% | - Options appraisal: buy, lease, rent, outsource, in-house - Procurement processes for capital assets - Contract types and supplier selection for assets - Whole life costing and total cost of ownership - Asset requirements definition and specification |
| Principles of Whole Life Asset Management | 20% | - Role and contribution of procurement in asset management - Asset lifecycle stages: planning, acquisition, operation, maintenance, disposal - Value creation and whole life value concepts - Definition, scope and importance of asset management |
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질문 # 174
MRP software is a powerful tool for managing material requirements of manufacturing processes. To keep the software function well, an organisation must have appropriate input data. Which of the following are the inputs of MRP software? Select THREE that apply.
정답：B,D,E
설명：
A powerful benefit of MRP system is the capacity to produce exception reports, which show deviations from normal planning and performance. These enable anomalies to be investigated with a view to improve future forecasting.
Material requirement planning is an electronic system for combining the following:
- Known demand
- Forecast demand. Known demand and forecasted demand are shown in master production schedule.
- Bill of materials for the final product
- Inventory records
Reference: CIPS study guide page 116-119
LO 2, AC 2.3
질문 # 175
Which of the following is often created by each business and commonly used for the purpose of inventory management?
정답：D
설명：
Organisations often create their own stock keeping unit (SKU) numbering system, which may or may not have a meaningful structure. Stock keeping unit is a number that is assigned to a product for the purpose of inventory management and is of tracking. In other words, a stock keeping unit is a unique identifier assigned to each product for easier and more efficient record keeping.
An FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) product code describes a specific product and contains a combination of five to seven numbers and letters. The product code submitted with each FDA line item should match the actual product name and/or invoice description of the product.
The International Standard Book Number is a numeric commercial book identifier which is in-tended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.
The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, also known as the Harmonized System (HS) of tariff nomenclature is an internationally standardized system of names and numbers to classify traded products.
Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.2
질문 # 176
Among different types of costs associated with inventory, the opportunity cost of the investment tied up in inventory belongs to which of the following?
정답：C
설명：
Direct and indirect costs of holding inventory include the following:
- Acquisition costs
- Holding costs: There are 2 different types of holding costs: costs related to the value of the goods (including opportunity costs, costs of insurance, losses due to product deterioration, etc) and costs related to the physical characteristics of this inventory.
- Costs of stockouts
질문 # 177
Which of the following best describes available inventory (also known as inventory position)?
정답：C
설명：
Available inventory (or Inventory position - IP) is equal to inventory on-hand plus quantity on order minus backorder (if any)
질문 # 178
Which of the following are most likely to be the purposes of packing and packaging?
1. To bring the product cost down
2. To protect the product
3. To improve the product recognition
4. To test the product durability
정답：B
설명：
It would be really convenient if we could just hand our products directly to the customers, but that's not possible. Packaging needs to be done for several reasons. Here are some of the most prominent ones:
1. Safety: Packaging is used to keep your product safe from external factors. It also prevents human tampering. If you want to sell fruit juice, you just can't hand it over to customers. It should be packaged in something, like a stand up pouch.
2. Brand visibility: You provide the best product in your category and you want your customers to remember that. How else will you do that without using the right kind of creative food packaging?
3. Bundling it together: If you want to sell an ounce of something, you need to create a packet so that the right amount is bundled together.
4. Theft prevention: If you sell your product loose, there are chances that the retailer doesn't give the right amount to the customer and saves some part for himself. There are other cases too where theft can be done in the absence of packaging.
Apart from these four, there are many other reasons why you should package your products.
질문 # 179
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