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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Functions and Modularity | - Modules and imports - Function definition and scope |
| Python Programming Fundamentals | - Operators and expressions - Variables and data types - Syntax and basic structure |
| File Handling and Exceptions | - Exception handling (try/except) - Reading and writing files |
| Control Flow | - Loops (for, while) - Conditional statements (if / elif / else) |
| Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming | - Basic OOP concepts - Classes and objects |
| Data Structures | - Lists, tuples, dictionaries - Basic data manipulation |
| Debugging and Testing Basics | - Basic testing concepts - Error identification and correction |
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NEW QUESTION # 61
A dictionary prices = { ' apple ' : 1.50, ' banana ' : 0.75, ' orange ' : 2.00} needs to have all values increased by
0.25. Which code correctly accomplishes this task?
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Python, iterating directly over a dictionary gives itskeys. In this dictionary, the keys are:
' apple '
' banana '
' orange '
To update each price, the program can loop through each key and use that key to access and change the corresponding value.
Correct code:
prices = { ' apple ' : 1.50, ' banana ' : 0.75, ' orange ' : 2.00}
for item in prices:
prices[item] = prices[ item] + 0.25
print(prices)
Output:
{ ' apple ' : 1.75, ' banana ' : 1.0, ' orange ' : 2.25}
Option B is incorrect because value actually receives each dictionary key, not each dictionary value. Also, assigning to value would not update the dictionary.
Option C is incorrect because item is not defined, and the loop structure is invalid for this task.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Which type of loop is designed for iterating a specific number of times?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A for loop is commonly used when a program needs to repeat code for each item in a sequence or for a specific number of times using range().
Example:
for number in range(5):
print(number)
This loop runs 5 times. Python's documentation explains that the for statement iterates over items of a sequence or iterable.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. for loop.
NEW QUESTION # 63
Complete the function get_second_item(items) that takes a list and returns the second item. Assume the input is always a list containing at least two elements.
For example, get_second_item([10, 20, 30]) should return 20.
def get_second_item(items):
# TODO: Return the second item from the list
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: Python list indexing starts at 0.
Step 2: The first item is at index 0.
Step 3: The second item is at index 1.
Step 4: Return the value at index 1.
Correct code:
def get_second_item(items):
return items[1]
Example:
print(get_second_item([10, 20, 30]))
Output:
20
NEW QUESTION # 64
Write a complete function word_count(text) that counts and returns the number of words in the given text.
Words are separated by spaces.
For example, word_count( " Hello world Python " ) should return 3.
def word_count(text):
# TODO: Count and return the number of words in text
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function receives one string parameter named text.
Step 2: Since words are separated by spaces, use the .split() method to split the string into a list of words.
Step 3: Use len() to count how many items are in the list.
Step 4: Return that count.
Correct code:
def word_count(text):
return len(text.split())
Example:
print(word_count( " Hello world Python " ))
Output:
3
NEW QUESTION # 65
Fix the off-by-one error in this function that should return the first 3 characters of a string.
def first_three(text):
return text[0:2]
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: Python string slicing uses this format:
text[start:stop]
Step 2: The start index is included.
Step 3: The stop index is excluded.
Step 4: To return the first 3 characters, start at index 0 and stop at index 3.
Correct code:
def first_three(text):
return text[0:3]
Simplified correct code:
def first_three(text):
return text[:3]
Example:
print(first_three( " Python " ))
Output:
Pyt
NEW QUESTION # 66
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