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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Topic 2: Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Topic 3: Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Topic 4: Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Topic 5: Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
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NEW QUESTION # 118
身為資訊安全管理系統審核小組組長，您正在代表一家線上零售商對一家國際物流公司進行第二方審核。在審核期間，您的一名團隊成員報告了與 ISO/IEC 27001 附錄 A 的控制 5.18（存取權限）相關的不合格項：
2022 年。 她發現證據表明，刪除過去 3 個月內離開的 20 名人員的伺服器存取協定需要長達 1 週的時間，而政策要求在他們離開後 24 小時內刪除存取權限。
當被審核方被問及為何延遲刪除訪問權限時，他們回答說，“由於 COVID-19 的影響，IT 部門在此期間沒有人可用。”一旦 IT 官員出現，這些權利就被取消。
您注意到她打算針對存取權限控制 (5.18) 提出輕微不符合項。對此你該如何回應？
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 119
您正在作為審核組組長進行您的第一次第三方 ISMS 監督審核。您目前與審核團隊的另一位成員一起在被審核方的資料中心。
您的同事似乎不確定資訊安全事件和資訊安全事件之間的差異。您嘗試透過提供範例來解釋差異。
下列哪三種場景可以定義為資訊安全事件？
Answer: A,B,G
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27000:2018, which provides an overview and vocabulary of information security management systems, an information security event is an identified occurrence of a system, service or network state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, or a previously unknown situation that may be security relevant1. An information security incident is a single or a series of unwanted or unexpected information security events that have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security1. Therefore, based on this definition, three examples of information security incidents are:
A contractor who has not been paid deletes top management ICT accounts: This is an example of an unwanted or unexpected information security event that has a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, as it may result in loss of access, data, or functionality for the top management.
An unhappy employee changes payroll records without permission: This is an example of an unwanted or unexpected information security event that has a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, as it may result in financial fraud, legal liability, or reputational damage for the organization.
The organisation's marketing data is copied by hackers and sold to a competitor: This is an example of an unwanted or unexpected information security event that has a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, as it may result in loss of confidentiality, competitive advantage, or customer trust for the organization.
The other options are not examples of information security incidents, but rather information security events that may or may not lead to incidents depending on their impact and severity. For example:
The organisation's malware protection software prevents a virus: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a system state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, as it is prevented by the malware protection software.
A hard drive is used after its recommended replacement date: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a system state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, unless it fails or causes other problems.
The organisation receives a phishing email: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a network state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, unless it is opened or responded to by the recipient.
An employee fails to clear their desk at the end of their shift: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a service state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, unless the desk contains sensitive or confidential information that is accessed by unauthorized persons.
The organisation fails a third-party penetration test: This is an example of an identified occurrence of a system state indicating a possible breach of information security policy or failure of safeguards, but it does not have a significant probability of compromising business operations and threatening information security, unless the penetration test reveals serious vulnerabilities that are exploited by malicious actors.
NEW QUESTION # 120
選出最能完成句子的單字：
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 121
您是認證機構指派的 ISMS 審核小組組長，負責對資料中心客戶進行後續審核。
根據 ISO 19011:2018，後續審核的目的是要驗證下列哪一項？
Answer: C
Explanation:
The purpose of a follow-up audit is to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrective actions taken by the auditee in response to the nonconformities identified in a previous audit1. A follow-up audit is a type of audit that is conducted after an initial audit, and it focuses on the specific areas where nonconformities were found and corrective actions were agreed upon2. A follow-up audit can be conducted as a separate audit or as part of a scheduled audit, depending on the nature and severity of the nonconformities and the audit programme objectives3.
The other options are not the purpose of a follow-up audit, but rather the purpose of other types of audits. For example:
*Option A is the purpose of a performance audit, which is a type of audit that evaluates the effectiveness of the management system in achieving its intended results4.
*Option B is the purpose of a compliance audit, which is a type of audit that verifies the conformity of the management system with the specified requirements, such as the ISMS objectives5.
*Option C is the purpose of a process audit, which is a type of audit that examines the inputs, activities, outputs, and interactions of a specific process within the management system, such as the risk treatment process.
References: 1: ISO 19011:2018, 6.7; 2: ISO 19011:2018, 3.7; 3: ISO 19011:2018, 5.5.2; 4: ISO 19011:2018,
3.6; 5: ISO 19011:2018, 3.5; : ISO 19011:2018, 3.4; : ISO 19011:2018; : ISO 19011:2018; : ISO 19011:2018;
: ISO 19011:2018; : ISO 19011:2018; : [ISO 19011:2018]
NEW QUESTION # 122
問題
在定義下列哪一項時，會評估與不合格相關的成本或因未遵守法律和合約義務而產生的罰款等因素？
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct answer is Materiality, because materiality involves evaluating the significance and potential impact of issues identified during an audit, including financial, legal, contractual, and reputational consequences. In auditing, materiality helps determine which matters are important enough to influence audit conclusions or stakeholder decisions.
When defining materiality, auditors consider factors such as the cost of nonconformities, potential regulatory penalties, contractual breaches, and the broader business impact of noncompliance. For an ISO/IEC 27001 audit, this may include assessing whether failures in information security controls could lead to fines under data protection laws, loss of customer trust, or breach of service-level agreements. These considerations help auditors decide where to focus audit effort and how to prioritize findings.
Option B is incorrect because audit risk relates to the risk that auditors may reach incorrect conclusions due to inherent, control, or detection risks. While costs and penalties may influence risk assessment, they are not evaluated specifically when defining audit risk. Option C is incorrect because reasonable assurance refers to the level of confidence an audit can provide, not the evaluation of financial or legal impacts.
ISO 19011 supports the use of materiality concepts to ensure audits focus on issues that matter most to the organization and interested parties. Therefore, evaluating costs and penalties is directly linked to defining materiality.
NEW QUESTION # 123
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