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NEW QUESTION # 45
A developer company recently made a contract with new customer in the financial space. The customer has multiple remote sites and requires a VPN solution with the highest encryption.
Which protocol must be used in IPsec Phase 2?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In IPsec Phase 2, the Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) protocol is used to provide confidentiality, integrity, and authentication for VPN traffic. ESP ensures the highest encryption and protection for sensitive financial data across remote sites.
NEW QUESTION # 46
Refer to the exhibit.
A retail company recently deployed a file inspection feature using secure endpoint. The file inspection must detect and prevent the execution of malicious files on machines. During testing, logs showed that certain malicious files are still being executed despite the presence of the security measure. To understand why the threats are not being blocked, it is essential to investigate the configuration of secure endpoint policies. Which configuration is allowing the files to execute?
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the provided exhibit of theCisco Secure Endpoint (formerly AMP for Endpoints)console, the "Activity Details" pane on the right side provides the specific reason why the malicious file was allowed to execute.
The log clearly states:"The file was not quarantined. In audit only mode."This indicates that while the system correctly identified the file (iodnxvg.exe) as malicious and categorized it with a threat name (W32.
DFC.MalParent), it took no preventative action because of the policy configuration.
In Cisco Secure Endpoint, policies can be set to different modes.Audit Modeis typically used during the initial deployment or testing phase to gain visibility into what would be blocked without actually disrupting business operations. In this mode, the connector logs events and alerts administrators but does not move the file to a secure quarantine area. To fulfill the requirement ofpreventingthe execution of malicious files, the security designer must change the policy from "Audit" to a protective mode, such asProtectorQuarantine.
This ensures that the engine actively intervenes when a threat signature or suspicious behavior is detected.
While the file is confirmed as malicious (negating Option A) and the system is clearly active and logging (negating Option C), the lack of enforcement is a direct result of the specific operational mode selected.
Option B is incorrect because, although network blocking is a feature, the primary failure here is at the file execution/quarantine layer. This scenario emphasizes the importance of moving from a visibility-centric posture to an enforcement-centric posture in a mature secure infrastructure design.
NEW QUESTION # 47
After a recent security breach, a financial company is reassessing their overall security posture and strategy to better protect sensitive data and resources. The company already deployed on-premises next-generation firewalls at the network edge for each branch location. Security measures must be enhanced at the endpoint level. The goal is to implement a solution that provides additional traffic filtering directly on endpoint devices, thereby offering another layer of defense against potential threats. Which technology must be implemented to meet the requirement?
Answer: C
Explanation:
When moving security closer to the data, the endpoint becomes the final perimeter. Ahost-based firewallis a software component that runs directly on the endpoint's operating system (Windows, macOS, or Linux).
While the company already has Next-Generation Firewalls (NGFWs) at the network edge, those devices cannot protect endpoints from threats originating within the same local network segment (East-West traffic) or when the device is used outside the corporate office.
Implementing a host-based firewall provides a critical layer ofdefense-in-depth. It allows security administrators to enforce strict inbound and outbound traffic rules based on applications and services specific to that device. For example, it can prevent a compromised laptop from scanning other devices on a public Wi- Fi network. In the Cisco ecosystem, this is often achieved through theCisco Secure Client(AnyConnect) using theNetwork Visibility Module (NVM)or integrated endpoint security suites.
While aDistributed Firewall(Option C) is used for micro-segmentation within data centers/clouds and aWeb Application Firewall (WAF)(Option B) protects servers from web-based attacks, only a host-based firewall meets the requirement for traffic filtering directly on the diverse array of endpoint devices. This approach ensures that even if the network edge is bypassed, the individual host remains hardened against lateral movement and unauthorized communication.
NEW QUESTION # 48
A company published software that had a security vulnerability, and an attacker used the vulnerability to steal critical information from the environment. The issue was reported by the security team, and the administrator was instructed to run shift-left security tests before publishing the software. Which component of the software development pipeline must be recommended to run the tests?
Answer: B
Explanation:
In the context of theCisco SDSI v1.0blueprint, "shifting left" refers to the practice of integrating security testing as early as possible in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The most effective component of the pipeline for running these early tests isSource Code Management (SCM). By integrating security tools directly into the SCM system (such as GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket), developers can identify vulnerabilities while the code is still being written or during the initial commit phase.
Techniques such as Static Application Security Testing (SAST) and secret scanning are typically triggered at the SCM level through pull requests or commit hooks. This allows the security team to identify flawed logic or hardcoded credentials before the code is ever compiled or moved to the build stage. WhileContinuous Deployment(Option A) handles the final release of the software, it is too late in the pipeline for a "shift-left" approach to be most effective.Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) analysis(Option C) is a specific task focused on dependency management, andCloud Security Posture Management (CSPM)(Option B) focuses on the runtime environment rather than the application code itself. Utilizing SCM as the primary checkpoint ensures that security becomes a foundational part of the development process, reducing the risk of vulnerable software reaching production environments.
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NEW QUESTION # 49
Network administrators at a medical facility cannot log in to network devices because of excessive resource consumption and high CPU utilization. The situation has led to delays in routine maintenance and troubleshooting, which affects overall network performance. An engineer must optimize the handling of traffic to reduce the impact and maintain consistent access and operational efficiency. Which approach must be implemented to meet the requirement?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The scenario described-where high CPU utilization prevents administrators from accessing device management interfaces-is a classic indication that the device'sControl Planeis being overwhelmed by malicious or malformed traffic (such as a DoS attack or a routing loop). To protect the "brains" of the network device,Control Plane Policing (CoPP)must be implemented.
CoPP allows an engineer to define filter and rate-limit policies specifically for traffic destined for the CPU.
By categorizing traffic into different classes (e.g., routing protocols, management traffic like SSH, and "catch- all" untrusted traffic), CoPP ensures that critical management and control traffic is prioritized while excessive or suspicious traffic is dropped before it can impact the device's performance. This maintainsoperational efficiencyeven during a traffic spike or attack. WhileAAA(Option B) handles authentication andRBAC (Option D) manages permissions once a user is logged in, neither can prevent the CPU exhaustion that blocks the login attempt in the first place.SNMP(Option C) is used for monitoring but does not provide active traffic policing. Within the Cisco SDSI framework, CoPP is a fundamental "Self-Defending Network" feature required to ensure the availability and resilience of the core infrastructure.
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NEW QUESTION # 50
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