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ISC CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional) exam is one of the most highly regarded certifications in the field of cybersecurity. CISSP exam is designed to test the knowledge and skills of professionals who are responsible for designing, implementing, and managing information security programs in their organizations. The CISSP Certification is recognized globally and is highly valued by employers, making it a highly sought-after certification among cybersecurity professionals.
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The duration of the ISC CISSP Certification Exam is a minimum of three hours.
NEW QUESTION # 113
Which of the following is strategy of grouping requirements in developing a security Test and Evaluation (ST&E)?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 114
In Mandatory Access Control, sensitivity labels attached to objects contain what information?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Mandatory Access Control begins with security labels assigned to all resource objects on the system.
These security labels contain two pieces of information - a classification (top secret, confidential etc.) and a category (which is essentially an indication of the management level, department or project to which the object is available).
Similarly, each user account on the system also has classification and category properties from the same set of properties applied to the resource objects. When a user attempts to access a resource under Mandatory Access Control the operating system checks the user's classification and categories and compares them to the properties of the object's security label. If the user's credentials match the MAC security label properties of the object access is allowed. It is important to note that both the classification and categories must match. A user with top secret classification, for example, cannot access a resource if they are not also a member of one of the required categories for that object.
Incorrect Answers:
A: In Mandatory Access Control, the sensitivity labels attached to objects contain a category set as well as the item's classification.
C: In Mandatory Access Control, the sensitivity labels attached to objects contain the item's classification as well as a category.
D: An item's need to know is not something that is included in the sensitivity label. The categories portion of the label is used to enforce need-to-know rules.
References:
http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Mandatory,_Discretionary,_Role_and_Rule_Based_Access_Control
NEW QUESTION # 115
Knowledge-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are more common than:
Answer: D
Explanation:
Knowledge-based IDS are more common than behavior-based ID systems. Source: KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, 2001, John Wiley & Sons, Page 63. Application-Based IDS - "a subset of HIDS that analyze what's going on in an application using the transaction log files of the application." Source: Official ISC2 CISSP CBK Review Seminar Student Manual Version 7.0 p. 87 Host-Based IDS - "an implementation of IDS capabilities at the host level. Its most significant difference from NIDS is intrusion detection analysis, and related processes are limited to the boundaries of the host." Source: Official ISC2 Guide to the CISSP CBK - p. 197 Network-Based IDS - "a network device, or dedicated system attached to the network, that monitors traffic traversing the network segment for which it is integrated." Source: Official ISC2 Guide to the CISSP CBK - p. 196 CISSP for dummies a book that we recommend for a quick overview of the 10 domains has nice and concise coverage of the subject: Intrusion detection is defined as real-time monitoring and analysis of network activity and data for potential vulnerabilities and attacks in progress. One major limitation of current intrusion detection system (IDS) technologies is the requirement to filter false alarms lest the operator (system or security administrator) be overwhelmed with data. IDSes are classified in many different ways, including active and passive, network-based and host-based, and knowledge-based and behavior-based: Active and passive IDS An active IDS (now more commonly known as an intrusion prevention system - IPS) is a system that's configured to automatically block suspected attacks in progress without any intervention required by an operator. IPS has the advantage of providing real-time corrective action in response to an attack but has many disadvantages as well. An IPS must be placed in-line along a
network boundary; thus, the IPS itself is susceptible to attack. Also, if false alarms and legitimate
traffic haven't been properly identified and filtered, authorized users and applications may be
improperly denied access. Finally, the IPS itself may be used to effect a Denial of Service (DoS)
attack by intentionally flooding the system with alarms that cause it to block connections until no
connections or bandwidth are available.
A passive IDS is a system that's configured only to monitor and analyze network traffic activity and
alert an operator to potential vulnerabilities and attacks. It isn't capable of performing any
protective or corrective functions on its own. The major advantages of passive IDSes are that
these systems can be easily and rapidly deployed and are not normally susceptible to attack
themselves.
Network-based and host-based IDS
A network-based IDS usually consists of a network appliance (or sensor) with a Network Interface
Card (NIC) operating in promiscuous mode and a separate management interface. The IDS is
placed along a network segment or boundary and monitors all traffic on that segment.
A host-based IDS requires small programs (or agents) to be installed on individual systems to be
monitored. The agents monitor the operating system and write data to log files and/or trigger
alarms. A host-based IDS can only monitor the individual host systems on which the agents are
installed; it doesn't monitor the entire network.
Knowledge-based and behavior-based IDS
A knowledge-based (or signature-based) IDS references a database of previous attack profiles
and known system vulnerabilities to identify active intrusion attempts. Knowledge-based IDS is
currently more common than behavior-based IDS.
Advantages of knowledge-based systems include the following:
It has lower false alarm rates than behavior-based IDS.
Alarms are more standardized and more easily understood than behavior-based IDS.
Disadvantages of knowledge-based systems include these:
Signature database must be continually updated and maintained.
New, unique, or original attacks may not be detected or may be improperly classified.
A behavior-based (or statistical anomaly-based) IDS references a baseline or learned pattern of
normal system activity to identify active intrusion attempts. Deviations from this baseline or pattern
cause an alarm to be triggered.
Advantages of behavior-based systems include that they
Dynamically adapt to new, unique, or original attacks.
Are less dependent on identifying specific operating system vulnerabilities.
Disadvantages of behavior-based systems include
Higher false alarm rates than knowledge-based IDSes.
Usage patterns that may change often and may not be static enough to implement an effective behavior-based IDS.
NEW QUESTION # 116
Which of the following best allows risk management results to be used knowledgeably?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Risk management consists of two primary and one underlying activity; risk assessment and risk mitigation are the primary activities and uncertainty analysis is the underlying one. After having performed risk assessment and mitigation, an uncertainty analysis should be performed. Risk management must often rely on speculation, best guesses, incomplete data, and many unproven assumptions. A documented uncertainty analysis allows the risk management results to be used knowledgeably. A vulnerability analysis, likelihood assessment and threat identification are all parts of the collection and analysis of data part of the risk assessment, one of the primary activities of risk management.
Source: SWANSON, Marianne & GUTTMAN, Barbara, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), NIST Special Publication 800-14, Generally Accepted Principles and Practices for Securing Information Technology Systems, September 1996 (pages 19-21).
NEW QUESTION # 117
An organization uses non-repudiation PRIMARILY for what purpose?
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 118
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