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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Monitoring, Logging and Runtime Security | 20% | - Container immutability - Threat detection (Falco) - Incident investigation - Audit log configuration - Behavioral analytics |
| Topic 2: System Hardening | 10% | - Network access control - Minimize OS attack surface - Least privilege IAM - Kernel hardening (AppArmor, seccomp) |
| Topic 3: Minimize Microservice Vulnerabilities | 20% | - Pod Security Standards - Secret management - Isolation & multi-tenancy - OPA/Gatekeeper implementation - Security contexts |
| Topic 4: Cluster Setup | 15% | - CIS benchmark compliance - Network security policies - Binary verification - Secure Ingress configuration - Node metadata protection |
| Topic 5: Supply Chain Security | 20% | - Static analysis tools - Image security & scanning - Permitted registries - Signed artifacts & verification - SBOM & CI/CD security |
| Topic 6: Cluster Hardening | 15% | - Service account security - RBAC configuration - Component updates & vulnerability mitigation - API access restriction |
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NEW QUESTION # 41
You are running a multi-tenant Kubernetes cluster where different teams deploy their applications. You are tasked with ensuring isolation between teams and preventing unauthorized access to sensitive dat
a. Describe how you can leverage pod security policies (PSP) and network policies to achieve this goal.
Answer:
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step):
1. Define Pod Security Policies:
- Create separate PSPs for each team with different security constraints:
- Resource Limits: Limit the resources each team's pods can request (CPU, memory).
- Capabilities: Restrict specific capabilities like ' SYS_ADMIN' or 'NET_ADMIN'
- Security Context: Control the user and group IDs, privileged escalation, and SELinux labels for pods.
- Volume Types: Allow only specific types of volumes (e.g., emptyDir, hostPath, persistentV01umeClaim).
- Example PSP for Team A:
2. Apply PSPs to Teams: - Use 'kubectl apply -f team-a-psp.yaml' to apply the PSP for Team A. - Create and apply similar PSPs for other teams. - Apply these PSPs as admission controllers in your cluster to enforce them on all pods. 3. Configure Network Policies: - Define network policies to control communication between pods within different teams: - Ingress Policy: Control whicn pods can initiate connections to pods in otner teams. - Egress Policy: Control which pods can receive connections from pods in other teams. - Example Network Policy for Team A:
4. Apply Network Policies: - Use ' kubectl apply -f team-a-policy-yamp to apply the policy for Team A. - Create and apply similar policies for other teams. Result: - These PSPs and network policies enforce isolation between teams, limiting their access to resources and preventing unauthorized communication. - Teams can deploy their applications within their defined policies, minimizing the risk of cross-team vulnerabilities. - This approach ensures a secure and isolated environment for multi-tenant deployments.
NEW QUESTION # 42
On the Cluster worker node, enforce the prepared AppArmor profile
#include <tunables/global>
profile docker-nginx flags=(attach_disconnected,mediate_deleted) {
#include <abstractions/base>
network inet tcp,
network inet udp,
network inet icmp,
deny network raw,
deny network packet,
file,
umount,
deny /bin/** wl,
deny /boot/** wl,
deny /dev/** wl,
deny /etc/** wl,
deny /home/** wl,
deny /lib/** wl,
deny /lib64/** wl,
deny /media/** wl,
deny /mnt/** wl,
deny /opt/** wl,
deny /proc/** wl,
deny /root/** wl,
deny /sbin/** wl,
deny /srv/** wl,
deny /tmp/** wl,
deny /sys/** wl,
deny /usr/** wl,
audit /** w,
/var/run/nginx.pid w,
/usr/sbin/nginx ix,
deny /bin/dash mrwklx,
deny /bin/sh mrwklx,
deny /usr/bin/top mrwklx,
capability chown,
capability dac_override,
capability setuid,
capability setgid,
capability net_bind_service,
deny @{PROC}/* w, # deny write for all files directly in /proc (not in a subdir)
# deny write to files not in /proc/<number>/** or /proc/sys/**
deny @{PROC}/{[
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