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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Special Collections | 12% | - Blood alcohol & legal collections - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Blood cultures & sterile collection - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Therapeutic drug monitoring |
| Topic 2: Safety and Compliance | 26% | - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control - Quality control & error prevention - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - Infection control & OSHA standards - PPE & sharps disposal |
| Topic 3: Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Documentation & tracking - Aliquoting & preservation - Transport & storage requirements - Processing & centrifugation - Specimen rejection criteria |
| Topic 4: Patient Preparation | 20% | - Requisition review & test verification - Informed consent & communication - Patient identification & verification - Site selection & preparation - Patient positioning & comfort |
| Topic 5: Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Post-collection care & labeling - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Order of draw & tube selection - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Capillary puncture procedures |
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NEW QUESTION # 118
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take after removing gloves?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should perform hand hygiene after removing gloves. Gloves reduce contamination but do not replace hand hygiene. Hands can become contaminated during glove removal, and gloves may have microscopic defects. Putting used gloves in a lab coat pocket is a contamination hazard. Sanitizing gloves for reuse is incorrect because medical gloves used during patient care are single-use items and should be discarded appropriately. Touching clean supplies immediately after glove removal without hand hygiene can contaminate the clean supply area and spread organisms to future patients. Proper glove workflow includes performing hand hygiene before gloving when indicated, wearing gloves for blood collection, avoiding unnecessary surface contact while gloved, removing gloves without contaminating the hands, discarding them properly, and performing hand hygiene afterward. This question tests routine infection-control behavior. Many healthcare-associated contamination events happen through simple missed hand hygiene after glove removal. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; hand hygiene; glove removal; standard precautions; contamination prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 119
Which of the following tube additives promotes clot formation?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Silica promotes clot formation and is commonly used as a clot activator in serum separator tubes and other serum collection tubes. Its function is to accelerate the clotting process so serum can be separated after appropriate clotting time and centrifugation. Heparin is the opposite; it is an anticoagulant that inhibits thrombin activity and is used when plasma is required, especially for many chemistry tests. Oxalate is also an anticoagulant, commonly paired with sodium fluoride in gray-top tubes, where oxalate inhibits clotting and fluoride helps preserve glucose by inhibiting glycolysis. Citrate is another anticoagulant, usually in light-blue tubes for coagulation testing, where the blood-to-additive ratio is critical. This question tests additive function, not tube color memorization alone. A phlebotomist must know whether a tube is intended to produce serum, plasma, or whole blood because incorrect tube selection directly creates preanalytical error and possible specimen rejection. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; tube additives; clot activators; order of draw; specimen integrity. NHA's CPT test plan includes equipment, collection tubes, additives, and routine blood collection procedures.
NEW QUESTION # 120
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take immediately after blood splashes into their eye?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should immediately flush the eye with water at an eyewash station. Blood exposure to mucous membranes is a bloodborne pathogen exposure incident and requires immediate decontamination before administrative steps. Wiping the eye with gauze is inadequate and can irritate tissue or fail to remove infectious material. Continuing patient collections delays treatment and increases occupational risk. Applying antibiotic ointment is outside the phlebotomist's role and does not replace proper exposure response. After flushing, the phlebotomist must report the incident according to facility policy, complete required documentation, and obtain occupational health follow-up. This may include source-patient evaluation, baseline testing, and post-exposure prophylaxis assessment when indicated. The correct professional sequence is decontaminate first, report immediately, document accurately, and follow the exposure-control plan. This question tests standard precautions, exposure control, OSHA-related safety obligations, and emergency response in the phlebotomy environment. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; bloodborne pathogen exposure; mucous membrane exposure; eyewash use; incident reporting.
NEW QUESTION # 121
A blood specimen is rejected by the laboratory for testing. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should contact the patient to repeat the venipuncture collection, following facility policy and provider notification procedures. A rejected specimen cannot be tested reliably, so the practical correction is recollection using the proper tube, volume, labeling, handling, and transport requirements. Waiting until the next yearly visit is unacceptable because the ordered test was needed for current clinical care. Shredding documentation is improper unless performed under approved records-management procedures, and it does not solve the missing valid specimen. Sending laboratory results by mail is impossible or inappropriate when the specimen was rejected and no valid result exists. Specimen rejection usually results from preanalytical problems such as wrong tube, insufficient volume, hemolysis, clotting in an anticoagulant tube, unlabeled or mislabeled specimen, expired supplies, improper temperature, or delayed transport. The phlebotomist's job is to correct the collection failure promptly and prevent recurrence. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; specimen rejection; recollection; preanalytical error; specimen integrity.
NEW QUESTION # 122
Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take after filling the last tube of a venipuncture procedure?
Answer: A
Explanation:
After the last tube has filled, the phlebotomist must complete the venipuncture termination sequence safely. The correct action from the choices is to withdraw the needle from the puncture site. In routine venipuncture, the tourniquet is released before needle removal, then the needle is withdrawn smoothly, the safety device is activated, and pressure is applied with clean gauze or cotton only after the needle is out. Applying cotton while the needle is still inserted can cause the needle to cut or traumatize the vein. Cleaning the site with antiseptic occurs before puncture, not after collection. A warm compress is not part of routine completion; it may be used only for selected complications or difficult venous access before collection. The NHA CPT outline specifically includes standard tourniquet removal, needle removal, safety-device use, post-procedural care, and bandaging as routine blood collection competencies. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; removing tourniquet, tubes, and needle; post-procedural patient care.
NEW QUESTION # 123
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