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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Patient Preparation | - Site selection and preparation - Specimen labeling procedures - Patient identification and communication |
| Specimen Processing and Handling | - Common errors and rejection criteria - Specimen transport and storage - Quality assurance procedures |
| Routine Blood Collections | - Venipuncture procedures - Equipment selection and use - Order of draw |
| Special Collections | - Capillary puncture (fingerstick/heel stick) - Pediatric and geriatric considerations - Non-routine specimen collection methods |
| Safety and Compliance | - HIPAA and patient confidentiality - OSHA regulations and patient safety - Infection control and standard precautions |
>> Phlebotomy-Technician Latest Test Questions <<
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NEW QUESTION # 99
Which of the following complications can a phlebotomist cause by underfilling a gray-topped tube?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Underfilling a gray-topped tube can contribute to hemolysis and specimen rejection because the blood-to-additive ratio becomes incorrect. Gray-top tubes commonly contain sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate. When the tube is underfilled, the additive concentration becomes excessive relative to the blood volume, which can damage cells and interfere with specimen integrity. Hemolysis means red blood cells rupture, releasing intracellular contents into the serum or plasma and potentially altering test results. Iatrogenic anemia is caused by excessive or repeated blood removal from a patient, not by underfilling one additive tube. "Homeostasis" is the body's general maintenance of internal stability and is not a phlebotomy complication in this context; the clinically relevant term would be hemostasis. Thrombocytosis means an elevated platelet count and is not caused by underfilling a gray-top tube. The technical lesson is blunt: additive tubes must be filled to the required volume and mixed gently by inversion. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; preanalytical error; tube fill requirements; additive ratio; hemolysis.
NEW QUESTION # 100
A patient has had a left-sided mastectomy. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take when collecting for a CBC and comprehensive metabolic panel?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should draw from the right arm because the patient has had a left-sided mastectomy. The affected side should generally be avoided for venipuncture unless a provider specifically authorizes it, due to risk of lymphedema, impaired lymph drainage, infection, and delayed tissue recovery. Drawing from the left hand still uses the affected extremity and does not solve the problem. Cleaning with soap and water only is not an appropriate substitute for standard antisepsis and does not address the mastectomy restriction. A capillary stick is not automatically acceptable for a CBC and comprehensive metabolic panel, and it may not provide the correct specimen volume or type for both tests. The better and safer approach is to use the unaffected right arm when it is available and appropriate. If the unaffected arm is inaccessible, the phlebotomist should escalate according to policy instead of improvising. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; venipuncture site selection; mastectomy restrictions; CBC/CMP collection; patient safety.
NEW QUESTION # 101
From which of the following sites should a phlebotomist take a capillary collection from a 3-year-old child?
Answer: C
Explanation:
For a 3-year-old child, the correct capillary collection site is the middle finger. Finger puncture is appropriate for older infants and children when the finger pad is sufficiently developed, commonly using the middle or ring finger on the palmar surface. Heel puncture is primarily used for infants, especially newborns, because the recommended medial or lateral plantar heel area provides a safer capillary site before the fingers are large enough. The antecubital fossa is used for venipuncture, not capillary puncture. The vastus lateralis is an intramuscular injection site, not a blood collection site. Proper capillary technique requires warming if needed, cleaning and drying the site, using an appropriate-depth lancet, wiping away the first drop when required, avoiding excessive squeezing, and collecting in the correct order. In a child, site choice must protect bone, nerves, and tissue while obtaining an adequate specimen. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; dermal puncture; pediatric capillary collection; site selection; microcollection safety. NHA CPT content includes dermal puncture procedures and capillary collection site selection.
NEW QUESTION # 102
Which of the following complications is associated with a dermal puncture?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Osteomyelitis is the correct complication associated with dermal puncture, especially when puncture depth or site selection is improper in infants. Osteomyelitis is infection of bone, and it can occur if a lancet penetrates too deeply or if a puncture is performed over an unsafe area where soft tissue is thin and bone is close to the skin. This is why infant heel punctures must be performed only on the medial or lateral plantar surface and never on the posterior curvature or central heel. Osteoarthritis is degenerative joint disease and is not caused by dermal puncture. Osteoporosis is reduced bone density and is unrelated to capillary collection technique. Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor and is not a procedural complication of phlebotomy. Proper dermal puncture requires correct lancet depth, appropriate site selection, aseptic technique, and avoidance of repeated punctures in the same area. NHA CPT content includes dermal puncture procedures, capillary collection, complications, site selection, and patient risk reduction. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; dermal puncture; capillary collection; pediatric site safety.
NEW QUESTION # 103
Which of the following is a possible complication of venipuncture collection for a patient who has been on warfarin therapy?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Prolonged bleeding is the expected complication for a patient on warfarin therapy. Warfarin is an anticoagulant, meaning it interferes with normal clot formation and can increase bleeding time after venipuncture. The phlebotomist should be alert for delayed hemostasis, apply firm pressure after needle removal, avoid having the patient bend the arm sharply, and confirm that bleeding has stopped before applying a bandage and leaving the patient. Blood clotting is the opposite of the expected medication effect. Hemostasis is the normal stopping of bleeding, not a complication. Petechiae can occur from tourniquet pressure, fragile capillaries, or platelet-related issues, but in this question the medication-specific risk is prolonged bleeding. Proper technique reduces complications: release the tourniquet, withdraw the needle smoothly, activate the safety device, apply pressure, and monitor the puncture site. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; post-procedure care; anticoagulant therapy; bleeding complications; hemostasis; patient observation. NHA includes routine venipuncture complications and post-collection care within the CPT test plan.
NEW QUESTION # 104
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