Exam Topics Phlebotomy-Technician Pdf, New Phlebotomy-Technician Exam Review

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NHA Phlebotomy-Technician Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionObjectives
Professional Practice- Communication and professionalism
- Ethics and patient confidentiality (HIPAA)
Patient Preparation- Explaining procedures and obtaining consent
- Patient identification and communication
- Site selection and preparation
Specimen Collection- Capillary puncture procedures
- Order of draw and tube handling
- Venipuncture techniques
Safety and Compliance- OSHA standards and safety protocols
- Infection control and PPE usage
- Needlestick prevention and biohazard disposal
Specimen Processing and Handling- Quality control and rejection criteria
- Labeling and documentation
- Specimen transport and storage

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NHA Phlebotomy Technician Certification Exam (CPT) Sample Questions (Q109-Q114):

NEW QUESTION # 109
Which of the following pathologies requires a phlebotomist to use an N95 respirator?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions, including use of a properly fitted N95 respirator or equivalent respiratory protection when indicated by facility protocol. Tuberculosis can spread through airborne droplet nuclei, so a simple surgical mask is not the same level of respiratory protection for healthcare personnel entering a TB-risk environment. Lyme disease is transmitted through tick exposure, not routine airborne patient contact. Heart disease is cardiovascular pathology and does not require an N95 respirator as a transmission-based precaution. Thrombocytopenia is a low platelet count and affects bleeding risk, not respiratory isolation. The phlebotomist must follow posted isolation signage, perform hand hygiene, use required PPE, and avoid entering isolation rooms without proper protection and training. This question tests transmission-based precautions and recognition of airborne disease hazards. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; PPE; airborne precautions; infection control; respiratory protection; isolation signage. CDC guidance specifically identifies respiratory protection programs for healthcare personnel using respirators to protect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposure.


NEW QUESTION # 110
A phlebotomist is performing a glucose tolerance test. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take after the patient drinks the glucose solution?

Answer: B

Explanation:
After the patient drinks the glucose solution, the phlebotomist should start timing according to the test protocol. Glucose tolerance testing depends on strict timed specimen collection after ingestion of a measured glucose load. If timing is inaccurate, the results may be invalid or misleading. The patient should not eat crackers because additional food intake can alter glucose results. Exercise should also be avoided unless specifically directed because physical activity can affect glucose metabolism. Collecting all remaining specimens immediately defeats the purpose of the timed test, which evaluates the body's glucose response over defined intervals. The phlebotomist must verify fasting status, collect the baseline specimen if required, ensure the patient consumes the glucose solution within the allowed time, document the time finished, and collect subsequent specimens at exact ordered intervals. If the patient vomits, eats, leaves, or misses a timed draw, the phlebotomist should follow facility policy and notify appropriate personnel. Reference topics: Special Collections; glucose tolerance testing; timed specimens; patient preparation; test protocol compliance.


NEW QUESTION # 111
Which of the following questions should a phlebotomist ask to verify fasting status?

Answer: B

Explanation:
The phlebotomist should ask, "When was the last time you had anything to eat or drink other than water?" This question directly verifies fasting status and avoids a vague yes/no answer. Patients may misunderstand fasting and think coffee, juice, gum, candy, or a small snack does not count. Asking about medication is important for some tests, but it does not verify fasting. Asking why the provider ordered the test is outside the phlebotomist's interpretive role and may lead to unauthorized clinical discussion. Asking whether the patient has had the test before does not confirm current preparation. Accurate fasting verification is part of patient preparation and preanalytical quality control. If the patient has not fasted as required, the phlebotomist should follow facility policy, notify appropriate personnel, document noncompliance if collection proceeds, or reschedule if instructed. Poor preparation can produce misleading chemistry results and unnecessary repeat testing. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; fasting verification; patient interview; basal-state requirements; preanalytical variables.


NEW QUESTION # 112
Which of the following conditions is a reason for specimen rejection?

Answer: A

Explanation:
A clotted lavender-top specimen is a reason for specimen rejection. Lavender-top tubes contain EDTA anticoagulant and are used for tests such as CBCs, which require anticoagulated whole blood. If the specimen clots, the cellular components are trapped in the clot, platelet counts can be falsely low, and automated hematology analysis becomes unreliable. Properly labeled specimens, correctly filled light-blue tubes, and specimens transported upright are acceptable practices, not rejection causes. A clotted lavender specimen usually results from failure to mix the tube properly immediately after collection, delayed inversion, underfilling or collection difficulty, or drawing blood slowly and allowing clotting to begin before the specimen contacts the additive. The correct prevention is to fill the tube to the required volume and gently invert it the recommended number of times immediately after collection. The phlebotomist should never shake the tube, because vigorous agitation can cause hemolysis. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; specimen rejection; EDTA tube mixing; clotted specimens; hematology testing.


NEW QUESTION # 113
A phlebotomist must recollect a blood sample after the initial sample was rejected by the laboratory. Which of the following factors might have caused the sample to be rejected?

Answer: B

Explanation:
An underfilled collection tube is a common reason for laboratory rejection because many tests require a specific blood-to-additive ratio. This is especially critical for coagulation specimens, where insufficient blood relative to anticoagulant can falsely prolong clotting results. Underfilling can also produce inadequate specimen volume for testing, repeat analysis, or instrument requirements. A hematoma at the puncture site is a patient complication and may indicate procedural difficulty, but it does not automatically require specimen rejection unless it affected specimen quality. Use of a multiple-sample needle is a standard venipuncture method and is not a rejection criterion by itself. The cephalic vein is an acceptable antecubital vein when selected appropriately, so using it does not invalidate the specimen. Processing accuracy begins at collection: correct tube, correct volume, correct mixing, correct labeling, and correct transport. The NHA CPT outline identifies preanalytical errors, minimum and maximum volume requirements, fill levels and ratios, maintaining specimen integrity, and recollection as core processing and collection competencies. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; preanalytical errors; tube fill level; specimen rejection and recollection.


NEW QUESTION # 114
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