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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Professional Practice Requirements | - Project documentation and reporting - Value study facilitation |
| Topic 2: Value Methodology Overview | - Principles of Value Engineering / Value Analysis
|
| Topic 3: Job Plan Phases | - Creative Phase
|
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質問 # 122
Some stakeholders disagree with their level of involvement in the VM study scope. What tool could the VM facilitator use to focus the group?
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is C. RACI matrix . When stakeholders disagree about their level of involvement, the facilitator needs a tool that clarifies roles, responsibility, authority, consultation, and communication expectations . A RACI matrix directly addresses this issue because it defines who is Responsible , Accountable , Consulted , and Informed for each activity or decision. In VM and VE practice, a RACI matrix is specifically used to identify who is responsible for implementation, who is accountable for costs and outcomes, who needs to be consulted during VM/VE studies, and who needs to be kept informed.
This makes RACI especially useful when involvement levels become controversial. It gives the facilitator a neutral structure to move the group away from personal preference and toward agreed participation logic. It also helps prevent over-involvement, under-involvement, unclear decision authority, and unnecessary stakeholder conflict.
A work breakdown structure defines work packages, not stakeholder engagement levels. SWOT analysis examines strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, but does not assign participation roles. Paired comparison is used for prioritizing options or criteria, not resolving involvement disagreements.
References/topics: VM Facilitation and Team Dynamics; Stakeholder Engagement; Study Scope Alignment; RACI Matrix; VM Program Governance.
質問 # 123
The VM study team appears engaged but is not making progress. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is A. Groupthink . In VM facilitation, a team can appear active, cooperative, and verbally engaged while still failing to make meaningful progress if members are converging too quickly, avoiding disagreement, or reinforcing the same assumptions. This is characteristic of groupthink , where apparent harmony masks weak analysis and limited challenge to alternatives. Groupthink is defined as a negative group decision process involving conformity pressure, self-censorship, and reduced critical examination in cohesive groups.
This aligns directly with VM team-dynamics responsibilities. The SAVE International Study Guide states that the Job Plan supports team synergy within a structured process , not merely a collection of individual opinions. ( ) The team leader must keep the team focused, keep members involved in discussion and work, and act as a catalyst to keep the team moving and motivated. ( ) Option B would more likely produce visible discomfort or withdrawal. Option C, social loafing, reflects reduced individual effort, not an engaged but stalled team. Option D may influence participation, but it is not the best diagnostic cause here. The facilitation response should restore inquiry, challenge assumptions, and encourage constructive dissent.
References/topics: VM Facilitation and Team Dynamics; Team Leader Responsibilities; Job Plan Discipline; Groupthink; Team Progress Barriers.
質問 # 124
Carpet and vinyl tile are acceptable alternatives for an owner to cover 1,000 square meters of floor. Carpet installation cost is $30 per square meter. What is the initial cost of the carpet?
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is A . Initial cost is the acquisition, construction, production, or installation expenditure incurred at the start of the alternative's life. SAVE's dictionary defines initial cost as the initial expenditure of resources to develop, acquire, produce, or construct a project, product, or process, and notes that it is interchangeable with capital cost.
Here, the calculation is direct:
1,000 square meters × $30 per square meter = $30,000.
The maintenance costs, shampooing cost, service life, and vinyl data are not needed for this specific question because it asks only for the initial cost of carpet , not the life-cycle cost. Options B, C, and D incorrectly include additional amounts or appear to mix operating/maintenance costs with initial cost. In CVS-style questions, the trap is often to include irrelevant life-cycle data. A disciplined evaluator first identifies the cost category being requested: initial cost, recurrent annual cost, single expenditure, salvage value, present worth, annualized cost, or total life-cycle cost.
References/topics: Evaluation Phase; Initial Cost; Life-Cycle Cost Analysis.
質問 # 125
The main objective of the Information Phase is to
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is B because the Information Phase is the point in the VM Job Plan where the study team establishes a shared factual understanding of the project before moving into function analysis or idea generation. SAVE's Value Methodology Standard describes the Information Phase as the phase in which the team reviews and defines current project conditions and identifies the goals of the study . ( wsdot.wa.gov ) This means the team examines available drawings, costs, constraints, owner requirements, user needs, scope, assumptions, performance expectations, schedule conditions, and other baseline project information.
Option A is incorrect because determining alternative solutions belongs primarily to the Creativity Phase , where ideas are generated after functions are understood. Option C is not the main objective; an information workbook or data package may support the phase, but it is a tool or deliverable rather than the fundamental purpose. Option D is also incorrect because selecting or adding VM team members is normally addressed during Preparation / Pre-Workshop planning , not during the Information Phase.
The Information Phase creates the factual platform for all later phases. Without a clear understanding of project information, function analysis, creativity, evaluation, and development cannot be performed reliably.
References/topics: Information Phase; VM Job Plan; Project Data Review; Current Conditions; Study Objectives.
質問 # 126
Carpet and vinyl tile are acceptable alternatives for an owner to cover 1,000 square meters of floor.
Carpet
Installation cost, including pad = $30 / square meter
Service life = 10 years
Maintenance cost: vacuum weekly = $500 / month
Maintenance cost: shampoo once per year = $3,000 / shampoo
Vinyl
Installation cost, including pad = $10 / square meter
Service life = 15 years
Maintenance cost: vacuum weekly = $400 / month
Maintenance cost: strip and wax once per month = $1,000 / strip and wax What is the initial cost of the carpet ?
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is A. $30,000 . The question asks only for the initial cost of the carpet, not its annual maintenance cost, life-cycle cost, present worth, or equivalent annual cost. In SAVE terminology, initial cost means the first expenditure required to acquire, produce, construct, or install the project, product, or process.
The SAVE VM Dictionary identifies initial cost as the initial expenditure of resources and also treats it as interchangeable with capital cost. It separately defines life-cycle cost as the sum of initial cost, recurrent annual cost, single expenditures, and disposal or salvage value over a defined period. Therefore, the maintenance costs and service-life data are distractors for this specific calculation.
The carpet covers 1,000 square meters , and the installation cost is $30 per square meter . The calculation is:
1,000 × $30 = $30,000
Options B, C, and D incorrectly imply that additional costs have been added to the initial installation cost. In the Evaluation Phase, CVS candidates must identify the cost category being requested before performing the calculation. SAVE's VM Standard places structured evaluation after creativity to compare alternatives while considering performance requirements and resource limits.
References/topics: Evaluation Phase; Initial Cost; Capital Cost; Life-Cycle Cost Analysis; Cost Classification.
質問 # 127
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近年、IT領域で競争がますます激しくなります。IT認証は同業種の欠くことができないものになりました。あなたはキャリアで良い昇進のチャンスを持ちたいのなら、Fast2testのSAVE InternationalのCVS「Certified Value Specialist」試験トレーニング資料を利用してSAVE Internationalの認証の証明書を取ることは良い方法です。現在、SAVE InternationalのCVS認定試験に受かりたいIT専門人員がたくさんいます。Fast2testの試験トレーニング資料はSAVE InternationalのCVS認定試験の１００パーセントの合格率を保証します。
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