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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Mobile Platform and IoT Attacks | 7% | - Mobile Platform Attack Vectors
|
| Web Application Attacks | 19% | - Web Application Concepts and Attacks
|
| System Hacking | 17% | - System Hacking Tools and Countermeasures
|
| Wireless Network Attacks | 9% | - Wireless Hacking Methodology
|
| Cryptography and Post-Exploitation | 13% | - Cryptography Concepts
|
| Reconnaissance Techniques | 21% | - Footprinting and Reconnaissance
|
| Sniffing and Evasion | 10% | - Network Evasion
|
| Vulnerability Analysis | 7% | - Vulnerability Assessment Concepts
|
| Malware Threats | 8% | - Malware Analysis and Distribution
|
| Cloud and Container Attacks | 10% | - Cloud Attacks and Security
|
| Enumeration | 15% | - Enumeration Concepts
|
| Information Security and Ethical Hacking Overview | 6% | - Ethical Hacking Overview
|
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NEW QUESTION # 387
An IT security team is conducting an internal review of security protocols in their organization to identify potential vulnerabilities. During their investigation, they encounter a suspicious program running on several computers. Further examination reveals that the program has been logging all user keystrokes. How can the security team confirm the type of program and what countermeasures should be taken to ensure the same attack does not occur in the future?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 388
A penetration tester evaluates an industrial control system (ICS) that manages critical infrastructure. The tester discovers that the system uses weak default passwords for remote access. What is the most effective method to exploit this vulnerability?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Weak default passwords allow direct unauthorized access when reused unchanged. Using those default credentials enables immediate control of the ICS without triggering account lockouts or generating excessive authentication noise, making it the most effective exploitation method.
NEW QUESTION # 389
During a late-night shift at IronWave Logistics in Seattle, cybersecurity analyst Marcus Chen notices a pattern of high-port outbound traffic from over a dozen internal machines to a previously unseen external IP. Each system had recently received a disguised shipping report, which, when opened, initiated a process that spread autonomously to other workstations using shared folders and stolen credentials. Upon investigation, Marcus discovers that the machines now contain hidden executables that silently accept remote instructions and occasionally trigger coordinated background tasks. The compromised endpoints are behaving like zombies, and malware analysts confirm that the payload used worm-like propagation to deliver a backdoor component across the network.
Which is the most likely objective behind this attack?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The strongest indicator in this scenario is that multiple compromised hosts are "behaving like zombies," communicating outbound to a single unfamiliar external IP over high ports, and "silently accept remote instructions" while performing "coordinated background tasks." In CEH-aligned malware terminology, these are hallmark characteristics of a botnet: a collection of infected endpoints (bots/zombies) under centralized or semi-centralized command-and-control. Worm-like propagation explains how the compromise rapidly expanded across the internal network-using shared folders and stolen credentials for lateral spread-while the "backdoor component" provides persistent remote control functionality once a system is infected. The observed coordination across many hosts strongly suggests the attacker's goal is not merely individual surveillance of a single machine, but scalable remote control of many machines at once.
Option A, data exfiltration, is plausible in many intrusions, but the question emphasizes orchestration and remote tasking across many endpoints rather than targeted theft from specific repositories. Option B is inconsistent because there is no mention of encryption, ransom notes, or disruption-focused behavior. Option D, a RAT, typically describes remote control of a host, but the scenario's defining feature is the creation of many "zombies" with coordinated behavior-this aligns more precisely with building a botnet for command and control, which can later be used for data theft, DDoS, spam, or further intrusion operations.
CEH defensive guidance includes monitoring egress traffic anomalies, detecting C2 patterns, segmenting networks to limit worm spread, disabling unnecessary shares, enforcing strong credential hygiene, and using EDR to identify backdoors and lateral movement behaviors.
NEW QUESTION # 390
Password cracking programs reverse the hashing process to recover passwords. (True/False.)
Answer: A
Explanation:
Hashing is a one-way function-by design, it cannot be reversed. Password-cracking tools do not "reverse" the hash. Instead, they:
* Generate a list of potential passwords.
* Hash each candidate using the same algorithm.
* Compare the result to the target hash.
If a match is found, the original password is revealed by correlation, not reversal.
From CEH v13 Official Courseware:
* Module 6: Cryptography and Password Cracking
CEH v13 Study Guide states:
"Hash functions are one-way and irreversible. Password-cracking tools work by hashing wordlists or character combinations and comparing them to known password hashes." Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 6: Password Hashing ConceptsNIST FIPS 180-4 - Secure Hash Standard
NEW QUESTION # 391
During a penetration test at Horizon Tech in Austin, ethical hacker Michael sets up a man-in-the-middle attack to intercept traffic between employees and the company's internal web applications. He uses a lightweight tool capable of performing ARP spoofing, DNS manipulation, and packet injection while providing an interactive interface for real-time monitoring. This allows him to capture and manipulate session tokens in transit, which he later presents to the security team as proof of risk.
Which tool is Michael most likely using in this exercise?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The tool described is most consistent with Bettercap. Bettercap is a lightweight, extensible framework commonly used in controlled security testing for man-in-the-middle (MITM) operations on local networks. It supports ARP spoofing/ARP poisoning to position the attacker between victims and gateways, enabling interception of traffic. It also supports DNS manipulation/spoofing (e.g., redirecting domain lookups to attacker-controlled destinations) and packet injection capabilities for modifying or inserting traffic.
Importantly, it provides an interactive interface that allows real-time session visibility and control, which matches the scenario's emphasis on interactive monitoring while intercepting internal web application traffic.
The objective described-capturing and manipulating session tokens in transit-is consistent with a MITM platform that can observe HTTP traffic (or influence traffic where TLS is not properly enforced or where testing includes trusted certificates in a lab). Bettercap's design as an "all-in-one" local network attack and monitoring tool makes it a typical choice for demonstrating risks from weak network segmentation, insecure DNS, lack of HTTPS/HSTS, or insufficient endpoint protections against ARP spoofing.
Why the other options are less suitable:
Wireshark (A) is primarily a packet analyzer/sniffer; it does not inherently perform ARP spoofing, DNS manipulation, or injection as an active MITM tool.
Hetty (B) and Caido (C) are web-focused interception/testing tools (proxy-style workflows). They can intercept HTTP/S when configured as a proxy, but they do not natively specialize in LAN-layer ARP spoofing and DNS manipulation for transparent MITM in the same way as Bettercap.
Therefore, the most likely tool is D. Bettercap.
NEW QUESTION # 392
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