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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Patient Preparation | - Site selection and preparation - Patient identification and communication - Specimen labeling procedures |
| Special Collections | - Pediatric and geriatric considerations - Capillary puncture (fingerstick/heel stick) - Non-routine specimen collection methods |
| Specimen Processing and Handling | - Common errors and rejection criteria - Quality assurance procedures - Specimen transport and storage |
| Routine Blood Collections | - Order of draw - Venipuncture procedures - Equipment selection and use |
| Safety and Compliance | - HIPAA and patient confidentiality - Infection control and standard precautions - OSHA regulations and patient safety |
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NEW QUESTION # 26
Which of the following should a phlebotomist review on a requisition prior to collection for an outpatient draw?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Before collecting an outpatient specimen, the phlebotomist must review the requisition to confirm what test is ordered and what specimen requirements apply. Specimen requirements include tube type, additive, minimum volume, handling conditions, fasting status, timing, temperature, light protection, and whether the specimen requires special processing or transport. This step prevents preanalytical errors such as collecting the wrong tube, insufficient volume, wrong timing, or improperly handled specimens. Medications and allergies can be clinically relevant during patient interview, but they are not the primary item reviewed on the requisition for collection accuracy unless the test requirement specifically involves medication timing or patient compliance. Insurance authorization is administrative and should not drive the technical collection step. The requisition is the controlling document for collection, because it links patient identification, ordering provider, diagnosis or test code, test priority, and ordered tests. The NHA CPT outline includes obtaining, reviewing, and verifying orders or requisitions, confirming testing requirements, and understanding requisition field requirements. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; requisition review; testing requirements; specimen requirements; outpatient collection workflow.
NEW QUESTION # 27
A phlebotomist is preparing to perform a phlebotomy procedure on a hospitalized patient. Which of the following steps should the phlebotomist take for the initial introduction?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The best initial introduction is to knock on the door, greet the patient, and introduce themselves. This sequence respects privacy, establishes professional presence, and begins communication before any technical identification or collection step. Entering quietly without first knocking may be inappropriate in a patient-care environment because the patient has a right to privacy and dignity. Turning on lights immediately can be abrupt, especially for hospitalized patients who may be resting, anxious, or ill. Checking the ID band is essential, but it follows professional entry and introduction. Checking the provider's prescription or order is important before collection, but it is not the interpersonal "initial introduction" step at bedside. The correct approach supports patient cooperation, consent, and safety. After introduction, the phlebotomist should verify the order, use two identifiers, explain the procedure, assess patient readiness, and obtain consent according to facility policy. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; therapeutic communication; patient rights; bedside approach; patient identification; consent. NHA's CPT test plan includes patient communication and preparation as a major domain.
NEW QUESTION # 28
A phlebotomist is preparing to perform venipuncture on a patient who has had a right-sided mastectomy. Which of the following collection sites should the phlebotomist select?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should select the left antecubital area because the patient has had a right-sided mastectomy. Venipuncture should generally be avoided on the side of a mastectomy due to the risk of impaired lymphatic drainage, lymphedema, infection, and delayed healing. The right cephalic and right basilic veins are on the affected side and should not be used unless a provider specifically authorizes collection from that side. The left femoral artery is not an appropriate routine phlebotomy site and arterial collection is outside standard venipuncture practice unless performed under specialized authorization and scope. The left antecubital area is the safest option listed because it uses the unaffected arm and provides standard venipuncture access. The technician should still assess vein suitability, avoid sites with IVs, edema, scarring, hematoma, or infection, and follow facility policy if no acceptable site is available. This question tests contraindicated sites and safe site selection, not simply vein-name recall. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; mastectomy precautions; venipuncture site selection; contraindicated sites; patient safety.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take after removing gloves?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should perform hand hygiene after removing gloves. Gloves reduce contamination but do not replace hand hygiene. Hands can become contaminated during glove removal, and gloves may have microscopic defects. Putting used gloves in a lab coat pocket is a contamination hazard. Sanitizing gloves for reuse is incorrect because medical gloves used during patient care are single-use items and should be discarded appropriately. Touching clean supplies immediately after glove removal without hand hygiene can contaminate the clean supply area and spread organisms to future patients. Proper glove workflow includes performing hand hygiene before gloving when indicated, wearing gloves for blood collection, avoiding unnecessary surface contact while gloved, removing gloves without contaminating the hands, discarding them properly, and performing hand hygiene afterward. This question tests routine infection-control behavior. Many healthcare-associated contamination events happen through simple missed hand hygiene after glove removal. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; hand hygiene; glove removal; standard precautions; contamination prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Which of the following methods should a phlebotomist use to anchor a vein?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The vein is anchored by placing the thumb of the free hand below the intended puncture site and gently pulling the skin taut. This stabilizes the vein, reduces rolling, creates a firmer puncture surface, and supports accurate needle entry. Anchoring above the site is unsafe because it places the phlebotomist's hand in the direction of needle travel and increases needlestick risk. Using two fingers instead of the thumb provides less controlled traction and may interfere with the venipuncture angle or contaminate the prepared site. The phlebotomist should avoid touching the cleansed puncture site after antisepsis unless the site is re-cleansed. Proper anchoring is especially important for superficial or mobile veins because failure to stabilize the vein can cause missed access, hematoma formation, probing, patient discomfort, or specimen collection failure. The NHA CPT outline identifies anchoring the vein below the venipuncture site and knowledge of anchoring techniques as routine venipuncture competencies. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; site selection; anchoring below venipuncture site; venous anatomy and safe insertion technique.
NEW QUESTION # 31
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