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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Routine Blood Collections | - Venipuncture procedures - Equipment selection and use - Order of draw |
| Special Collections | - Non-routine specimen collection methods - Pediatric and geriatric considerations - Capillary puncture (fingerstick/heel stick) |
| Patient Preparation | - Site selection and preparation - Patient identification and communication - Specimen labeling procedures |
| Safety and Compliance | - OSHA regulations and patient safety - HIPAA and patient confidentiality - Infection control and standard precautions |
| Specimen Processing and Handling | - Quality assurance procedures - Specimen transport and storage - Common errors and rejection criteria |
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NEW QUESTION # 16
A phlebotomist is preparing a container for a 24-hr urine collection when a chemical splash occurs. The phlebotomist should find information about this chemical from which of the following sources?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct source is the Safety Data Sheet. An SDS provides chemical-specific information about hazards, exposure controls, personal protective equipment, first aid, spill response, handling, storage, and disposal. During a chemical splash, the phlebotomist must follow facility policy immediately, use the eyewash or shower if indicated, notify appropriate personnel, and consult the SDS for the exact chemical involved. Current Procedural Terminology is a medical coding system and has no role in chemical exposure response. The CDC provides infection-control guidance, but it is not the primary document for a specific chemical's hazard and first-aid requirements. OSHA establishes workplace safety regulations, including hazard communication expectations, but the SDS is the actual document used at the point of exposure for chemical-specific instructions. NHA CPT safety content includes workplace safety regulations, exposure control protocols, reporting requirements, PPE, and biohazard or chemical safety practices. OSHA also describes SDSs as documents containing chemical properties, hazards, protective measures, and safety precautions. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; chemical exposure; SDS; OSHA hazard communication.
NEW QUESTION # 17
A phlebotomist should immediately report which of the following to a supervisor?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A needlestick injury must be reported immediately to a supervisor because it is an occupational exposure incident involving potential transmission of bloodborne pathogens. Immediate reporting triggers the facility's exposure-control plan, which may include wound cleansing, documentation, source-patient evaluation when permitted, employee health assessment, post-exposure prophylaxis consideration, and required follow-up testing. Delayed reporting can compromise medical management and regulatory documentation. Outdated blood collection supplies should be removed from use and handled according to inventory or quality-control policy, but they do not carry the same immediate occupational exposure urgency. An allergic reaction must be managed clinically and reported according to severity and facility procedure, but the most direct supervisor-reporting requirement in this item is the needlestick injury. Patient noncompliance with dietary requirements should be documented or communicated as required because it may affect test validity, but it is not an occupational exposure emergency. NHA CPT safety content specifically includes following exposure control plans for needle sticks, notification requirements, needle stick protocols, bloodborne pathogen standards, and reporting requirements. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; needlestick injury; exposure control protocols; reporting requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 18
Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take if a patient develops a rapidly forming hematoma during venipuncture?
Answer: B
Explanation:
If a rapidly forming hematoma develops, the phlebotomist should remove the needle and apply pressure. A hematoma occurs when blood leaks into surrounding tissue, often because the needle has gone through the vein, partially exited the vein, or the vein wall has been injured. Continuing the collection can worsen bleeding, increase pain, and compromise the specimen. Asking the patient to pump their fist increases venous pressure and can worsen leakage or alter some test results. Inserting the needle deeper is unsafe because it may worsen vessel injury or strike nearby structures. The correct response is to release the tourniquet, remove the needle, activate the safety device, apply firm pressure, and monitor the site. A bandage should be applied only after bleeding has stopped. The phlebotomist should document or report the complication according to facility policy and avoid recollecting from the affected site. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; hematoma; venipuncture complications; needle removal; post-procedure care.
NEW QUESTION # 19
Which of the following forms accompanies a toxicology drug screen for legal purposes?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A toxicology drug screen performed for legal, forensic, workplace, or evidentiary purposes must be accompanied by a chain-of-custody form. Chain of custody documents each person who handles the specimen, the date and time of transfer, specimen condition, identification verification, sealing, storage, and delivery. Its purpose is to prove that the specimen belongs to the correct individual and was not substituted, altered, contaminated, or mishandled. A requisition identifies the ordered test and patient/order details, but it does not provide the legal transfer record required for forensic validity. An encounter form supports visit documentation or administrative capture, not specimen evidence control. CMS 1500 is a health insurance claim form and has no role in legal specimen tracking. The phlebotomist must follow strict identification, sealing, labeling, and documentation procedures because any break in custody can invalidate the specimen for legal use. NHA CPT processing content explicitly includes chain-of-custody guidelines when required, including forensic studies and blood alcohol specimens, and special collection requirements for drug screening. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; chain of custody; drug screening; legal specimen documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which of the following types of testing requires chain of custody documentation for specimens?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Drug testing requires chain of custody documentation when the specimen is collected for legal, employment, forensic, or regulatory purposes. Chain of custody tracks the specimen from collection through transport, receipt, testing, storage, and final disposition. It documents who collected the specimen, who handled it, when transfers occurred, whether seals were intact, and whether the specimen remained secure. This protects the legal defensibility of the result by reducing the possibility of substitution, tampering, contamination, or misidentification. Blood typing requires strict patient identification and specimen labeling because of transfusion risk, but it is not the classic chain-of-custody specimen in this question. HIV testing requires confidentiality and consent requirements according to policy, but not forensic custody tracking in routine care. Tuberculosis testing requires correct collection or test procedure, infection-control precautions, and documentation, not legal custody control. For drug screening, the phlebotomist must follow collection kit instructions exactly, verify identity, seal the specimen properly, complete all required documentation, and maintain specimen security. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; chain of custody; toxicology testing; forensic specimens; legal documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 21
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