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CIPS L4M2 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionObjectives
Topic 1: Understand how to develop a business case for requirements to be sourced from external suppliers- Analyse how market factors affect procurement
Topic 2: Understand the use of specifications in procurement and supply
Topic 3: Understand market management in procurement and supply- Compare the competitive forces that influence markets
  • 1. Bargaining strength of suppliers and buyers
  • 2. Availability of substitutes and threat of new entrants
- Contrast direct costs and indirect costs
  • 1. Sources of information to estimate costs and prices

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CIPS Defining Business Needs Sample Questions (Q84-Q89):

NEW QUESTION # 84
Which of the following statements is the best definition of 'value engineering?

Answer: D

Explanation:
Value Engineering (VE) is concerned with new products. It is applied during product development. The focus is on reducing costs, improving function or both, by way of teamwork-based product evaluation and analysis.
This takes place before any capital is invested in tooling, plant or equipment.
This is very significant, because according to many reports, up to 80% of a product's costs (throughout the rest of its life-cycle), are locked in at the design development stage. This is under-standable when you consider the design of any product determines many factors, such as tooling, plant and equipment, labour and skills, training costs, materials, shipping, installation, maintenance, as well as decommissioning and recycle costs.
LO 3, AC 3.4


NEW QUESTION # 85
Which competitive forces influence markets in our modern environment?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Detailed Explanation:
The bargaining strength of suppliers and buyers is a key factor influencing market competitiveness, as outlined in frameworks like Porter's Five Forces. These forces dictate pricing, supply availability, and value delivery. Reference: CIPS Level 4, Market Analysis and Competitive Forces.


NEW QUESTION # 86
EV Inc is facing the following challenges:
1. The capital investment is enormous.
2. Most of company's working capital is in form of inventories, which include raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods.
3. Competitors are increasingly deploying robotics and automation to boost productivity.
Which of the below business sectors does EV Inc belong to?

Answer: A

Explanation:
Every sector among the options requires intensive capital investment. However, only manufacturing and retails bury much of their working capital in form of inventory. Raw materials and WIP only present in manufacturing sector.
The manufacturing industry is undergoing massive change, rivaling the Industrial Revolution that began in England and continued on Detroit's assembly lines. But today's revolution is "smart," thanks to factories using artificial intelligence and robots.
A new trend is the "cobot" - a collaborative robot designed to work with humans. One company called Moduform uses them to make furniture in the U.S. The company credits using cobots for reducing their staffing turnover, since the robots do mundane repetitive tasks that bore humans, while people can now do cognitive tasks requiring judgment and diversified responsibilities. Other innovations include 3D printing, Artificial Intelligence and automation.
Today's artificial intelligence manufacturing revolution improves performance in two key areas of manufacturing: productivity and quality control.
Reference:
- The Key Characteristics of Manufacturing (bizfluent.com)
- CIPS study guide page 74-76
LO 2, AC 2.1


NEW QUESTION # 87
One of the disadvantages of using standards in specification is that...

Answer: B

Explanation:
Using standards in specification is very convenient. They reduce the time and effort to produce. They tend to be very accurate with correct technical terminologies. They are well recognised and accepted by a wide range of suppliers and buyers. However, since a standard is very specific, complex and lengthy, it requires a lot of time to be drafted and approved. Therefore, standard tends to be static and don't encourage innovation. It may also not accommodate latest technology and trends.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 125
LO 3, AC 3.1


NEW QUESTION # 88
When procuring an IT equipment, at which stage the buyer's expectations are translated into a technical specification?

Answer: B

Explanation:
IT equipment is typically linked with through-life contracts. This type of contract not only deal with the specification and the price of a machinery, but also other stages such as design, manufacture, installation, in- service support, decommission and disposal. Among these stages, the design stage is when buyer's requirements are translated into technically correct specification.


NEW QUESTION # 89
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