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ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Test Analysis and Design20%- Test Techniques
  • 1. State transition testing
  • 2. Decision table testing
  • 3. Equivalence partitioning
  • 4. Boundary value analysis
  • 5. Path testing
  • 6. Statement testing and decision testing
- Experience-Based Test Techniques
  • 1. Exploratory testing
  • 2. Checklist-based testing
  • 3. Error guessing
- Characteristics of Good Tests
  • 1. Test case design principles
  • 2. Coverage and efficiency
Tool Support for Testing0%- Tools Support
  • 1. Test planning and control tools
  • 2. Test harness and unit test framework tools
  • 3. Performance measurement and dynamic analysis tools
  • 4. Test design and test implementation tools
  • 5. Test execution tools
- Benefits and Risks of Test Automation
  • 1. Tool selection and adoption
  • 2. Automated and manual testing trade-offs
Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle20%- Test Levels
  • 1. System testing
  • 2. Integration testing
  • 3. Component testing
  • 4. Acceptance testing
- Maintenance Testing
  • 1. Impact analysis
  • 2. Types of maintenance testing
  • 3. Triggers for maintenance
- Test Types
  • 1. Black-box testing
  • 2. Confirmation testing and regression testing
  • 3. Functional testing
  • 4. Non-functional testing
- Software Development Lifecycle Models
  • 1. Sequential development models
  • 2. Iterative and incremental development models
  • 3. Agile and DevOps approaches
Static Testing15%- Review Process
  • 1. Roles and responsibilities in reviews
  • 2. Review phases
  • 3. Success factors for reviews
  • 4. Review types and their characteristics
- Static Testing Basics
  • 1. Static testing and the test process
  • 2. Value of static testing
Managing the Test Activities25%- Test Monitoring and Control
  • 1. Metrics used in test monitoring and control
  • 2. Test reporting
- Test Planning
  • 1. Purpose and content of a test plan
  • 2. Test estimation techniques
  • 3. Entry criteria and exit criteria
- Risk-Based Testing
  • 1. Risk identification
  • 2. Risk assessment
  • 3. Risk mitigation
- Defect Management
  • 1. Defect report fields
  • 2. Defect reporting tools
  • 3. Defect lifecycle
- Configuration Management
  • 1. Configuration management activities
Fundamentals of Testing20%- Test Process
  • 1. Traceability between the test basis and test items
  • 2. Test work products
  • 3. Testing as a process
  • 4. Test activities and tasks
- The Psychology of Testing
  • 1. Tester mindset and developer's mindset
  • 2. Human psychology and testing
  • 3. Cognitive biases
- What is Testing?
  • 1. Testing and debugging
  • 2. Typical testing objectives
- Why is Testing Necessary?
  • 1. Quality assurance and testing
  • 2. Defects, root causes, and consequences
  • 3. Errors, defects, and failures
  • 4. Testing's contribution to success

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최신 ISTQB Foundation Level CTFL_Syll_4.0 무료샘플문제 (Q306-Q311):

질문 # 306
An anti-intrusion system is battery powered and is activated by pressing the only available button. To deactivate the system, the operator must enter a PIN code. The system will stay in alert mode within a configurable timeout and an alarm bell will ring if the system is not deactivated before the timeout expires.
The following state transition diagram describes the behavior of the system:

What is the minimum number of test cases needed to cover every unique sequence of exactly 4 states/3 transitions starting and ending in the "Inactive" state? (note that "Inactive" is not a final state in the diagram)

정답：C

설명：
In the given state transition diagram, we need to identify the minimum number of test cases required to cover every unique sequence of exactly 4 states/3 transitions starting and ending in the "Inactive" state.
The states are:
* Inactive
* Active
* Alert Mode
* Alarm bell rings
* Inactive -> Active -> Inactive -> Active -> Inactive
* Sequence: Press Button, Enter PIN, Press Button, Enter PIN
* Inactive -> Active -> Alert Mode -> Inactive
* Sequence: Press Button, Sensor Activated, Enter PIN
* Inactive -> Active -> Alert Mode -> Alarm bell rings -> Inactive
* Sequence: Press Button, Sensor Activated, Timeout expired, Press Button Test Case Analysis:These sequences cover every unique combination of exactly 4 states and 3 transitions starting and ending in the "Inactive" state.
References:
* ISTQB CTFL Syllabus Section 4.2 on state transition testing.


질문 # 307
A company wants to reward each of its salespeople with an annual bonus that represents the sum of all the bonuses accumulated for every single sale made by that salesperson. The bonus for a single sale can take on the following four values: 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% (the percentage refers to the amount of the single sale). These values are determined on the basis of the type of customer (classified as "Basic" or "Premium") to which such sale was made, and on the amount of such sale classified into the following three groups G1, G2 and G3:
* [G1]: less than 300 euros
* [G2]: between 300 and 2000 euros
* [G3]: greater than 2000 euros
Which of the following is the minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table associated with this scenario?

정답：B

설명：
The minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table associated with this scenario is 6. This is because the decision table has 4 conditions (type of customer and amount of sale) and 4 actions (bonus percentage). The conditions have 2 possible values each (Basic or Premium, and G1, G2 or G3), so the total number of combinations is 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 16. However, not all combinations are valid, as some of them are contradictory or impossible. For example, a sale cannot be both less than 300 euros and greater than 2000 euros at the same time. Therefore, we need to eliminate the invalid combinations and keep only the valid ones. The valid combinations are:
Type of customer
Amount of sale
Bonus percentage
Basic
G1
3%
Basic
G2
5%
Basic
G3
7%
Premium
G1
5%
Premium
G2
7%
Premium
G3
10%
These 6 combinations cover all the possible values of the conditions and actions, and they are the minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table.


질문 # 308
Which of the following is an example of scenario-oriented acceptance criteria?

정답：B

설명：
Scenario-oriented acceptance criteria describe how a system should behave in a specific situation or scenario. These criteria are typically written from the end-user's perspective and focus on user interactions and system responses. Option D fits this description as it outlines a specific scenario where a user is already logged in and describes the expected behavior when the user navigates to a particular page, which is to show the report of the last test run. This type of criterion ensures that the system meets user expectations in that scenario.


질문 # 309
The acceptance criteria associated with a user story:

정답：B

설명：
The acceptance criteria associated with a user story are the conditions that must be met for the user story to be considered done and to deliver the expected value to the user. They are often written in different formats, such as rule-oriented, scenario-oriented, or table-oriented, depending on the nature and complexity of the user story.
They represent an aspect of a user story referred to as confirmation, which is one of the so called "3 C's" of user stories. The other two aspects are card and conversation. Card refers to the concise and informal description of the user story, usually following the template: "As a [role], I want [feature], so that I can
[benefit]". Conversation refers to the ongoing dialogue between the stakeholders and the team members to clarify and refine the user story and its acceptance criteria. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.01, Section 3.2.2, page 35-36; ISTQB Glossary v4.02, page 37.


질문 # 310
Which of the following statements is true?

정답：B

설명：
Acceptance criteria for user stories are crucial in defining the specific requirements that a piece of software must meet to be accepted by the user or stakeholder. These criteria often include data definitions such as format, allowed values, and default values, ensuring that the software behaves correctly with the expected data inputs.
Option A is incorrect because user acceptance tests are not usually automated; they are often conducted manually by end-users. Option C is incorrect because acceptance criteria should cover both positive and negative scenarios to ensure comprehensive testing. Option D is incorrect because tests derived from acceptance criteria can indeed be included in the testing quadrants, particularly in the quadrant related to business-facing tests that critique the product.
Reference:
ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, section on user acceptance testing and acceptance criteria.


질문 # 311
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