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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Whole Life Asset & Cost Management | 25% | - Total cost of ownership concept
|
| Topic 2: Application of Procurement Cycle | 25% | - Key stages of procurement cycle in practice
|
| Topic 3: Sourcing Process & Supplier Management | 25% | - Stages of strategic sourcing
|
| Topic 4: Ethics, Responsibility & Compliance | 25% | - Ethical and responsible sourcing application
|
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質問 # 118
Explain how procurement should decide whether to make or buy a product or service.
正解：
解説：
Make or buy decision are about whether a products or services should be made within the organization or bought-in from an external supplier.
For a procurement professional to establish which method (make or buy) offers the best value, the item in question must be thought through if it is core to the organization and which option will add more value to the organization, as regards achieving its strategic goals. If it is core the procurement professional decide to make it and if it is not core the product or services can be bought in.
質問 # 119
What potential costs could an organization face if it fails to conduct Due diligence effectively?
正解：
解説：
Though strong due diligence procurement professionals can assess which suppliers or potential suppliers appear to meet the criteria associated with ethical practice.
Prior to the contract being awarded, strong due diligence can save the organization from the following cost:
1) Cost of reputation
2) Environmental damage
3) Stakeholders dissatisfaction,
4) poor quality and rework
5) Breach of contract
6) Ethical concerns
質問 # 120
Explain with examples three differences between offers and invitation to treat.
正解：
解説：
See the answer in explanation.
Explanation:
An offer is created when one party communicates to another or to multiple parties that they wish to enter into a legal binding agreement in accordance with the terms stated, for example; a company in promotion advertising for buyers to buy one and get one free, an offer is a buying organization communicating to a supplier to supply X number of goods and be paid x amount upon delivery at company premises, an offer is when a football club proposes to pay X amount to a player if agrees to play for them for a month. An offer can be legally banded if accepted, whereas invitation to treat does not. An invitation to treat is just an invitation from one party to another to begin negotiations with the intention of creating an offer. If an offer is made without stating terms, this becomes an invitation to treat, for example, an invitation to treat is when a pharmacy displays a drug in its shelf. An invitation to treat can be linked to a request a buyer send to suppliers asking them for specific information.
質問 # 121
What is the method of monitoring suppliers?
正解：
解説：
When a contract has been awarded, either is to meet tangible needs or intangible needs, contractors or suppliers should be managed to ensure that they are meeting up with fulfilling their contractual agreement. To establish this, there are methods of managing contracts and suppliers.
Service level agreement (SLA) clauses: is placed in contract to ensures that supplier meets the expected and agreed level of service Key performance indicator (KPI): are used to manage contracts that fulfill tangible needs, the KPIs are set performance thresholds that are used to monitor supplier's performance.
Management by objectives (MBO): is the process of defining objective that are strategic to the organization relating them to the vision and mission and communicating them to the supplier through the contract and ensuring that this objective is met during contract performance.
Reviews: Regular supplier reviews are good practices, for it gives the buyer opportunity to give feedback on performance.
Continuous Improvement: Contracts and suppliers can be monitored through how they are chang-ing for better incrementally as they are fulfilling the schedule. There must be a set down system to timely improve on the process, people and continuously reduce waste.
Training: It is essential that training, are provided to come up on areas supplier is lacking.
* Refer to the question column for response
質問 # 122
Which theory relates to the 3Ps
正解：
解説：
See the answer in explanation.
Explanation:
Trying to measure how sustainable an organization was use to be challenging undertaking. However, during the 1990s, a concept brought up by American John Elkington change the way sustainability was measured.
This framework is known as the triple bottom line (TBL) and measures sustainability in relation to organizational performance and investment against the 3Ps (1) Profits (2) People (3) Planet. For example; Profit: A packaging manufacturer reinventing its profits in a State- of-the-art recycling machinery for it wasted cardboard.
People: A large privately owned call centre donate its end of life computers to a local youth clubs and social groups to help gain internet cases.
質問 # 123
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2026年JPTestKingの最新L4M8 PDFダンプおよびL4M8試験エンジンの無料共有：https://drive.google.com/open?id=18jYsKEZGdtmqQ-PwoHPtS7aa33FWld87