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>> ISO-45001-Lead-Auditor指南 <<
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問題 #63
You are an audit team leader overseeing the activity of a trainee auditor. Your team has just completed a surveillance audit and is assembling the final report.
The trainee has not contributed to a final report before and is clearly struggling with what she should provide to you for inclusion.
Which three of her following statements would be appropriate?
答案：A,B,H
解題說明：
Audit reports should focus on objective evidence, observations, and findings relevant to the management system and the audit process. Personal opinions, unrelated remarks, or derogatory comments are inappropriate.
Analysis of Statements:
A). The guide was trying to be helpful and would not stop talking during the audit:Incorrect. This is irrelevant to the audit findings or conclusions.
B). The Sales Manager was kind and seems to be a nice person:Incorrect. Personal opinions about individuals are not appropriate in audit reports.
C). The audit client's objectives for this audit were never realistic. That's why we were unable to complete the audit plan:Correct. This is relevant as it relates to the audit process and highlights challenges in meeting objectives.
D). The maintenance team could not replace a lightbulb, let alone an air conditioning unit:Incorrect. This is derogatory and irrelevant to the audit report.
E). The OHS Management team were extremely helpful and went out of their way to facilitate access to required records:Correct. This is a valid observation about cooperation during the audit process.
F). The OHS Manager disagreed with me in respect of all of the nonconformances I raised. He still does not accept any of them:Incorrect. While disagreements may occur, this statement is overly subjective and not constructive.
G). The Production Manager is lucky to have a job as he does not appear to understand how anything works around here:Incorrect. Personal attacks or irrelevant judgments have no place in the report.
H). The Sales Manager said he had forgotten the password to the Sales Ordering system and so too had everyone else in his department:Correct. This relates to system access and could indicate a nonconformance or an opportunity for improvement.
ISO References:
ISO 19011:2018, Clause 6.7: Reporting audit results.
問題 #64
Which of the following standards talk about the Environment Management System? Select all the correct options, and then select Submit.
答案：C,D
解題說明：
Analysis of Options:
* A. Integrated Management System:Correct. An Integrated Management System (IMS) combines multiple standards like ISO 45001, ISO 14001, and ISO 9001, addressing environment management as part of the integration.
* B. ISO 14501:Incorrect. ISO 14501 pertains to milk and milk products, not environmental management.
* C. ISO 45001:Incorrect. ISO 45001 focuses on Occupational Health and Safety, not environmental management.
* D. ISO 14001:Correct. ISO 14001 is the primary standard for Environmental Management Systems.
ISO References:
* ISO 14001: Environment Management Systems.
* Integrated Management Systems: Combines standards like ISO 14001 and ISO 45001.
問題 #65
On behalf of a certification body, you are conducting a combined audit of Shelf-Fit. The organization designs, manufacturing install interiors for retail stores. They employ subcontractors for the installation work.
Representing the ISO 45001 audit, you ask the Purchase Manager about the identification of health and safety hazards for contractors on site. Having previously reviewed the hazards list (HZD-21/11 Rev.3), you found that various health and safety hazards were listed but not were associated with contractor working on-site.
When you ask about the use of contractors, the response is, ''We know that contractors use chemicals, such as glues, paints and vanishes. We trust them since they know more than we do about the safe handling of such issues''. The auditor made the same enquiry to an accompanying member of the health and safety team and was told that chemical safety had never been a problem with the installation process.
答案：A,B,H
解題說明：
Major nonconformities are raised when there is a systemic failure to meet ISO 45001 requirements that could lead to significant risks.
Analysis of Options:
B). Lack of a documented process for controlling outsourced work (8.1.4.3):Major nonconformity. A failure to control outsourced work is a serious systemic issue.
C). Failure to include OH and S policy in contractor contracts (5.2.f):Not a major nonconformity. While this is a nonconformity, it is procedural and not critical.
D). No hazard assessment for installation works (6.1.2.2):Major nonconformity. A lack of hazard assessment for site-specific tasks is a serious issue.
E). Missing safety data sheets for contractor chemicals (8.1.4.2):Not a major nonconformity. While important, this issue does not indicate systemic failure.
G). Chemical hazards on installation sites not referenced in the hazard list (6.1.2.2):Major nonconformity. This reflects a failure in hazard identification and risk assessment.
H). Internal audit program does not cover installation sites (9.2.2):Not a major nonconformity. This is a gap in auditing scope but does not directly endanger safety.
I). Safe use of chemicals left to contractors:Not a major nonconformity. This could be addressed through improved contractor oversight rather than indicating systemic failure.
ISO References:
Clause 8.1.4.3: Control of outsourced processes.
Clause 6.1.2.2: Hazard identification and risk assessment.
Clause 7.4.1: Communication requirements.
問題 #66
Showitoff is an organisation spcialising in the design and production of wall decorating material for the domestic market. During an ISO 45001 certification audit of the site, the auditor comes across an open, walled area just outside the maintenance department. It contains various scraps of wood and metal as well as several rusty components. Several heavy concrete beams are learning against a thin brick wall in which cracks are visible. When asked about it, the OHS Manager states that he presume that the material come from maintenance work, so it is the Maintenance Manager's responsibility.
The auditor interviews the Maintenance Manager in his department. He asks about the area outside and is told that it contains some excess materials that the Manager likes to keep in case they come in handy at some stage. The auditor points out that the wall appears to be unstable collapse at any moment. The Maintenance Manager is not aware of such a situation.
Which three statement represent good audit practice?
答案：A,D,H
解題說明：
Clause 6.1.2 of ISO 45001:2018 emphasizes the identification of hazards and assessment of risks, and Clause
5.4 highlights the importance of consultation and communication among roles. The auditor ' s role includes verifying conformity to these clauses through evidence gathering and observation.
Analysis of Options:
* A. The auditor should advise the organization to get rid of the walled area. This is outside the scope of an auditor's role, which is to observe and report findings, not to dictate specific actions.
* B. The auditor should ask the Maintenance Manager to conduct a safety survey. While safety surveys are useful, asking the Maintenance Manager to conduct one is not the auditor's responsibility.
* C. The auditor should check the lines of communication between the OHS Manager and Maintenance Manager. This aligns with ISO 45001:2018, Clause 5.4, as communication gaps may have contributed to the situation.
* D. The auditor should check whether the organization has identified the safety hazards associated with the walled area. Clause 6.1.2 requires hazard identification. The auditor must determine whether this has been done.
* E. The auditor should consider surveying more areas of the site for other potentially unsafe situations. Broadening the audit scope to identify additional risks is a good practice in line with Clause
9.2.2.
* F. The auditor should demand that the Maintenance Manager deals with the wall. Demanding action is not within the auditor's authority. The auditor should raise findings instead.
* G. The auditor should raise a nonconformity against ISO 45001. While this may be appropriate depending on evidence, raising a nonconformity is not a replacement for good audit practices.
* H. The auditor should refer the organization to health and safety authorities. This step is extreme and should only occur if there is an imminent danger and no action is being taken.
ISO References:
* Clause 6.1.2: Hazard identification and risk assessment.
* Clause 5.4: Worker consultation and participation.
* Clause 9.2.2: Internal audit program and execution.
問題 #67
An audit team leader arrives at a steel fabrication organisation that manufactures stairways to carry out a Stage2 certification audit. At a meeting with the OHSMS Manager, she is told that they have won their biggest contact from a construction organization to manufacture and install stairways.
During the audit, a team member found that several employees had suffered hand injuries over several months due to handrail welds not being property polished. The OHSMS Manager blames the new employees they had to take on because of the big contract. The auditor raises a nonconformance against clause 10.2 erf ISO 45001.
In relation to the nonconformity raised by the auditor and in line with the policy of the certification body, the audit team raise improvement opportunities in the audit report.
Which three of the options would represent acceptance opportunities for improvement in the report?
答案：B,D,H
解題說明：
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation along with All ISO 45001 Audit Reference Opportunities for improvement (OFIs) are suggestions provided during audits that do not indicate nonconformities but are aimed at enhancing the system's performance.
Analysis of Options:
A . A quality control program could involve non-destructive testing of the welded handrails:
While beneficial, this focuses on product quality rather than OH&S improvements.
B . Operational planning activities may benefit from an improved risk-based approach based on international standards for risk management:
Correct. Enhancing risk-based thinking aligns with Clause 6.1.1.
C . A first aid station could be located next to the handrail polishing operation:
While useful, first aid station placement is an operational matter, not directly related to OH&S management system improvement.
D . Additional internal audits of the OHS management system may reduce production problems:
Internal audits should address system performance, not production problems.
F . The induction program for new employees could include an awareness training video on health and safety:
Correct. Enhanced training for new employees addresses Clause 7.2 (competence).
G . The requirement for wearing protective gloves could be extended to shop floor workers across all operations:
Correct. This improves hazard control in line with Clause 8.1.2.
H . The molding polishers should be disciplined for incompetency:
Disciplinary actions are outside the scope of system improvement.
ISO Reference:
Clause 6.1.1: Risk management.
Clause 7.2: Competence.
Clause 8.1.2: Hierarchy of controls.
問題 #68
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