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NEW QUESTION # 26
Your organization audited an essential application and found it isn't securely storing data. For added security, auditors recommended encrypting all data before storing it in a backend database, and the application server should not store encryption keys locally. Which secrets engine meets these requirements?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
The Transit secrets engine encrypts data without local key storage. The Vault documentation states:
"The Transit secrets engine allows you to send cleartext data to Vault to be encrypted. Vault will encrypt the data with the referenced encryption key, which is stored locally, and returns the ciphertext to the application.
Although the encryption keys in the Transit secrets engine are exportable, they are generally kept in Vault."
-Transit Tutorial
* C: Correct. Meets encryption and key security needs:
"It allows applications to encrypt data before storing it in a backend database and decrypt it when needed, without storing encryption keys locally."
-Vault Secrets: Transit
* A: PKI is for certificates.
* B: SSH is for SSH credentials.
* D: Cubbyhole is for temporary storage.
References:
Transit Tutorial
Vault Secrets: Transit
NEW QUESTION # 27
You have multiple Kubernetes pods that need frequent access to Vault to retrieve credentials for establishing connectivity to a backend database. You enable the Kubernetes auth method in Vault. What resource do you need to create within Kubernetes to complete this configuration?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Kubernetes auth requires:
* B. k8s service account token: "The kubernetes auth method can be used to authenticate with Vault using a Kubernetes Service Account Token."
* Incorrect Options:
* A, C, D: Not specific to Kubernetes auth.
Reference:https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/auth/kubernetes
NEW QUESTION # 28
A web application uses Vault's transit secrets engine to encrypt data in-transit. If an attacker intercepts the data in transit which of the following statements are true? Choose two correct answers.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
A web application that uses Vault's transit secrets engine to encrypt data in-transit can benefit from the following security features:
* Even if the attacker was able to access the raw data, they would only have encrypted bits (TLS in transit). This means that the attacker would need to obtain the encryption key from Vault in order to decrypt the data, which is protected by Vault's authentication and authorization mechanisms. The transit secrets engine does not store the data sent to it, so the attacker cannot access the data from Vault either.
* The keys can be rotated and min_decryption_version moved forward to ensure this data cannot be decrypted. This means that the web application can periodically change the encryption key used to encrypt the data, and set a minimum decryption version for the key, which prevents older versions of the key from being used to decrypt the data. This way, even if the attacker somehow obtained an old version of the key, they would not be able to decrypt the data that was encrypted with a newer version of the key.
The other statements are not true, because:
* You cannot rotate the encryption key so that the attacker won't be able to decrypt the data. Rotating the key alone does not prevent the attacker from decrypting the data, as they may still have access to the old version of the key that was used to encrypt the data. You need to also move the min_decryption_version forward to invalidate the old version of the key.
* The Vault administrator would not need to seal the Vault server immediately. Sealing the Vault server would make it inaccessible to both the attacker and the legitimate users, and would require unsealing it with the unseal keys or the recovery keys. Sealing the Vault server is a last resort option in case of a severe compromise or emergency, and is not necessary in this scenario, as the attacker does not have access to the encryption key or the data in Vault. References: Transit - Secrets Engines | Vault | HashiCorp Developer, Encryption as a service: transit secrets engine | Vault | HashiCorp Developer
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which of the following secrets engines does NOT issue a lease upon a read request?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
Leases tie to dynamic secrets with TTLs. Let's check:
* A: KV- Static secrets, no lease on read. Correct.
* B: Consul- Dynamic creds with leases. Incorrect.
* C: Database- Dynamic creds with leases. Incorrect.
* D: AWS- Dynamic creds with leases. Incorrect.
Overall Explanation from Vault Docs:
"The Key/Value Backend... does not issue leases although it may return a lease duration." Reference:https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/concepts/lease#lease-renew-and-revoke
NEW QUESTION # 30
Mike's Cereal Shack uses Vault to encrypt customer data to ensure it is always stored securely. They are developing a new application integration to send new customer data to be encrypted using the following API request:
text
CollapseWrapCopy
$ curl \
--header " X-Vault-Token: hvs.sf4vj1rFV5PvQSV3M9dcv832brxQFsfbXA " \
--request POST \
--data @data.json \
https://vault.mcshack.com:8200/v1/transit/encrypt/customer-data
What would be contained within the data.json file?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
The data.json file in this API request contains the data to be encrypted by the Transit secrets engine. The HashiCorp Vault documentation states: " When executing any call to the Vault API, data can be sent using an external file as shown above. In this case, the contents of the file would be cleartext customer data that needs to be encrypted by the transit secrets engine. " Specifically, for the /transit/encrypt/ endpoint, it explains: " The API expects a JSON payload with a plaintext field containing the base64-encoded data to encrypt. " The documentation elaborates under " Encrypt Data " : " The request body must include the plaintext parameter, which is the base64-encoded version of the data you want to encrypt. For example: { " plaintext " :
" base64-encoded-data " }. " Here, D (Cleartext customer data to be encrypted) fits this requirement- customer data in cleartext, base64-encoded, sent for encryption. A (Transit config) is managed in Vault, not sent. B (Ciphertext) is the output, not input. C (Encryption key) is stored in Vault, not provided by the client. Thus, D is correct.
Reference:
HashiCorp Vault Documentation - Transit API: Encrypt Data
NEW QUESTION # 31
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