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Microsoft GH-500 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • Describe the GHAS security features and functionality: This section of the exam measures skills of Security Engineers and Software Developers and covers understanding the role of GitHub Advanced Security (GHAS) features within the overall security ecosystem. Candidates learn to differentiate security features available automatically for open source projects versus those unlocked when GHAS is paired with GitHub Enterprise Cloud (GHEC) or GitHub Enterprise Server (GHES). The domain includes knowledge of Security Overview dashboards, the distinctions between secret scanning and code scanning, and how secret scanning, code scanning, and Dependabot work together to secure the software development lifecycle. It also covers scenarios contrasting isolated security reviews with integrated security throughout the development lifecycle, how vulnerable dependencies are detected using manifests and vulnerability databases, appropriate responses to alerts, the risks of ignoring alerts, developer responsibilities for alerts, access management for viewing alerts, and the placement of Dependabot alerts in the development process.
Topic 2
  • Configure and use Dependabot and Dependency Review: Focused on Software Engineers and Vulnerability Management Specialists, this section describes tools for managing vulnerabilities in dependencies. Candidates learn about the dependency graph and how it is generated, the concept and format of the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), definitions of dependency vulnerabilities, Dependabot alerts and security updates, and Dependency Review functionality. It covers how alerts are generated based on the dependency graph and GitHub Advisory Database, differences between Dependabot and Dependency Review, enabling and configuring these tools in private repositories and organizations, default alert settings, required permissions, creating Dependabot configuration files and rules to auto-dismiss alerts, setting up Dependency Review workflows including license checks and severity thresholds, configuring notifications, identifying vulnerabilities from alerts and pull requests, enabling security updates, and taking remediation actions including testing and merging pull requests.
Topic 3
  • Describe GitHub Advanced Security best practices, results, and how to take corrective measures: This section evaluates skills of Security Managers and Development Team Leads in effectively handling GHAS results and applying best practices. It includes using Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) identifiers to describe alerts and suggest remediation, decision-making processes for closing or dismissing alerts including documentation and data-based decisions, understanding default CodeQL query suites, how CodeQL analyzes compiled versus interpreted languages, the roles and responsibilities of development and security teams in workflows, adjusting severity thresholds for code scanning pull request status checks, prioritizing secret scanning remediation with filters, enforcing CodeQL and Dependency Review workflows via repository rulesets, and configuring code scanning, secret scanning, and dependency analysis to detect and remediate vulnerabilities earlier in the development lifecycle, such as during pull requests or by enabling push protection.
Topic 4
  • Configure and use Code Scanning with CodeQL: This domain measures skills of Application Security Analysts and DevSecOps Engineers in code scanning using both CodeQL and third-party tools. It covers enabling code scanning, the role of code scanning in the development lifecycle, differences between enabling CodeQL versus third-party analysis, implementing CodeQL in GitHub Actions workflows versus other CI tools, uploading SARIF results, configuring workflow frequency and triggering events, editing workflow templates for active repositories, viewing CodeQL scan results, troubleshooting workflow failures and customizing configurations, analyzing data flows through code, interpreting code scanning alerts with linked documentation, deciding when to dismiss alerts, understanding CodeQL limitations related to compilation and language support, and defining SARIF categories.
Topic 5
  • Configure and use secret scanning: This domain targets DevOps Engineers and Security Analysts with the skills to configure and manage secret scanning. It includes understanding what secret scanning is and its push protection capability to prevent secret leaks. Candidates differentiate secret scanning availability in public versus private repositories, enable scanning in private repos, and learn how to respond appropriately to alerts. The domain covers alert generation criteria for secrets, user role-based alert visibility and notification, customizing default scanning behavior, assigning alert recipients beyond admins, excluding files from scans, and enabling custom secret scanning within repositories.

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Microsoft GitHub Advanced Security Sample Questions (Q101-Q106):

NEW QUESTION # 101
Hotspot Question
You have a GitHub Enterprise Cloud Organization that uses GitHub Advanced Security and manages security features by using custom security configurations.
You create a custom security configuration named Baseline1.
You need to configure Baseline1 as the default security configuration for new repositories. The solution must ensure that Baseline1 is applied automatically to all newly created repositories in the organization.
How should you complete the REST API request? To answer, select the appropriate options in the answer area.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.

Answer:

Explanation:

Explanation:
Box 1: CONFIGURATION_ID \
The GitHub REST API endpoint to set a code security configuration as the default for an enterprise or organization uses the format PUT /enterprises/{enterprise}/code- security/configurations/{configuration_id}. Using CONFIGURATION_ID correctly specifies the particular configuration being marked as default, while providing the body payload
{"default_for_repos":"all"} to indicate that it applies automatically to all new repositories.
Incorrect:
CONFIGURATION_ID/defaults: This syntax is incorrect because /defaults is not part of the path configuration URL schema when marking an individual configuration as the repository default CONFIGURATION_ID/policy: This path is invalid. Custom security policies are handled separately, and the configuration-specific setting does not append /policy to the target URI.
default/configurations: This ordering reverses the standard collection-resource layout of GitHub's REST endpoints, which always begins with the base collection /code-security/configurations/ followed by an identity indicator.
Box 2: all
Setting default_for_repos to "all" ensures that the given code security configuration becomes the automatic default applied to all newly created repositories across the enterprise/organization scope.
Reference:
https://docs.github.com/rest/code-security/configurations


NEW QUESTION # 102
Which of the following statements most accurately describes push protection for secret scanning custom patterns?

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Push protection for secret scanning custom patterns is an opt-in feature. This means that for each custom pattern defined in a repository, maintainers can choose to enable or disable push protection individually. This provides flexibility, allowing teams to enforce push protection on sensitive patterns while leaving it disabled for others.
References: GitHub Docs - Working with push protection from the command line


NEW QUESTION # 103
You have enabled security updates for a repository. When does GitHub mark a Dependabot alert as resolved for that repository?

Answer: D

Explanation:
A Dependabot alert is marked as resolved only after the related pull request is merged into the repository. This indicates that the vulnerable dependency has been officially replaced with a secure version in the active codebase.
Simply generating a PR or passing checks does not change the alert status; merging is the key step.


NEW QUESTION # 104
Which top-level keys are mandatory for the dependabot.yml file? (Each answer presents part of the solution.
Choose two.)

Answer: C,D

Explanation:
A valid Dependabot configuration requires the top-level version and updates keys. The configuration currently uses version: 2, which identifies the Dependabot configuration syntax. The updates section contains one or more configuration entries describing package ecosystems that Dependabot should monitor. Within each update entry, additional required settings include package-ecosystem, directory or directories, and schedule.interval. The top-level registries key is optional and is used when Dependabot needs authentication information for private registries. assignees is also optional and controls which users are automatically assigned to Dependabot-created pull requests. Therefore, although several other properties may appear in a practical configuration file, only version and updates are mandatory top-level keys among the choices provided.


NEW QUESTION # 105
As a repository owner, you do not want to run a GitHub Actions workflow when changes are made to any .txt or markdown files. How would you adjust the event trigger for a pull request that targets the main branch?
(Each answer presents part of the solution. Choose three.)
* on:
* pull_request:
* branches: [main]

Answer: B,D,E

Explanation:
To exclude .txt and .md files from triggering workflows on pull requests to the main branch:
* on: defines the event (e.g., pull_request)
* pull_request: is the trigger
* paths-ignore: is the key used to ignore file patterns
Example YAML:
yaml
CopyEdit
on:
pull_request:
branches:
- main
paths-ignore:
- '*.md'
- '*.txt'
Using paths: would include only specific files instead - not exclude. paths-ignore: is correct here.
: GitHub Docs - Workflow Syntax for GitHub Actions


NEW QUESTION # 106
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