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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Governance, Risk, and Compliance | 20% | - Enterprise risk management
|
| Security Engineering | 31% | - Security controls and countermeasures
|
| Security Architecture | 27% | - Security for emerging technologies
|
| Security Operations | 22% | - Incident response and management
|
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NEW QUESTION # 130
Emails that the marketing department is sending to customers are pomp to the customers' spam folders. The security team is investigating the issue and discovers that the certificates used by the email server were reissued, but DNS records had not been updated. Which of the following should the security team update in order to fix this issue? (Select three.)
Answer: B,F,H
Explanation:
To prevent emails from being marked as spam, several DNS records related to email authentication need to be properly configured and updated when there are changes to the email server's certificates:
A: DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance): DMARC records help email servers determine how to handle messages that fail SPF or DKIM checks, improving email deliverability and reducing the likelihood of emails being marked as spam.
B: SPF (Sender Policy Framework): SPF records specify which mail servers are authorized to send email on behalf of your domain. Updating the SPF record ensures that the new email server is recognized as an authorized sender.
C: DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail): DKIM adds a digital signature to email headers, allowing the receiving server to verify that the email has not been tampered with and is from an authorized sender.
Updating DKIM records ensures that emails are properly signed and authenticated.
D: DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security Extensions): DNSSEC adds security to DNS by enabling DNS responses to be verified. While important for DNS security, it does not directly address the issue of emails being marked as spam.
E: SASC: This is not a relevant standard for this scenario.
F: SAN (Subject Alternative Name): SAN is used in SSL/TLS certificates for securing multiple domain names, not for email delivery issues.
G: SOA (Start of Authority): SOA records are used for DNS zone administration and do not directly impact email deliverability.
H: MX (Mail Exchange): MX records specify the mail servers responsible for receiving email on behalf of a domain. While important, the primary issue here is the authentication of outgoing emails, which is handled by SPF, DKIM, and DMARC.
NEW QUESTION # 131
A security engineer is reviewing event logs because an employee successfully connected a personal Windows laptop to the corporate network, which is against company policy. Company policy allows all Windows 10 and 11 laptops to connect to the system as long as the MDM agent installed by IT is running. Only compliant devices can connect, and the logic in the system to evaluate compliant laptops is as follows:
Which of the following most likely occurred when the employee connected a personally owned Windows laptop and was allowed on the network?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The provided logic checks for compliance based on the OsVersionand whether the agentRunningis true. Here's how the logic works:
1. If OsVersion >= 10:
- If agentRunningis true, the device is compliant.
- If agentRunningis false, the device is non-compliant.
2. Else (if OsVersion < 10):
- The device is marked as compliant.
This logic means that laptops with an OS version below 10 are mistakenly considered compliant, which is a false negative because they do not meet the policy requirement. This is likely how the employee's laptop, running a version of Windows below 10, was able to connect to the network against policy.
NEW QUESTION # 132
You are tasked with integrating a new B2B client application with an existing OAuth workflow that must meet the following requirements:
. The application does not need to know the users' credentials.
. An approval interaction between the users and the HTTP service must be orchestrated.
. The application must have limited access to users' data.
INSTRUCTIONS
Use the drop-down menus to select the action items for the appropriate locations. All placeholders must be filled.
Answer:
Explanation:
Select the Action Items for the Appropriate Locations:
* Authorization Server:
* Action Item: Grant access
* Explanation: The authorization server's role is to authenticate the user and then issue an authorization code or token that the client application can use to access resources. Granting access involves the server authenticating the resource owner and providing the necessary tokens for the client application.
* Resource Server:
* Action Item: Access issued tokens
* Explanation: The resource server is responsible for serving the resources requested by the client application. It must verify the issued tokens from the authorization server to ensure the client has the right permissions to access the requested data.
* B2B Client Application:
* Action Item: Authorize access to other applications
* Explanation: The B2B client application must handle the OAuth flow to authorize access on behalf of the user without requiring direct knowledge of the user's credentials. This includes obtaining authorization tokens from the authorization server and using them to request access to the resource server.
Detailed Explanation:
OAuth 2.0 is designed to provide specific authorization flows for web applications, desktop applications, mobile phones, and living room devices. The integration involves multiple steps and components, including:
* Resource Owner (User):
* The user owns the data and resources that are being accessed.
* Client Application (B2B Client Application):
* Requests access to the resources controlled by the resource owner but does not directly handle the user's credentials. Instead, it uses tokens obtained through the OAuth flow.
* Authorization Server:
* Handles the authentication of the resource owner and issues the access tokens to the client application upon successful authentication.
* Resource Server:
* Hosts the resources that the client application wants to access. It verifies the access tokens issued by the authorization server before granting access to the resources.
OAuth Workflow:
* The resource owner accesses the client application.
* The client application redirects the resource owner to the authorization server for authentication.
* The authorization server authenticates the resource owner and asks for consent to grant access to the client application.
* Upon consent, the authorization server issues an authorization code or token to the client application.
* The client application uses the authorization code or token to request access to the resources from the resource server.
* The resource server verifies the token with the authorization server and, if valid, grants access to the requested resources.
References:
* CompTIA Security+ Study Guide: Provides comprehensive information on various authentication and authorization protocols, including OAuth.
* OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework (RFC 6749): The official documentation detailing the OAuth 2.0 framework, its flows, and components.
* OAuth 2.0 Simplified: A book by Aaron Parecki that provides a detailed yet easy-to-understand explanation of the OAuth 2.0 protocol.
By ensuring that each component in the OAuth workflow performs its designated role, the B2B client application can securely access the necessary resources without compromising user credentials, adhering to the principle of least privilege.
NEW QUESTION # 133
A security analystreviews the following report:
Which of the following assessments is the analyst performing?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The table shows detailed information about products, includinglocation, chassis manufacturer, OS, application developer, and vendor. This type of information is typically assessed in a supply chain assessment to evaluate the security and reliability of components and services from different suppliers.
Why Supply Chain Assessment?
Component Evaluation: Assessing the origin and security of each component used in the products, including hardware, software, and third-party services.
Risk Management: Identifying potential risks associated with the supply chain, such as vulnerabilities in third-party components or insecure development practices.
Other types of assessments do not align with the detailed supplier and component information provided:
A . System: Focuses on individual system security, not the broader supply chain.
C . Quantitative: Focuses on numerical risk assessments, not supplier information.
D . Organizational: Focuses on internal organizational practices, not external suppliers.
Reference:
CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide
NIST Special Publication 800-161, "Supply Chain Risk Management Practices for Federal Information Systems and Organizations"
"Supply Chain Security Best Practices," Gartner Research
NEW QUESTION # 134
A security analyst received a report that an internal web page is down after a company-wide update to the web browser Given the following error message:
Which of the following is the best way to fix this issue?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The error message"NET::ERR_CERT_WEAK_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM" indicates that the web browser is rejecting the certificate because it uses a weak signature algorithm. This commonly happens with self-signed certificates, which often use outdated or insecure algorithms.
Why Discontinue Self-Signed Certificates?
Security Compliance: Modern browsers enforce strict security standards and may reject certificates that do not comply with these standards.
Trusted Certificates: Using certificates from a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) ensures compliance with security standards and is less likely to be flagged as insecure.
Weak Signature Algorithm: Self-signed certificates might use weak algorithms like MD5 or SHA-1, which are considered insecure.
Other options do not address the specific cause of the certificate error:
A). Rewriting legacy web functions: Does not address the certificate issue.
B). Disabling deprecated ciphers: Useful for improving security but not related to the certificate error.
C). Blocking non-essential ports: This is unrelated to the issue of certificate validation.
References:
CompTIA SecurityX Study Guide
"Managing SSL/TLS Certificates," OWASP
"Best Practices for Certificate Management," NIST Special Publication 800-57
NEW QUESTION # 135
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