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Amazon SCS-C03 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Topic 1: Identity and Access Management20%- Monitor and audit access activity
  • 1. Detect and remediate excessive permissions
  • 2. Review access logs and reports
- Secure authentication and authorization
  • 1. Manage federated access
  • 2. Integrate with external identity providers
  • 3. Implement multi-factor authentication
- Design and implement secure access strategies
  • 1. Implement least privilege access models
  • 2. Manage identities and permissions at scale
  • 3. Use IAM policies, roles, and permissions boundaries
Topic 2: Incident Response14%- Develop incident response plans and procedures
  • 1. Define roles and responsibilities
  • 2. Establish communication and escalation processes
- Investigate and remediate security incidents
  • 1. Conduct forensic analysis on AWS resources
  • 2. Contain, eradicate, and recover from incidents
- Implement post-incident activities
  • 1. Update security controls and processes
  • 2. Document lessons learned
Topic 3: Data Protection18%- Design and implement data protection strategies
  • 1. Classify and categorize data
  • 2. Define data retention and disposal policies
- Implement encryption and key management
  • 1. Manage encryption keys using AWS KMS and CloudHSM
  • 2. Encrypt data across all storage and processing layers
- Secure data access and sharing
  • 1. Implement secure data transfer and sharing mechanisms
  • 2. Control access to sensitive data
Topic 4: Infrastructure Security18%- Protect workloads and applications
  • 1. Secure containerized and serverless environments
  • 2. Implement security groups and firewalls
- Design and implement secure network architecture
  • 1. Secure VPC design and configuration
  • 2. Protect network traffic and communications
  • 3. Implement network access control and segmentation
- Secure compute and storage resources
  • 1. Manage access to storage services
  • 2. Harden operating systems and applications
  • 3. Encrypt data at rest and in transit
Topic 5: Security Foundations and Governance14%- Manage security risk and compliance
  • 1. Perform risk assessments and audits
  • 2. Implement compliance controls and reporting
- Establish security frameworks and compliance
  • 1. Implement security policies and standards
  • 2. Align with industry standards and regulations
- Secure development and operations
  • 1. Implement security as code
  • 2. Integrate security into CI/CD pipelines
Topic 6: Detection16%- Design and implement threat detection mechanisms
  • 1. Configure and manage log collection and analysis
  • 2. Use AWS security services for monitoring and alerting
  • 3. Detect anomalies and potential security incidents
- Automate detection and response workflows
  • 1. Integrate security tools and services
  • 2. Implement event-driven security automation

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Amazon AWS Certified Security - Specialty Sample Questions (Q20-Q25):

NEW QUESTION # 20
A company has a large fleet of Amazon Linux 2 Amazon EC2 instances that run an application. The application processes sensitive data and has the following compliance requirements:
* No remote access management ports to the EC2 instances can be exposed internally or externally.
* All remote session activity must be recorded in an audit log.
* All remote access to the EC2 instances must be authenticated and authorized by AWS IAM Identity Center.
The company's DevOps team occasionally needs to connect to one of the EC2 instances to troubleshoot issues.
Which solution will provide remote access to the EC2 instances while meeting the compliance requirements?

Answer: B

Explanation:
AWS Systems Manager Session Manager providessecure, auditable, and portless accessto EC2 instances.
According to the AWS Certified Security - Specialty Study Guide, Session Manager allows administrators to connect to instanceswithout opening inbound SSH or RDP ports, fully satisfying strict compliance requirements.
Session Manager integrates directly withAWS IAM Identity Center, ensuring that all access is authenticated and authorized using centralized identity management. Additionally, Session Manager automatically records session activity and can send logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs or Amazon S3, providing a complete audit trail of all commands executed during a session.
Option A (EC2 serial console) does not provide comprehensive auditing and is intended for recovery scenarios. Option B requires inbound network access and security group rules, violating the "no exposed management ports" requirement. Option D explicitly opens ports, which directly violates compliance constraints.
AWS documentation clearly identifiesSystems Manager Session Manager as the recommended solution for secure, auditable, and identity-integrated instance accessin regulated environments.
* AWS Certified Security - Specialty Official Study Guide
* AWS Systems Manager Session Manager Documentation
* AWS IAM Identity Center Best Practices


NEW QUESTION # 21
A security engineer receives a notice about suspicious activity from a Linux-based Amazon EC2 instance that uses Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)-based storage. The instance is making connections to known malicious addresses.
The instance is in a development account within a VPC that is in the us-east-1 Region. The VPC contains an internet gateway and has a subnet in us-east-1a and us-east-1b. Each subnet is associated with a route table that uses the internet gateway as a default route. Each subnet also uses the default network ACL. The suspicious EC2 instance runs within the us-east-1b subnet.
During an initial investigation, a security engineer discovers that the suspicious instance is the only instance that runs in the subnet.
Which response will immediately mitigate the attack and help investigate the root cause?

Answer: D

Explanation:
AWS incident response best practices emphasize immediate containment, preservation of evidence, and safe forensic investigation. According to the AWS Certified Security - Specialty Study Guide, when an EC2 instance is suspected of compromise, security teams should avoid logging in to the instance or installing additional tools, as these actions can alter evidence and increase risk.
Terminating the compromised instance after ensuring that its Amazon EBS volumes are preserved prevents further malicious activity immediately. By setting the EBS volumes to not delete on termination, all disk data is retained for forensic analysis. Launching a new, clean EC2 instance in a different subnet or Availability Zone with preinstalled diagnostic tools allows investigators to safely attach and analyze the compromised volumes without executing potentially malicious code.
Option A introduces significant risk by logging in to the compromised instance and modifying security controls during active compromise. Option B delays containment and allows continued outbound traffic during investigation steps. Option D is invalid because AWS WAF cannot be attached directly to Amazon EC2 instances and does not control outbound traffic.
AWS documentation strongly recommends isolating or terminating compromised resources and performing offline analysis using detached storage volumes. This approach ensures immediate mitigation, preserves forensic integrity, and aligns with AWS incident response frameworks.


NEW QUESTION # 22
A security engineer received an Amazon GuardDuty alert indicating a finding involving the Amazon EC2 instance that hosts the company ' s primary website. The GuardDuty finding received read:
UnauthorizedAccess:IAMUser/InstanceCredentialExfiltration. The security engineer confirmed that a malicious actor used API access keys intended for the EC2 instance from a country where the company does not operate. The security engineer needs to deny access to the malicious actor.
What is the first step the security engineer should take?

Answer: B

Explanation:
The findingInstanceCredentialExfiltrationindicates that credentials available to the EC2 instance (from the instance profile / IMDS) were likely stolen and then used from an unusual location. The fastest way todeny the malicious actor immediatelyis to invalidate the stolen, currently usable credentials. Because these aretemporary credentialsissued to the instance profile role, the correct first containment action is torevoke active sessionsfor that role so the stolen session credentials stop working. This directly blocks continued API use while you continue investigation and remediation.
Changing security groups (Option A) affects inbound network access to the website but does not stop an attacker from using stolen API credentials against AWS APIs. Installing agents and running assessments (Options B and C) are investigative steps that take time and do not immediately cut off the attacker's current access. After revoking sessions, best practice incident response typically continues with additional containment and eradication steps such as rotating credentials, reviewing CloudTrail for actions taken, checking for persistence (new IAM users/keys, modified policies), patching the instance, and restricting IMDS (for example, enforcing IMDSv2) to reduce risk of further credential theft.


NEW QUESTION # 23
A company uses several AWS CloudFormation stacks to handle the deployment of a suite of applications. The leader of the company's application development team notices that the stack deployments fail with permission errors when some team members try to deploy the stacks.
However, other team members can deploy the stacks successfully.
The team members access the account by assuming a role that has a specific set of permissions.
All team members have permissions to perform operations on the stacks.
Which combination of steps will ensure consistent deployment of the stacks MOST securely?
(Select THREE.)

Answer: A,B,E

Explanation:
AWS CloudFormation supports the use of a service role, which allows CloudFormation to assume a dedicated IAM role to create and manage resources on behalf of users. According to the AWS Certified Security - Specialty Study Guide, using a service role is the most secure and consistent way to ensure predictable stack deployments when users have varying permission sets.
By creating a service role with cloudformation.amazonaws.com as the trusted service principal (Option B), CloudFormation--not individual users--assumes responsibility for resource creation.
Updating each stack to explicitly use this service role (Option E) ensures that all deployments use the same permission set, eliminating inconsistencies.
Granting the team members permission to pass the service role via iam:PassRole (Option F) is required so that CloudFormation can assume the role during stack operations. This approach adheres to the principle of least privilege and prevents users from gaining direct access to elevated permissions.


NEW QUESTION # 24
A company uses several AWS CloudFormation stacks to handle the deployment of a suite of applications.
The leader of the company's application development team notices that the stack deployments fail with permission errors when some team members try to deploy the stacks. However, other team members can deploy the stacks successfully.
The team members access the account by assuming a role that has a specific set of permissions. All team members have permissions to perform operations on the stacks.
Which combination of steps will ensure consistent deployment of the stacksMOST securely? (Select THREE.)

Answer: A,B,E

Explanation:
AWS CloudFormation supports the use of aservice role, which allows CloudFormation to assume a dedicated IAM role to create and manage resources on behalf of users. According to the AWS Certified Security - Specialty Study Guide, using a service role is themost secure and consistent wayto ensure predictable stack deployments when users have varying permission sets.
By creating a service role with cloudformation.amazonaws.com as the trusted service principal (Option B), CloudFormation-not individual users-assumes responsibility for resource creation. Updating each stack to explicitly use this service role (Option E) ensures that all deployments use the same permission set, eliminating inconsistencies.
Granting the team members permission to pass the service role via iam:PassRole (Option F) is required so that CloudFormation can assume the role during stack operations. This approach adheres to the principle of least privilege and prevents users from gaining direct access to elevated permissions.
Composite principals (Option A) are unnecessary and insecure. Referencing stack ARNs (Option C) does not solve the root cause. While Option D reflects good policy design, it is implicit in creating the service role and is not a required standalone step.
AWS documentation clearly identifiesCloudFormation service roles combined with iam:PassRoleas best practice for secure, consistent infrastructure deployments.
* AWS Certified Security - Specialty Official Study Guide
* AWS CloudFormation Service Role Documentation
* AWS IAM Best Practices


NEW QUESTION # 25
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