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Databricks Certified-Data-Engineer-Professional Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Objectives
Ensuring Data Security and Compliance	- Compliance 1. Implement pipelines that detect and mask personally identifiable information 2. Develop data purging solutions according to data retention policies - Data Security 1. Use ACLs to secure workspace objects and enforce least privilege 2. Use row filters and column masks for sensitive data 3. Apply anonymization and pseudonymization techniques
Data Governance	- Metadata and Discoverability 1. Create and maintain descriptions and metadata for enterprise data - Unity Catalog Permissions 1. Understand the Unity Catalog permission inheritance model
Data Sharing and Federation	- Lakehouse Federation 1. Configure Lakehouse Federation with appropriate governance - Delta Sharing 1. Configure Databricks-to-Databricks Sharing 2. Configure sharing with external platforms using the open sharing protocol 3. Share live Lakehouse data with external computing platforms
Debugging and Deploying	- Deploying CI/CD 1. Build and deploy Databricks resources using Databricks Asset Bundles 2. Integrate Git-based CI/CD workflows using Databricks Git Folders - Debugging and Troubleshooting 1. Use Lakeflow Spark Declarative Pipelines event logs and Spark UI for debugging 2. Analyze errors and remediate failed job runs 3. Use Spark UI, cluster logs, system tables, and query profiles for diagnostics
Monitoring and Alerting	- Monitoring 1. Use Databricks REST APIs and CLI for monitoring jobs and pipelines 2. Use system tables for resource, cost, audit, and workload monitoring 3. Use Lakeflow Spark Declarative Pipelines event logs for monitoring 4. Use Query Profiler and Spark UI to monitor workloads - Alerting 1. Use SQL Alerts for data quality monitoring 2. Configure Lakeflow Jobs notifications for job status and performance issues
Developing Code for Data Processing using Python and SQL	- Building and Testing ETL Pipelines 1. Build production-ready batch and streaming pipelines using Lakeflow Spark Declarative Pipelines and Auto Loader 2. Use APPLY CHANGES APIs for change data capture 3. Compare streaming tables and materialized views 4. Use control flow operators in pipeline components 5. Develop unit and integration tests for data processing code 6. Create and automate ETL workloads using Jobs through UI, APIs, and CLI 7. Configure environments, dependencies, memory, and retry behavior 8. Compare Spark Structured Streaming and Lakeflow Spark Declarative Pipelines - Using Python and Tools for Development 1. Manage and troubleshoot third-party library installations and dependencies 2. Design and implement scalable Python project structures optimized for Databricks Asset Bundles 3. Develop User-Defined Functions using Pandas/Python UDFs
Data Modelling	- Dimensional Modelling 1. Design dimensional models for analytical workloads - Scalable Data Models 1. Optimize data layout using Liquid Clustering 2. Design and implement scalable data models using Delta Lake 3. Understand Liquid Clustering versus partitioning and Z-Ordering
Data Transformation, Cleansing, and Quality	- Advanced Data Transformation 1. Write efficient Spark SQL and PySpark transformations 2. Apply window functions, joins, and aggregations to large datasets - Data Quality 1. Apply data quality controls using Lakeflow Spark Declarative Pipelines or Auto Loader 2. Develop data quarantining processes for invalid data
Data Ingestion & Acquisition	- Design and implement data ingestion pipelines 1. Build append-only pipelines for batch and streaming data using Delta 2. Ingest data from message buses and cloud storage 3. Ingest Delta Lake, Parquet, ORC, Avro, JSON, CSV, XML, Text, and Binary data
Cost & Performance Optimisation	- Query Performance 1. Use Query Profile to identify performance bottlenecks 2. Identify inefficient joins and excessive data shuffling - Delta Optimization 1. Understand deletion vectors and liquid clustering 2. Use Change Data Feed to address streaming table limitations and improve latency 3. Apply data skipping and file pruning techniques - Cost Optimization 1. Understand how Unity Catalog managed tables reduce operational overhead

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Databricks Certified Data Engineer Professional 認定 Certified-Data-Engineer-Professional 試験問題 (Q102-Q107):

質問 # 102
A platform engineer is creating catalogs and schemas for the development team to use.
The engineer has created an initial catalog, catalog_A, and initial schema, schema_A. The engineer has also granted USE CATALOG, USE SCHEMA, and CREATE TABLE to the development team so that the engineer can begin populating the schema with new tables.
Despite being owner of the catalog and schema, the engineer noticed that they do not have access to the underlying tables in Schema_A.
What explains the engineer's lack of access to the underlying tables?

A. Users granted with USE CATALOG can modify the owner's permissions to downstream tables.
B. Permissions explicitly given by the table creator are the only way the Platform Engineer could access the underlying tables in their schema.
C. The platform engineer needs to execute a REFRESH statement as the table permissions did not automatically update for owners.
D. The owner of the schema does not automatically have permission to tables within the schema, but can grant them to themselves at any point.

正解：D

解説：
In Databricks, owning a catalog or schema does not automatically grant access to the tables within it. Table-level permissions are separate, so even the schema or catalog owner must be explicitly granted privileges on individual tables or use the ability to grant themselves access.

質問 # 103
Spill occurs as a result of executing various wide transformations. However, diagnosing spill requires one to proactively look for key indicators.
Where in the Spark UI are two of the primary indicators that a partition is spilling to disk?

A. Driver's and Executor's log files
B. Stage's detail screen and Query's detail screen
C. Executor's detail screen and Executor's log files
D. Stage's detail screen and Executor's log files
E. Query's detail screen and Job's detail screen

正解：D

解説：
In the Spark UI, the Stage's detail screen provides key metrics about each stage of a job, including the amount of data that has been spilled to disk. If you see a high number in the "Spill (Memory)" or "Spill (Disk)" columns, it's an indication that a partition is spilling to disk.
The Executor's log files can also provide valuable information about spill. If a task is spilling a lot of data, you'll see messages in the logs like "Spilling UnsafeExternalSorter to disk" or "Task memory spill". These messages indicate that the task ran out of memory and had to spill data to disk.

質問 # 104
A data engineer has configured their Databricks Asset Bundle with multiple targets in databricks.yml and deployed it to the production workspace. Now, to validate the deployment, they need to invoke a job named my_project_job specifically within the prod target context.
Assuming the job is already deployed, they need to trigger its execution while ensuring the target- specific configuration is respected. Which command will trigger the job execution?

A. databricks bundle run my_project_job -t prod
B. databricks execute my_project_job -e prod
C. databricks run my_project_job -t prod
D. databricks job run my_project_job --env prod

正解：A

解説：
Databricks Asset Bundles (DABs) enable declarative configuration and deployment of Databricks resources such as jobs, pipelines, and dashboards across multiple environments.
Once deployed, jobs can be executed in a specific target context using the databricks bundle run command, which ensures all environment-specific configurations from the bundle definition (such as parameters, cluster settings, and workspace URLs) are respected.
The -t flag specifies the target environment (e.g., dev, staging, or prod). This ensures that the execution runs with the correct configuration defined under that target in databricks.yml.
Other options (A, B, and C) are invalid because they reference deprecated or incorrect command syntax that doesn't integrate with bundle targets. Therefore, D is the correct and verified answer.

質問 # 105
A data engineering team is migrating off its legacy Hadoop platform. As part of the process, they are evaluating storage formats for performance comparison. The legacy platform uses ORC and RCFile formats. After converting a subset of data to Delta Lake, they noticed significantly better query performance. Upon investigation, they discovered that queries reading from Delta tables leveraged a Shuffle Hash Join, whereas queries on legacy formats used Sort Merge Joins. The queries reading Delta Lake data also scanned less data. Which reason could be attributed to the difference in query performance?

A. Delta Lake enables data skipping and file pruning using a vectorized Parquet reader.
B. Shuffle Hash Joins are always more efficient than Sort Merge Joins.
C. The queries against the ORC tables leveraged the dynamic data skipping optimization but not the dynamic file pruning optimization.
D. The queries against the Delta Lake tables were able to leverage the dynamic file pruning optimization.

正解：A

解説：
Delta Lake outperforms legacy Hadoop formats because it leverages Parquet-based storage, data skipping, and file pruning. According to Databricks documentation, Delta Lake automatically stores detailed statistics (min/max values and file-level metadata) in the transaction log. During query planning, the engine uses these statistics to skip entire files that do not match query filters, a process called data skipping and file pruning. Additionally, Delta uses a vectorized Parquet reader, which reduces I/O and CPU overhead. Together, these optimizations allow Delta to scan significantly less data and produce more efficient physical query plans (e.g., Shuffle Hash Join instead of Sort Merge Join). The performance gain is due to efficient data skipping, not the inherent superiority of join type.

質問 # 106
An hourly batch job is configured to ingest data files from a cloud object storage container where each batch represent all records produced by the source system in a given hour. The batch job to process these records into the Lakehouse is sufficiently delayed to ensure no late-arriving data is missed. The user_id field represents a unique key for the data, which has the following schema:
user_id BIGINT, username STRING, user_utc STRING, user_region STRING, last_login BIGINT, auto_pay BOOLEAN, last_updated BIGINT New records are all ingested into a table named account_history which maintains a full record of all data in the same schema as the source. The next table in the system is named account_current and is implemented as a Type 1 table representing the most recent value for each unique user_id.
Assuming there are millions of user accounts and tens of thousands of records processed hourly, which implementation can be used to efficiently update the described account_current table as part of each hourly batch job?

A. Filter records in account history using the last updated field and the most recent hour processed, as well as the max last iogin by user id write a merge statement to update or insert the most recent value for each user id.
B. Use Delta Lake version history to get the difference between the latest version of account history and one version prior, then write these records to account current.
C. Filter records in account history using the last updated field and the most recent hour processed, making sure to deduplicate on username; write a merge statement to update or insert the most recent value for each username.
D. Use Auto Loader to subscribe to new files in the account history directory; configure a Structured Streaminq trigger once job to batch update newly detected files into the account current table.
E. Overwrite the account current table with each batch using the results of a query against the account history table grouping by user id and filtering for the max value of last updated.

正解：A

解説：
This is the correct answer because it efficiently updates the account current table with only the most recent value for each user id. The code filters records in account history using the last updated field and the most recent hour processed, which means it will only process the latest batch of data. It also filters by the max last login by user id, which means it will only keep the most recent record for each user id within that batch. Then, it writes a merge statement to update or insert the most recent value for each user id into account current, which means it will perform an upsert operation based on the user id column.

質問 # 107
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