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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Enterprise Firewall | - Advanced firewall deployment - Authentication and identity - Centralized management and analytics - High availability - Troubleshooting - VPN technologies - Routing and advanced networking - Security Fabric integration |
| Topic 2: SD-WAN | - Application steering - SD-WAN architecture - Performance SLA - SD-WAN routing - Deployment and troubleshooting - Overlay VPN |
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NEW QUESTION # 137
Which two statements about an auxiliary session ate true? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Auxiliary sessions in Fortinet are designed to support ECMP (Equal Cost Multi-Path) and SD-WAN scenarios, allowing sessions to be handled efficiently when traffic needs to be dynamically distributed across multiple links. With the auxiliary session setting enabled, FortiGate creates additional session table entries for each possible path in ECMP or SD-WAN-meaning that if the routing path changes (such as a link failover), a new session can be immediately activated and offloaded to the NP6 network processor for acceleration, ensuring minimal disruption. This greatly benefits high-throughput deployments.
Official documentation specifies that when auxiliary sessions are enabled, FortiGate doesn't just rely on dynamically creating new sessions after a routing event, it proactively creates sessions for all potential paths.
This means that in the event of a route change, two sessions exist and the traffic is quickly re-routed and offloaded, maximizing performance and reliability. Without this feature, multiple paths cannot be efficiently offloaded, and routing changes trigger a single session update, reducing failover performance.
References:
FortiOS Handbook: Session Table, ECMP, SD-WAN, and Auxiliary Sessions
FortiGate NP6 Acceleration Guide: Auxiliary Session Behavior
NEW QUESTION # 138
Refer to the exhibit.
The output of a BGP debug command is shown.
Why has the local router at 172.16.23.58 been unable to establish adjacency with its only neighbor?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct answer is C.
The exhibit shows the neighbor state as Connect in the State/PfxRcd column. The study guide explains the BGP states exactly as follows:
"Connect: Waiting for a successful three-way TCP connection"
"OpenSent: Waiting for an OPEN message from the peer"
"Established: Peers have successfully exchanged OPEN and keepalive messages" Because the router is still in Connect state, the TCP three-way handshake has not completed yet. In practical terms, the local router has sent the TCP SYN but has not successfully received the SYN/ACK needed to complete the handshake. That is why C is correct.
Why the other options are wrong:
A is wrong because the message counters alone do not prove that the neighbor is unreachable. The study guide says the State/PfxRcd field shows the BGP state when the session is not established, and here that state is specifically Connect B is wrong because waiting for an OPEN message happens in OpenSent, not Connect D is not the best answer for this output. The study guide ties the displayed state directly to the protocol phase:
Connect means the device is still waiting for a successful TCP handshake So the verified answer is: C.
NEW QUESTION # 139
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of diagnose sys session list.
If the HA ID for the primary device is 0, what happens if the primary fails and the secondary becomes the primary?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The decisive session-state flag is synced. Fortinet defines this flag as indicating that the session has been synchronized to the other HA members. The session was created on HA member 0, and a synchronized copy is available to the secondary device.
The FortiOS 7.6 Administrator Study Guide states: "When you enable session synchronization, the new primary can resume communication for sessions after a failover event." It further explains that session pickup allows existing sessions to continue through the newly elected primary with minimal or no interruption.
Therefore, the established TCP session remains usable, and the client does not need to establish a new connection.
The may_dirty flag does not mean that the session is currently dirty. It identifies an allowed session that can be marked dirty later if a firewall-policy, routing, or related configuration change requires re- evaluation. The output does not contain the separate dirty flag. Additionally, app_ntf represents block-notification handling; it does not prove that application control is inspecting the session. The fields app_list=0 and app=0 reinforce this.
The allow_err values are session statistics and do not cause session deletion. Although act=snat and act=dnat confirm NAT, the translation tuples are part of the synchronized session state and do not independently require re-evaluation after FGCP failover.
References: High Availability - Cluster Synchronization and HA Failover , pages 456 and 463; Fortinet: HA session failover ; Fortinet: Session-table information .
NEW QUESTION # 140
While troubleshooting a FortiGate web filter issue, users report that they cannot access any websites, even though those sites are not explicitly blocked by any web filter profiles that are applied to firewall policies.
What are the three most likely reasons for this behavior? (Choose three answers)
Answer: A,C,E
Explanation:
The reported symptom-users unable to access any websites despite no explicit blocks in the profile-points to systemic connectivity or configuration issues rather than specific URL filtering rules.
Option B (SSL/TLS Inspection): When Deep Inspection is enabled, the FortiGate acts as a Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) and re-signs server certificates using its own CA. If the clients (browsers) do not trust this CA (i.e., the certificate is not installed in their Trusted Root store), they will reject the connection with certificate errors, effectively preventing access to all HTTPS websites.
Option D (DNS): Web browsing relies on DNS resolution. If the configured DNS server is unreachable or failing, the FortiGate (or the client) cannot resolve FQDNs to IP addresses. Consequently, browsers will fail to load any page, resulting in a total loss of web access.
Option E (License): If the FortiGuard Web Filtering license expires, the FortiGate can no longer query the FortiGuard Distribution Network (FDN) for ratings. By default, or if the allow-when-rating-error setting is disabled (a common security practice), the FortiGate will block all web traffic that it cannot rate, often displaying a " Web Filter Service Error " or invalid license page.
Option A is incorrect because clearing the cache only increases latency, it does not block traffic. Option C is incorrect because webfilter-force-off is typically used to disable the service (often allowing traffic to bypass checks if the service is down), rather than blocking it.
NEW QUESTION # 141
Which statement about protocol options is true?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 142
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