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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 | 30% | - General requirements and ISMS scope definition
|
| Information Security Controls (ISO/IEC 27002:2022) | 25% | - Control categories and implementation guidance
|
| Fundamental Concepts of Information Security | 15% | - Overview of ISO/IEC 27000 family of standards
|
| Auditing Principles and Practices | 30% | - Audit preparation and planning
|
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NEW QUESTION # 157
在定義以下內容時，評估與不合格和不遵守法律和合約要求相關的成本：
Answer: B
Explanation:
Materiality in the context of an audit involves assessing what level of nonconformities or failures, including those related to legal and contractual compliance, would be significant enough to affect the audit conclusions. Costs related to these issues are considered when determining materiality.
NEW QUESTION # 158
完成第一階段並準備第二階段初步認證審核後，受審核方通知審核小組負責人，他們希望擴大審核範圍，以包括該組織最近收購的另外兩個場所。
考慮到這些訊息，您希望審計小組負責人採取什麼行動？
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 17021-1, which specifies the requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems, a certification body should establish criteria for determining audit time and audit team composition based on factors such as the scope of certification, size and complexity of the organization, risks associated with its activities, etc2. Therefore, if an auditee requests to extend the audit scope to include two additional sites after completing Stage 1 of an initial certification audit, the audit team leader should obtain information about the additional sites to inform the certification body, so that they can review and approve the change in scope and adjust the audit time and audit team accordingly2. The other options are not appropriate actions for the audit team leader to take in this situation. For example, increasing the length of the Stage 2 audit to include the extra sites without informing the certification body may violate their procedures and policies; arranging to complete a remote Stage 1 audit of the two sites using a video conferencing platform may not be feasible or effective depending on the nature and location of the sites; and informing the auditee that the request can be accepted but a full Stage 1 audit must be repeated may not be necessary or reasonable if there are no significant changes in the auditee's ISMS since Stage 12. Reference: ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 - Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems - Part 1: Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 159
情境二
Knight 是一家總部位於美國北加州的電子公司，主要開發電視遊戲機。
Knight在全球擁有超過300名員工，值此五週年之際，公司推出了面向國際市場的新一代遊戲主機G-Console。 G-Console被譽為2021年的終極多媒體設備，將為玩家帶來最佳遊戲體驗。主機組包含一副VR頭戴裝置、兩款遊戲以及其他贈品。
多年來，該公司憑藉誠信、正直和尊重客戶的良好聲譽而備受讚譽。除了是一家以客戶為中心的公司外，Knight 還因其卓越的產品品質在遊戲產業中贏得了廣泛的認可。
身為全球領先的遊戲主機開發者之一，Knight 經常成為惡意攻擊的目標。因此，該公司實施了基於 ISO/IEC 27001 的資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS)，並透過每週例會向員工傳達了該系統的適用範圍。
然而，最近 Knight 公司遭遇了一次安全漏洞，駭客洩漏了專有資訊。作為應對，事件回應小組 (IRT) 立即對系統和事件細節展開了徹底調查。最初，IRT 懷疑員工可能使用了弱密碼，導致駭客輕易存取了他們的帳戶。進一步調查發現，駭客截獲了檔案傳輸協定 (FTP) 的流量，該協定使用明文密碼進行身份驗證來傳輸資料。
鑑於此安全事件，並根據 IRT 的建議，Knight 決定以安全外殼協定 (SSH) 取代 FTP。此變更確保所有擷取的流量都經過加密，從而顯著提升安全性。
在實施這些變更後，奈特公司進行了風險評估，以驗證控制措施的實施是否已將類似事件的風險降至最低。根據風險評估結果，他們選擇了一種風險處理方案來應對風險。
問題
根據情境2，風險處理方案是根據風險評估結果來決定的。這種做法是否可以接受？
Answer: A
Explanation:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 explicitly requires that risk treatment decisions be based on the results of the information security risk assessment. Clause 6.1.3 states that, after completing a risk assessment, the organization shall determine appropriate risk treatment options and select controls to implement those options.
This ensures that controls are proportionate, justified, and aligned with actual information security risks rather than arbitrary or purely cost-driven decisions.
In the scenario, Knight conducted a risk assessment after implementing SSH to replace FTP and then chose a risk treatment option based on the assessment results. This approach is fully compliant with ISO/IEC 27001.
The organization first identified the risk, implemented a control to address the vulnerability, and then reassessed the residual risk to confirm whether it was reduced to an acceptable level. This demonstrates a structured and systematic risk management process.
Option B is incorrect because ISO/IEC 27001 does not allow financial considerations to override risk assessment outcomes. While cost is a factor, it must be balanced against the risk and potential impact. Option C is incorrect because random selection of risk treatment options contradicts the fundamental principles of risk-based decision-making and would undermine the effectiveness of the ISMS.
Therefore, selecting a risk treatment option based on risk assessment results is not only acceptable but required under ISO/IEC 27001:2022.
NEW QUESTION # 160
您詢問IT經理，既然個人資料加密和匿名化測試失敗，為什麼公司仍然繼續使用該行動應用程式。此外，您也詢問服務經理是否有權批准測試。
IT經理解釋說，根據軟體安全管理流程，測試結果需要他批准。加密和匿名化功能失敗的原因是這些功能嚴重降低了系統和服務效能，需要額外150%的資源來彌補。服務經理認為存取控制已經足夠完善，可以接受，因此簽署了批准文件。
您正在準備審計結果。請選擇正確選項。
* 存在不符合項(NC)。組織和開發人員均未執行驗收測試。
(與第 8.1 條相關，控制 A.8.29)
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 8.30, the organisation shall ensure that externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system are controlled. This includes developing and entering into licensing agreements that cover code ownership and intellectual property rights, and implementing appropriate contractual requirements related to secure design and coding in accordance with Annex A 8.25 and 8.2912 In this case, the organisation and the developer have performed security tests that failed, which indicates that the secure design and coding requirements of Annex A 8.29 were not met. The IT Manager explains that the encryption and pseudonymisation functions failed because they slowed down the system and service performance, and that an extra 150% of resources are needed to cover this. However, this does not justify the acceptance of the test results by the Service Manager, who is not authorised to approve the test according to the software security management procedure. The Service Manager should have consulted with the IT Manager, who is the owner of the process, and followed the procedure for handling nonconformities and corrective actions. The Service Manager's decision to continue the service based on access control alone exposes the organisation to the risk of compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of personal data processed by the mobile app. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1, control A.8.30.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 161
情境 4
SendPay是一家金融服務公司，專注於透過代理商和機構網路提供全球匯款服務。作為市場新秀，SendPay致力於提供優質服務，其去年推出的免手續費數位平台讓客戶可以隨時隨地透過智慧型手機和筆記型電腦收發款項。當時，SendPay將軟體營運外包給外部團隊，該團隊也負責管理公司的技術基礎設施。
最近，該公司在實施資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 近一年後，申請了 ISO/IEC 27001 認證。
在審計過程中，審計人員重點審查了 SendPay 的外包業務，特別是外包公司負責的軟體開發和技術基礎設施維護。
他們採取了一套結構化的方法，其中包括審查和評估SendPay用於監控外包業務品質的流程。這包括核實該公司是否履行了合約義務，確保其在聘用外包實體方面擁有適當的管理程序，以及評估SendPay在預期或意外終止外包協議的情況下所採取的應對措施。
然而，審計人員委婉地指出，SendPay的協議並未充分考慮到外包協議意外取消的情況。此外，SendPay委派的技術專家協助審計人員，提供了與受審計外包業務相關的專業知識和經驗。
審計團隊計算了員工接受資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 培訓的小時數，以確保其符合既定目標。他們也基於審計期間抽取的樣本，計算了資訊安全事件的平均解決時間，從而深入了解了 SendPay 的事件管理實務。此外，審計人員還評估了審計期間收集的證據的可靠性。他們考慮了影響審計證據可靠性的多個因素。例如，與照片相比，監視錄影提供的證據更為客觀。時間因素也對可靠性起著至關重要的作用，交易記錄等機制可以增強證據的可信度。
SendPay 使用雲端平台來提高營運效率和可擴展性。然而，由於資源限制，審計人員在審計過程中並未要求 SendPay 提供其雲端活動清單，而是依賴 SendPay 的陳述。
問題
審計人員在審計過程中是否對 SendPay 的雲端環境有了透徹的了解？請參閱情境 4。
Answer: A
Explanation:
The auditors did not establish a thorough understanding of SendPay's cloud environment, making option B the correct answer. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 requires organizations to define and control the scope of their ISMS, including the technologies and environments used to process information. Cloud-based platforms represent a significant component of SendPay's operations, particularly in a financial services context where confidentiality, integrity, and availability are critical.
In the scenario, the auditors explicitly chose not to request an inventory of SendPay's cloud activities due to resource limitations and instead relied on SendPay's representations. While practical constraints can influence audit scope, ISO 19011 requires auditors to obtain sufficient and appropriate evidence to support audit conclusions. Without a clear inventory or understanding of cloud activities, auditors cannot adequately assess risks, controls, or responsibilities related to cloud usage.
Option A is incorrect because the scenario clearly states that cloud activities were not fully examined. Option C is incorrect because reliance on assurances without supporting evidence does not meet the evidence-based auditing principle. Auditor reliance must be supported by verifiable information, especially when assessing outsourced or cloud-based services.
Therefore, the absence of a cloud activity inventory indicates that the auditors did not gain a thorough understanding of SendPay's cloud environment, which is why option B is the correct answer.
NEW QUESTION # 162
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