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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Understand inventory control and management | - Demand forecasting and planning - Storage and warehousing principles - Inventory classification and control methods |
| Topic 2: Understand the key elements of whole-life asset management | - Operation and maintenance planning - Acquisition and procurement strategies - Disposal and end-of-life considerations |
| Topic 3: Understand the role of technology in asset management | - Asset tracking and monitoring systems - Emerging technologies in asset management - Data management and analytics |
| Topic 4: Understand the financial aspects of whole-life asset management | - Budgeting and forecasting for assets - Financial justification and business case development - Total cost of ownership calculations |
| Topic 5: Understand the legal and regulatory requirements | - Contractual and warranty obligations - Environmental and sustainability considerations - Health and safety regulations |
| Topic 6: Understand the concept of whole-life asset management | - Define asset management and its role in procurement - Explain the whole-life cost approach - Identify key stakeholders in asset management |
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43. Frage
A brewery sells its beer in aluminum cans. It recycles the cans by using contractors to collect and mold the used cans. This is an example of...?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
There are two main processes of recycling - open loop recycling and closed loop recycling.
Open Loop Recycling
Open loop recycling is a method that delays disposal by converting manufactured goods and spent materials into both new raw materials, which can be used for a manufacturing purpose, as a fuel source for a different manufacturing process and waste products.
Typically, materials recycled through open-loop recycling will be used for purposes different from their original purpose.
This means that the input into the recycling process is converted to a new raw material, which can be used as an input into another manufacturing process.
Materials in an open loop recycling process are treated using various forms of treatment including heat, chemical reactions, or physical crushing.
Closed Loop Recycling
Closed loop recycling is a process where waste is collected, recycled and then used again to make the same product it came from. This process is restorative and regenerative by design and aims to keep materials at their highest utility and value always.
Closed loop recycling is focused on resource sustainability, which means that recycling of a material can be done indefinitely without degradation of properties. In this case, conversion of the used product back to raw material allows repeated making of the same product, which helps hazardous waste generators reduce carbon footprint and achieve corporate sustainability initiatives.
Closed-loop recycling is common in specialized industries, such as the computer and battery industries, which use expensive or complex goods that cannot easily be broken down post-consumption into constituent materials.
A prime example of a closed-loop recycling process is the recycling of aluminum cans. Aluminum can be recycled to form new cans with little material degradation or waste creation.
44. Frage
Stock redundancies can be avoided in all situations if managers ensure that all items are purchased more frequently in small quantities. Is this statement TRUE?
Antwort: D
45. Frage
A pharmaceutical firm offers a new drug called NC-01. After analysing the market, the firm realises that the demand is largely variable. But they still have to forecast the customer demand for the next production cycle. The new drug NC-01 is best described as which type of item?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Dependent demand is the requirement for stock item which is directly related to and therefore de-pendent upon the rate of production (examples are: raw materials, components, energy) Independent demand is the requirement for stock item which is not directly related to, and is therefore independent of rate of production. Although independent demand is called thus, it can still be influenced by economic factors external to the demand-supply model such as general consumer sentiment and consumers' available disposal income. However, businesses that need to predict the number of products with independent demand needed to sate their customers have it easier than businesses that must calculate the demand for products with dependent demand because there are fewer factors to consider.
In this scenario, the new drug is finished good which is dependent on the demand of the market, and the firm needs to forecast before initiating the production process. The item is independent from rate of production, therefore, it must be independent demand item.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.1
46. Frage
Which of the following are recognised as disadvantages of ERP systems? Select TWO that apply.
Antwort: A,D
Begründung:
Implementing a full ERP system is not an easy option. They are complex systems and the disad-vantages include the following:
- The installation of the ERP system is costly. ERP consultants are very expensive take approxi-mately 60% of the budget.
- The success depends on the skills and experience of the workforce, including education and how to make the system work properly.
- Resistance in sharing internal information between departments can reduce the efficiency of the software.
- The systems can be difficult to use.
- Change of staff, companies can employ administrators who are not trained to manage the ERP system of the employing company, proposing changes in business practices that are not synchro-nized with the system.
- Having an ERP system has many advantages, but does not guarantee the total success of the company.
Organizational culture, know how to involve staff and anticipate changes that will suffer the organization using this system of administration, are important elements for the completion of the implementation.
- The effectiveness of the ERP system may decrease if there is resistance to share information be-tween business units or departments. Due to strong changes that implementation of the ERP system brings in the culture of work, there may be poorly trained or disinterested in making use of the same staff...
- The benefits of having an ERP system are not presented immediately with the implementation of the software, they will be evident long after the system is running.
- The culmination of the implementation depends on the ability and skill of the workforce, also involves education and training, to make the system is correctly applied.
47. Frage
Which of the following best defines 'exponential moving average'?
Antwort: D
Begründung:
An exponential moving average (EMA) is a type of moving average (MA) that places a greater weight and significance on the most recent data points. The exponential moving average is also referred to as the exponentially weighted moving average. An exponentially weighted moving average reacts more significantly to recent price changes than a simple moving average (SMA), which applies an equal weight to all observations in the period.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.3
48. Frage
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