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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Special Collections | 12% | - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Blood cultures & sterile collection - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Blood alcohol & legal collections - Therapeutic drug monitoring |
| Topic 2: Patient Preparation | 20% | - Informed consent & communication - Patient identification & verification - Patient positioning & comfort - Site selection & preparation - Requisition review & test verification |
| Topic 3: Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Order of draw & tube selection - Tourniquet use & vein assessment - Capillary puncture procedures - Post-collection care & labeling |
| Topic 4: Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Aliquoting & preservation - Documentation & tracking - Transport & storage requirements - Specimen rejection criteria - Processing & centrifugation |
| Topic 5: Safety and Compliance | 26% | - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - PPE & sharps disposal - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control - Infection control & OSHA standards - Quality control & error prevention |
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NEW QUESTION # 109
A patient refuses a blood draw after the phlebotomist explains the procedure. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should notify the nurse or provider according to facility policy. A competent adult patient has the right to refuse a blood draw, even when the test is ordered. Proceeding against the patient's refusal is unethical and can constitute battery. Asking a family member to pressure the patient is inappropriate because consent must come from the patient or legally authorized representative when applicable, not from coercion. Using a smaller needle does not address refusal unless the patient specifically refused because of needle size and then gives consent after discussion. The phlebotomist should remain professional, clarify the patient's concern within scope, avoid arguing, document or report the refusal as required, and allow authorized clinical personnel to follow up. This question tests patient rights, consent, communication, and scope of practice. Phlebotomy is invasive, so consent is not optional. The technician's authority ends where patient refusal begins unless a specific emergency or legal policy applies through authorized medical personnel. Reference topics: Patient Preparation; patient refusal; consent; patient rights; communication; documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 110
Which of the following information should a phlebotomist document for a blood culture collection?
Answer: A
Explanation:
For blood culture collection, the phlebotomist should document the site of collection. Blood cultures are often drawn from separate sites to help distinguish true bloodstream infection from contamination. Accurate site documentation supports interpretation if one bottle set grows organisms and another does not. It also provides traceability for collection quality, timing, and possible contamination review. Type of culture media is generally determined by the blood culture bottle system and laboratory protocol; it is not the key patient-specific documentation item in this question. Blood collection technique is expected to follow facility policy, but it is not typically the primary required field compared with date, time, collector identity, and site. Informed consent is not usually a separate required document for routine blood culture collection unless facility policy or special circumstances require it. Blood culture technique requires strict antisepsis, appropriate bottle preparation, correct order, sufficient volume, and avoidance of contamination. NHA CPT special collection content includes performing blood culture collections, blood culture locations, skin preparation, equipment, volume requirements, bottle preparation, and order of draw. Reference topics: Special Collections; blood culture collection; site documentation; contamination control.
NEW QUESTION # 111
Which of the following specimens should a phlebotomist protect from light immediately after collection?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Bilirubin specimens should be protected from light immediately after collection because bilirubin is photosensitive. Exposure to light can degrade bilirubin and produce falsely decreased results. The phlebotomist should follow facility procedure, which may include wrapping the tube in foil or using an amber transport container. Blood urea nitrogen is not classically light-sensitive; it is generally handled as a routine chemistry analyte unless special facility requirements apply. Sodium testing does not require light protection. Hemoglobin A1c reflects long-term glycemic exposure through glycated hemoglobin and is not light-sensitive in the same way bilirubin is. The broader technical principle is that specimen handling requirements are test-specific. Some specimens require chilling, some must remain warm, some require rapid transport, some must avoid light, and some require timed collection. Failure to follow these requirements creates preanalytical error even when the venipuncture itself was performed correctly. Reference topics: Special Collections; Processing Specimens; light-sensitive specimens; bilirubin handling; specimen integrity.
NEW QUESTION # 112
A blood specimen is rejected by the laboratory for testing. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should contact the patient to repeat the venipuncture collection, following facility policy and provider notification procedures. A rejected specimen cannot be tested reliably, so the practical correction is recollection using the proper tube, volume, labeling, handling, and transport requirements. Waiting until the next yearly visit is unacceptable because the ordered test was needed for current clinical care. Shredding documentation is improper unless performed under approved records-management procedures, and it does not solve the missing valid specimen. Sending laboratory results by mail is impossible or inappropriate when the specimen was rejected and no valid result exists. Specimen rejection usually results from preanalytical problems such as wrong tube, insufficient volume, hemolysis, clotting in an anticoagulant tube, unlabeled or mislabeled specimen, expired supplies, improper temperature, or delayed transport. The phlebotomist's job is to correct the collection failure promptly and prevent recurrence. Reference topics: Processing Specimens; specimen rejection; recollection; preanalytical error; specimen integrity.
NEW QUESTION # 113
A phlebotomist observes that the lid of a sharps container will not close. Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The sharps container should be replaced. A sharps container must be closable, puncture-resistant, leak-resistant, and properly labeled or color-coded. If the lid will not close, the container no longer provides safe containment and creates a needlestick or exposure hazard. Continuing to use it is unsafe even if it has not reached the fill line. Emptying sharps into another container is strictly inappropriate because it requires handling contaminated needles and increases exposure risk. Taping the opening closed is not an approved correction and does not restore the container's designed safety function. The phlebotomist should obtain an approved replacement container and report the defective container according to facility protocol. This is not a minor housekeeping issue; sharps disposal is an engineering-control requirement designed to prevent occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Phlebotomy technicians must dispose of needles immediately after use, never recap used needles, and never place sharps in regular trash or soft biohazard bags. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; sharps disposal; engineering controls; needlestick prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 114
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