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GIAC GICSP Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Weight	Objectives
ICS Threats and Vulnerabilities	25%	- ICS-Specific Vulnerabilities 1. Authentication Weaknesses 2. Protocol Vulnerabilities 3. Firmware Vulnerabilities - Common ICS Attack Vectors 1. Remote Access Vulnerabilities 2. Malware targeting ICS 3. Supply Chain Attacks
ICS Network Security	20%	- Network Security Controls 1. Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems 2. Network Monitoring and Anomaly Detection 3. Firewalls and Access Control Lists - Network Segmentation and Architecture 1. Demilitarized Zones (DMZ) 2. Zone and Conduit Model 3. Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture
Incident Response and Recovery	20%	- ICS Incident Response 1. Containment Strategies 2. Eradication and Recovery 3. Incident Detection and Analysis - Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery 1. Backup and Restoration Procedures 2. Testing and Validation 3. System Redundancy
ICS Risk Management and Assessment	20%	- Security Controls Implementation 1. Physical Controls 2. Administrative Controls 3. Technical Controls - Risk Assessment Methodologies 1. Risk Assessment Frameworks 2. NIST SP 800-82 Guidelines 3. IEC 62443 Standards
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security Fundamentals	15%	- ICS Communication Protocols 1. EtherNet/IP 2. Modbus 3. PROFINET 4. DNP3 5. OPC - ICS Architecture and Components 1. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) 2. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) 3. Human Machine Interface (HMI) 4. Distributed Control Systems (DCS)

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GIAC Global Industrial Cyber Security Professional (GICSP) 認定 GICSP 試験問題 (Q18-Q23):

質問 # 18
An organization wants to use Active Directory to manage systems within its Business and Control system networks. Which of the following is the recommended security practice?

A. Separate Active Directory domains for the Business and Control system networks
B. Shared Active Directory domain with fully functional domain controllers for the Business network and a Read-Only Domain Controller for the Control system network
C. An Active Directory domain for the Business network and a Windows workgroup with a domain controller for the Control system network
D. Shared Active Directory domain with separate domain controllers for the Business and Control system networks

正解：B

解説：
The recommended best practice is to use a shared Active Directory domain while deploying a Read-Only Domain Controller (RODC) within the Control system network (D). This approach:
Enables centralized management and authentication consistent with the business network Limits the risk of domain controller compromise in the Control network because RODCs do not store sensitive password information and restrict changes Balances security and operational efficiency by isolating sensitive environments while still leveraging AD's capabilities Options A and C increase complexity or risk by fully separating domains or controllers, while B reduces manageability by mixing domain and workgroup systems.
GICSP highlights RODCs as a means to secure domain services in ICS environments where full domain controllers pose a security risk.
Reference:
GICSP Official Study Guide, Domain: ICS Security Governance & Compliance Microsoft Active Directory Best Practices (Referenced in GICSP) GICSP Training on Identity Management and Network Segmentation

質問 # 19
What is a major difference in the security goals between ICS and IT systems?
Response:

A. IT systems and ICS systems have identical security goals
B. ICS systems are less concerned about physical security
C. ICS systems prioritize availability over confidentiality and integrity
D. IT systems prioritize availability over confidentiality

正解：C

質問 # 20
What is a best practice for securing Windows endpoints in an ICS environment?
Response:

A. Disabling all security features to increase speed
B. Using Group Policies to enforce security settings
C. Enabling automatic login for users
D. Running applications with full administrative privileges

正解：B

質問 # 21
According to the DHS suggested patch decision tree, what should the next step be if there is a vulnerability with an available patch, but without an available workaround?

A. Determine if the operational needs are greater than the risk
B. Determine if the vulnerability affects the ICS
C. Identify the vulnerability and the available patch
D. Test and apply the patch

正解：D

解説：
The DHS (Department of Homeland Security) patch decision tree provides a systematic approach for patch management in ICS environments, balancing security and operational availability.
When a vulnerability is identified and a patch is available, but no workaround exists, the recommended next step is to test and apply the patch (C). This ensures that the system is protected as quickly as possible while verifying that the patch does not disrupt critical ICS operations.
(A) Identifying if the vulnerability affects the ICS typically comes earlier in the decision tree.
(B) Evaluating operational needs versus risk is part of risk management but comes after confirming patch availability.
(D) Identifying the vulnerability and patch is a prerequisite step.
This approach aligns with GICSP's emphasis on structured patch management and testing before deployment in critical environments.
Reference:
GICSP Official Study Guide, Domain: ICS Security Operations & Incident Response DHS ICS Patch Management Decision Tree (Referenced in GICSP) NIST SP 800-82 Rev 2, Section 8.2 (Patch Management)

質問 # 22
For a SQL injection login authentication bypass to work on a website, it will contain a username comparison that the database finds to be true. What else is required for the bypass to work?

A. An unencrypted login page
B. The database's comment characters
C. Two pipe characters (||)
D. The correct password

正解：B

解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
SQL injection attacks often exploit the ability to inject SQL code into input fields to alter the logic of database queries. To bypass authentication, attackers often:
Use database comment characters (B) (e.g., -- in many SQL dialects) to ignore the rest of the original query, effectively bypassing the password check.
An unencrypted login page (A) is unrelated to the SQL injection logic.
Two pipe characters (||) (C) are logical OR operators in some databases but not universally required.
The correct password (D) is not required for bypass in SQL injection scenarios.
GICSP training covers SQL injection and defensive coding practices as common ICS web application vulnerabilities.
Reference:
GICSP Official Study Guide, Domain: ICS Security Operations & Incident Response OWASP Top 10 and SQL Injection Resources GICSP Training on Web Security Vulnerabilities

質問 # 23
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