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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| SR Linux and EVPN Fundamentals | 25% | - VXLAN encapsulation and underlay - EVPN control plane and MP-BGP - SR Linux architecture and CLI |
| Data Center Interconnect (DCI) Solutions | 25% | - BGP route policies and route reflectors - Gateway-less EVPN DCI - Interoperability with Nokia 7750 SR |
| Layer 3 EVPN Services | 25% | - Symmetric and asymmetric routing - VRF integration and route targets - EVPN Route Type 5 |
| Layer 2 EVPN Services | 25% | - Anycast Gateway and IRB - Multi-homing and Ethernet Segments - EVPN Route Types 1–4 |
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問題 #28
Consider the exhibit.
The network is configured for interface-less symmetric routing with an ECMP of 4 enabled on all leaf routers.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
答案：B
解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In interface-less symmetric L3 EVPN routing, hosts in a subnet may be attached to different leaf routers, while inter-subnet forwarding is performed through the IP-VRF using VXLAN routed interfaces. The ingress and egress PEs both participate in L3 forwarding, and the routed VXLAN interface provides the per-IP-VRF overlay data-plane construct needed for symmetric routing. The IRB interfaces on the local MAC-VRFs must advertise learned local host routes so that remote PEs have the necessary host reachability information. The MAC-VRFs also need the appropriate EVPN control-plane configuration so host MAC/IP information can be exchanged, while the IP-VRF participates in L3 VPN-style route exchange for routed reachability. Option A is false because anycast gateway is not optional in this design for Leaf1 and Leaf2. Anycast gateway allows the same default-gateway IP and virtual MAC behavior to exist consistently on multiple leaves serving the same subnet. Without it, host default-gateway behavior would be inconsistent and traffic mobility across the fabric would break expected distributed gateway operation. Reference: interface-less symmetric routing, IRB, anycast gateway, routed VXLAN interface.
問題 #29
Which of the following statements about utilizing asymmetric routing in an L3 EVPN network is FALSE?
答案：D
解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Asymmetric routing relies heavily on host MAC/IP information because the ingress PE performs routing into the destination subnet and then sends the frame across the overlay using the destination MAC-VRF/VNI. This means PEs require enough ARP and MAC/IP binding information to forward traffic toward remote hosts correctly. If a host has multiple IP addresses on the same interface, separate EVPN route type 2 advertisements may be needed to communicate each IP-to-MAC binding. The ingress and egress PEs participate in MAC and IP forwarding across the end-to-end service path, but the forwarding responsibilities differ by direction and stage. The false statement is option C. The statement says all MAC-VRFs connected to the L3 EVPN network must exist on each PE, but that is not the correct requirement in this question's verified answer set. In practical EVPN designs, the exact MAC-VRF placement depends on whether the service is implemented as asymmetric, symmetric, interface-less, or interface-ful routing. Here, the course answer marks the universal MAC-VRF requirement as false. Reference: asymmetric L3 EVPN routing, RT-2 MAC/IP advertisements, ARP and MAC forwarding behavior.
問題 #30
Which EVPN route-type (RT) is used in multi-homing scenarios to support aliasing and fast convergence?
答案：A
解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
The EVPN route type used for aliasing and fast convergence in multi-homing is RT-1, the Ethernet Auto-Discovery route. RT-1 has two important forms: Ethernet A-D per Ethernet Segment and Ethernet A-D per EVI. These routes advertise reachability to a multi-homed Ethernet Segment and to a specific EVPN instance on that segment. Remote PEs use this information for aliasing, meaning they can forward traffic toward any eligible PE attached to the same Ethernet Segment, even when a specific MAC was advertised by only one PE. RT-1 also supports fast convergence because withdrawal of Ethernet A-D routes quickly informs remote PEs that an attachment path or PE is no longer valid, avoiding slow MAC aging as the primary failure-detection mechanism. RT-4 Ethernet Segment routes are related to multi-homing, but their main function is Ethernet Segment discovery and Designated Forwarder election. RT-2 advertises host MAC/IP reachability, and RT-3 builds multicast/BUM replication lists. Therefore, RT-1 is the precise answer for aliasing and fast convergence. Reference: EVPN multi-homing route types, Ethernet Auto-Discovery, aliasing and convergence behavior.
問題 #31
Which of the following statements describes the function or operation of the integrated gateway-based data center interconnect solution?
答案：D
解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In an integrated gateway-based DCI design, the same physical or logical router performs both the data center gateway role and the WAN PE role. This is why option D is correct. The device terminates or participates in the data center-side EVPN service and also handles the WAN-side VPN transport, including route translation or re-advertisement where needed. This approach avoids exposing every data center leaf router to the WAN and avoids requiring route reflector reachability between data centers. It also avoids building VXLAN tunnels directly between all leaf routers in separate data centers. Those characteristics belong to gateway-less DCI, where the EVPN overlay stretches more directly across the WAN and the WAN must carry the underlay or overlay reachability required by the data center leaves. Integrated gateway design is more controlled: the gateway is the interworking point, which makes it suitable when the provider or operator wants a strong service boundary and centralized DCI policy enforcement. Reference: integrated gateway-based DCI, single-router gateway/WAN PE function, EVPN/VPN interworking.
問題 #32
Consider the exhibit.
All three of the leafs have a MP-BGP EVPN session to the route-reflector Spine-1. Leaf-1, Leaf-2 and Leaf-3 have existing instances of an L2 EVPN named MAC VRF-1. Host-1 has just sent its first Ethernet frame into MAC VRF-1 on Leaf-1.
Which of the following steps is FALSE?
答案：B
解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
When Host-1 sends its first Ethernet frame into MAC VRF-1, Leaf-1 performs normal local data-plane MAC learning on the access interface and installs Host-1's MAC address into the MAC forwarding table. In an L2 EVPN MAC-VRF, host MAC reachability is then advertised into the EVPN control plane using EVPN route type 2, the MAC/IP Advertisement route. Route type 5 is not used for host MAC advertisement; RT-5 is used for IP prefix advertisement in Layer 3 EVPN services. Therefore, option B is false because it incorrectly states that Leaf-1 generates an EVPN RT-5 update with the host MAC address. In this topology, Leaf-1 sends the correct EVPN update to the route reflector, Spine-1. The route reflector then reflects the update to Leaf-2 and Leaf-3, and those remote leaves import the route if the route target matches their MAC VRF-1 import policy. The route target controls service membership, ensuring that only PEs participating in the same EVPN instance import the MAC route. Reference: L2 EVPN MAC learning, RT-2 MAC/IP advertisement, route-reflector distribution, route-target import.
問題 #33
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