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NEW QUESTION # 157
A company manages multiple AWS accounts through an organization in AWS Organizations. The company enables all features in the organization.
A security team must implement a solution to centrally manage VPC security groups across the accounts. The company uses an existing reference security group with the required configuration. The solution must detect if security group rules have been modified to deviate from the reference security group. The solution must automatically restore any noncompliant security groups to match the reference security group.
The security team needs to select a solution that does not require custom development or scripting.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 100to 150 words of Explanation From AWS Certified Security - Specialty topics:
AWS Firewall Manager is the correct no-code centralized service for managing security groups across AWS Organizations. Firewall Manager security group policies can apply centrally controlled security group policies, audit rules, identify noncompliant security groups, and remediate deviations. AWS documentation states that Firewall Manager continuously maintains policies and applies them to accounts and resources as they are added or updated across the organization. It also supports common security group policies that replicate primary security groups and keep replicas synchronized with the primary. Systems Manager Automation or custom AWS Config remediation would require custom logic. CloudFormation StackSets can deploy initial security groups, but it does not continuously detect and automatically restore out-of-band rule changes in the required governance model.
NEW QUESTION # 158
A company has a large fleet of Amazon Linux 2 Amazon EC2 instances that run an application processing sensitive data. Compliance requirements include no exposed management ports, full session logging, and authentication through AWS IAM Identity Center. DevOps engineers occasionally need access for troubleshooting.
Which solution will provide remote access while meeting these requirements?
Answer: D
Explanation:
AWS Systems Manager Session Manager provides secure, auditable shell access to EC2 instances without opening inbound ports. According to AWS Certified Security - Specialty guidance, Session Manager records all session activity to CloudWatch Logs or Amazon S3 and integrates with IAM Identity Center for centralized authentication.
This solution meets all requirements: no exposed ports, full audit logging, and identity-based access control.
EC2 Instance Connect and serial console access do not integrate with Identity Center and may expose management paths.
Referenced AWS Specialty Documents:
AWS Certified Security - Specialty Official Study Guide
AWS Systems Manager Session Manager
AWS IAM Identity Center Integration
NEW QUESTION # 159
A company has an organization in AWS Organizations. The company's security team is developing automation to capture Amazon EC2 forensic evidence within any AWS account in the organization. The company has encrypted the Amazon EBS volumes of all the EC2 instances in the organization by default by using the AWS managed key. The automation consists of AWS Lambda functions and AWS Step Functions state machines.
The automation assumes an IAM role in the target AWS account. The automation takes snapshots of suspicious EC2 instances and assigns permissions to allow the security team's account to copy the snapshots. The security team has an AWS KMS key to encrypt the snapshots. During testing, the automation fails to copy the snapshots into the security team's AWS account.
Which combination of steps should the security team take so that the automation can capture EC2 forensic evidence in all AWS accounts in the organization? (Choose Three.)
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
Encrypted EBS snapshots that use the default AWS managed key cannot be shared across accounts. AWS documentation states that only snapshots encrypted with a customer managed key can be shared, and the customer managed key must also allow the destination account or automation role to use it. Therefore, the target accounts need customer managed KMS keys and appropriate KMS permissions for the automation role. The security account also needs permissions to use its own customer managed key when copying and re-encrypting the evidence snapshot. The automation must explicitly use the customer managed KMS key, not the AWS managed key. Updating the AWS managed key policy is not possible in the required way because AWS managed keys are controlled by AWS.
NEW QUESTION # 160
A public subnet contains two Amazon EC2 instances. The subnet has a custom network ACL. A security engineer is designing a solution to improve the subnet security. The solution must allow outbound traffic to an internet service that uses TLS through port 443. The solution also must deny inbound traffic that is destined for MySQL port 3306.
Which network ACL rule set meets these requirements?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Network ACLs arestateless, so you must allow both the outbound request and the inboundreturn traffic. For outbound TLS to an internet service on TCP443, you need an outbound allow rule permitting destination port
443. The return traffic from the internet service will come back to the instance'sephemeral port(typically in the range 1024-65535) on the inbound path. Therefore, you must allow inbound TCP traffic on the ephemeral port range to support established outbound connections.
At the same time, the requirement is todeny inbound MySQL (TCP 3306). Because NACLs process rules in order (lowest rule number first), placing an explicit deny for port 3306 as a low-numbered inbound rule ensures that traffic destined for MySQL is blocked even if there are broader allow rules later.
Option B does exactly this: it denies inbound TCP 3306 first, then allows inbound ephemeral ports for return traffic, and allows outbound TCP 443. Option A/D incorrectly allow inbound 443 (not needed for outbound- only TLS) and fail to explicitly allow ephemeral return traffic correctly. Option C allows ephemeral inbound first, and then denies 3306 later; while 3306 is not in the ephemeral range, B is the clean, canonical ordering and matches the intended stateless-return-traffic pattern most directly.
NEW QUESTION # 161
A company has installed a third-party application that is distributed on several Amazon EC2 instances and on- premises servers. Occasionally, the company ' s IT team needs to use SSH to connect to each machine to perform software maintenance tasks. Outside these time slots, the machines must be completely isolated from the rest of the network. The company does not want to maintain any SSH keys. Additionally, the company wants to pay only for machine hours when there is an SSH connection.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Answer: C
Explanation:
AWS Systems ManagerSession Managerprovides interactive shell access to managed instanceswithout inbound SSH,without bastion hosts, andwithout managing SSH keys. Access is controlled through IAM policies, and every session can be logged to CloudWatch Logs/S3 for auditability. This directly satisfies the
"no SSH keys" requirement and reduces the network exposure surface because you can keep port 22 closed and still obtain shell access when needed.
To meet the isolation requirement, the instances can be placed in private subnets with no inbound access, and you can use Systems Manager connectivity (via SSM endpoints/agents) for administrative sessions only when required. On-premises servers can also be managed by Systems Manager by registering them as managed instances (hybrid activations), allowing the same no-SSH-key operational model across EC2 and on-prem environments.
Options A and D still require network paths and do not eliminate key management; a bastion host is additional infrastructure that must be secured and maintained. CloudShell (Option C) is an AWS-managed shell environment but does not provide a direct, managed, keyless session channel into arbitrary EC2/on-prem hosts by itself. Therefore, Session Manager is the best solution.
NEW QUESTION # 162
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