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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Introduction to Ethical Hacking | - Ethical hacking concepts and methodology |
| Topic 2: Reconnaissance Techniques | - Scanning networks and enumeration - Footprinting and information gathering |
| Topic 3: Cryptography | - Encryption, hashing, and cryptanalysis |
| Topic 4: Web and Application Security | - Web application hacking techniques |
| Topic 5: Cloud and IoT Security | - IoT security fundamentals - Cloud computing security concepts |
| Topic 6: Wireless and Mobile Security | - Mobile platform vulnerabilities - Wireless network attacks |
| Topic 7: Network Attacks | - Denial of Service (DoS/DDoS) - Sniffing and session hijacking |
| Topic 8: System Hacking | - Malware threats and system exploitation - Gaining access and privilege escalation |
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NEW QUESTION # 320
You are a penetration tester hired to evaluate the security posture of a regional manufacturing company's network devices. During your assessment, you discover that one of the core routers allows external administrative access without requiring a password. Additionally, the router communicates with other devices using a protocol that does not provide encryption or validation. Based solely on these observations, which of the following network device vulnerabilities is most clearly present?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The most clearly demonstrated vulnerability is Lack of authentication. In CEH-aligned network device security principles, authentication is the fundamental control that verifies a user or device is permitted to access administrative functions or participate in trusted communications. The scenario states that the router allows external administrative access without requiring a password. That directly indicates that authentication is not being enforced for management access, meaning an unauthorized user could potentially gain administrative control simply by reaching the management interface.
The second observation reinforces the same core weakness in a different context: the router uses a protocol that provides neither encryption nor validation. In CEH terms, "validation" in routing and management protocols commonly refers to authentication and integrity checks, ensuring that updates or communications are sent by trusted peers and not altered in transit. When a protocol lacks validation, an attacker may be able to inject rogue updates, impersonate a trusted neighbor, or manipulate routing behavior, depending on the protocol and topology. While this could also be described as "insecure routing protocols," the question asks what vulnerability is most clearly present based on both observations together. The common denominator is the absence of authentication controls: no password for admin access and no validation for device-to-device protocol exchanges.
"Lack of password protection" addresses only the first issue and is narrower. "Firewall vulnerabilities" is not evidenced. Therefore, the clearest and most comprehensive vulnerability indicated by the observations is Lack of authentication.
NEW QUESTION # 321
While using your bank's online servicing you notice the following string in the URL bar:
"http://www.MyPersonalBank.com/account?id=368940911028389&Damount=10980&Camount=21" You observe that if you modify the Damount & Camount values and submit the request, that data on the web page reflects the changes.
Which type of vulnerability is present on this site?
Answer: D
Explanation:
This is a classic example of Web Parameter Tampering. This occurs when attackers manipulate parameters exchanged between client and server to exploit vulnerabilities in the application logic. In this case:
Damount and Camount are passed via URL parameters.
The web application is not validating or sanitizing the values.
Altering the values affects the transaction outcome.
This is not an SQL Injection (no SQL code shown), nor is it XSS (no script injection), and it is unrelated to Cookie Tampering (which involves browser-stored cookies).
Reference: CEH v13 eCourseware - Module 14: Hacking Web Applications # "Parameter Tampering" CEH v13 Study Guide - Web Application Attacks # "Client-side Parameter Tampering"
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NEW QUESTION # 322
Arjun Mehta, a red team specialist at Sentinel Dynamics, is conducting a controlled reconnaissance assessment against the company's perimeter network. During testing, the security operations team observes that the firewall logs display several different originating systems associated with the same scanning activity.
Arjun's objective is to ensure that his actual testing machine cannot be easily distinguished from other recorded entries.
What technique is Arjun using in this scenario?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct answer is B. IP Address Decoy.
The scenario describes scan activity appearing to originate from several different systems so that the real tester's host is hidden among other apparent sources. This is the purpose of IP Address Decoy scanning.
CEH-aligned reconnaissance and evasion material explains that IP Address Decoy hides the real source of a scan among multiple decoy source addresses, making it appear that both the decoys and the real host are scanning the target. It also gives the Nmap example nmap -D RND:10 X.X.X.X, which generates decoys and randomly places the real source IP among them .
Option A. Source Routing is incorrect because source routing attempts to specify the path a packet takes through the network.
Option C. Source Port Manipulation is incorrect because changing the source port does not create multiple apparent originating systems.
Option D. IP Address Spoofing is incorrect because simple spoofing replaces the source address and can prevent responses from returning to the attacker. Decoy scanning specifically mixes the real source with multiple decoys.
Therefore, the best answer is B. IP Address Decoy.
NEW QUESTION # 323
An attacker accesses a server using reused NTLM hashes without cracking passwords. What attack is this?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Pass-the-hash attacks authenticate to systems by reusing stolen NTLM password hashes directly, without needing to crack the original passwords.
NEW QUESTION # 324
Which of the following Google advanced search operators helps an attacker in gathering information about websites that are similar to a specified target URL?
Answer: C
Explanation:
In CEH v13 Module 02: Footprinting and Reconnaissance, Google advanced operators are tools for passive information gathering.
related: operator is used to find websites similar to a given domain or webpage.
This helps attackers discover alternate domains, competitors, or similar content that may be vulnerable or poorly secured.
Example:
related:example.com
Will return a list of sites Google deems related to example.com.
Option Clarification:
A: inurl: - Searches for a keyword in the URL.
B: related: - Correct - Finds similar or related websites.
C: info: - Provides Google's cached and indexed data about a URL.
D: site: - Restricts search to a specific domain or site.
Reference:
Module 02 - Google Hacking Techniques
CEH iLabs: Google Dorking with Advanced Operators
NEW QUESTION # 325
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