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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Minimize Microservice Vulnerabilities | 20% | - Isolation & multi-tenancy - Security contexts - Pod Security Standards - OPA/Gatekeeper implementation - Secret management |
| Topic 2: Cluster Setup | 15% | - CIS benchmark compliance - Node metadata protection - Binary verification - Network security policies - Secure Ingress configuration |
| Topic 3: Monitoring, Logging and Runtime Security | 20% | - Audit log configuration - Threat detection (Falco) - Container immutability - Incident investigation - Behavioral analytics |
| Topic 4: Cluster Hardening | 15% | - Component updates & vulnerability mitigation - API access restriction - Service account security - RBAC configuration |
| Topic 5: System Hardening | 10% | - Network access control - Least privilege IAM - Minimize OS attack surface - Kernel hardening (AppArmor, seccomp) |
| Topic 6: Supply Chain Security | 20% | - Permitted registries - Image security & scanning - SBOM & CI/CD security - Signed artifacts & verification - Static analysis tools |
Practicing under these situations helps to kill Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) (CKS) exam anxiety. Questions in desktop-based mock exams are identical to the real ones. Our practice exams give you options to change their durations and questions' numbers to polish your skills. You can easily assess your readiness with the assistance of results produced by the practice exam.
NEW QUESTION # 51
SIMULATION
You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command:
[desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context qa
Context:
A pod fails to run because of an incorrectly specified ServiceAccount
Task:
Create a new service account named backend-qa in an existing namespace qa, which must not have access to any secret.
Edit the frontend pod yaml to use backend-qa service account
Note: You can find the frontend pod yaml at /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Explanation belowExplanation:
[desk@cli] $ k create sa backend-qa -n qa
sa/backend-qa created
[desk@cli] $ k get role,rolebinding -n qa
No resources found in qa namespace.
[desk@cli] $ k create role backend -n qa --resource pods,namespaces,configmaps --verb list
# No access to secret
[desk@cli] $ k create rolebinding backend -n qa --role backend --serviceaccount qa:backend-qa
[desk@cli] $ vim /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: frontend
spec:
serviceAccountName: backend-qa # Add this
image: nginx
name: frontend
[desk@cli] $ k apply -f /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml
pod created
[desk@cli] $ k create sa backend-qa -n qa
serviceaccount/backend-qa created
[desk@cli] $ k get role,rolebinding -n qa
No resources found in qa namespace.
[desk@cli] $ k create role backend -n qa --resource pods,namespaces,configmaps --verb list role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/backend created
[desk@cli] $ k create rolebinding backend -n qa --role backend --serviceaccount qa:backend-qa rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/backend created
[desk@cli] $ vim /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: frontend
spec:
serviceAccountName: backend-qa # Add this
image: nginx
name: frontend
[desk@cli] $ k apply -f /home/cert_masters/frontend-pod.yaml
pod/frontend created
https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account/
NEW QUESTION # 52
You are running a web application in a Kubernetes cluster using a Deployment named 'web-apps. The application is vulnerable to a known CVE that can be exploited through tne web server. You need to implement a security policy to prevent pods from accessing the vulnerable web server port.
Answer:
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Identity the vulnerable port:
- For this example, assume the vulnerable port is 8080.
2. Create a Securitycontext for the web server:
3. Apply the updated Deployment: bash kubectl apply -f web-app-deployment.yaml - The 'securityContext' is used to restrict the capabilities of the container. - 'drop: ["NET BIND SERVICET prevents the container from binding to ports below 1024 (including port 8080). - This policy will prevent pods from accessing the vulnerable web server port and mitigate the CVE. Important Notes: - You can adjust the 'drop' list to restrict other capabilities as needed. - You might need to redeploy the web application with a different port that is not restricted-
NEW QUESTION # 53
Cluster: scanner
Master node: controlplane
Worker node: worker1
You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command:
[desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context scanner
Given:
You may use Trivy's documentation.
Task:
Use the Trivy open-source container scanner to detect images with severe vulnerabilities used by Pods in the namespace nato.
Look for images with High or Critical severity vulnerabilities and delete the Pods that use those images.
Trivy is pre-installed on the cluster's master node. Use cluster's master node to use Trivy.
Answer:
Explanation:
[controlplane@cli] $ k get pods -n nato -o yaml | grep "image: "
[controlplane@cli] $ trivy image <image-name>
[controlplane@cli] $ k delete pod <vulnerable-pod> -n nato
[desk@cli] $ ssh controlnode
[controlplane@cli] $ k get pods -n nato
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
alohmora 1/1 Running 0 3m7s
c3d3 1/1 Running 0 2m54s
neon-pod 1/1 Running 0 2m11s
thor 1/1 Running 0 58s
[controlplane@cli] $ k get pods -n nato -o yaml | grep "image: "
[controlplane@cli] $ k delete pod thor -n nato
[controlplane@cli] $ k delete pod neon-pod -n nato Reference: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy
[controlplane@cli] $ k delete pod neon-pod -n nato Reference: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy
NEW QUESTION # 54
You are managing a Kubernetes cluster with a deployment named 'database-deployment' running 3 replicas of a PostgreSQL database container. You need to implement a security policy that restricts the database pods from accessing the internet, allowing them to only communicate with each other and with specific external services. The allowed external services include a dedicated monitoring service at 'monitoring-example-com:8080' and a logging service at 'logging-example-com:514'. Additionally, you want to enforce this policy using NetworkPolicy.
Answer:
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Create a NetworkPolicy for database pods:
- Create a YAML file named "database-networkpolicy.yamr with the following contents:
NEW QUESTION # 55
Create a network policy named allow-np, that allows pod in the namespace staging to connect to port 80 of other pods in the same namespace.
Ensure that Network Policy:-
1. Does not allow access to pod not listening on port 80.
2. Does not allow access from Pods, not in namespace staging.
Answer:
Explanation:
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: network-policy
spec:
podSelector: {} #selects all the pods in the namespace deployed
policyTypes:
- Ingress
ingress:
- ports: #in input traffic allowed only through 80 port only
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
NEW QUESTION # 56
......
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