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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Test Tools and Automation | 2.5% | - Tool support for testing - Benefits and risks of automation |
| Fundamentals of Testing | 20% | - Testing principles - What is testing - Essential skills and good practices - Test activities, testware and roles - Why testing is necessary |
| Managing Test Activities | 22.5% | - Risk-based testing - Test planning - Configuration management - Defect management - Monitoring, control and completion |
| Static Testing | 10% | - Static testing basics - Review process and types |
| Test Analysis and Design | 30% | - Test techniques overview - White-box test techniques - Black-box test techniques - Collaboration-based approaches - Experience-based test techniques |
| Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle | 15% | - Testing in SDLC contexts - Test types - Maintenance testing - Test levels |
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NEW QUESTION # 232
Which of the following statements about estimation of the test effort is WRONG?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Effort estimate does not depend on the budget of the project, but rather on the scope, complexity, and quality of the software product and the testing activities1. Budget is a constraint that may affect the feasibility and accuracy of the effort estimate, but it is not a factor that determines the effort estimate. Effort estimate is the amount of work required to complete the testing activities, measured in terms of person-hours, person-days, or person-months2.
The other options are correct because:
A) Once the test effort is estimated, resources can be identified and a schedule can be drawn up, as they are interrelated aspects of the test planning process3. Resources are the people, tools, equipment, and facilities needed to perform the testing activities4. Schedule is the time frame and sequence of the testing activities, aligned with the project milestones and deadlines5.
B) Effort estimate can be inaccurate because the quality of the product under tests is not known, as it affects the number and severity of the defects that may be found and the rework that may be needed to fix them6. Quality is the degree to which the software product satisfies the specified requirements and meets the needs and expectations of the users and clients7.
D) Experience based estimation is one of the estimation techniques, which relies on the judgment and expertise of the testers and other project stakeholders to estimate the test effort based on similar projects or tasks done in the past. Experience based estimation can be useful when there is a lack of historical data, formal methods, or detailed information about the software product and the testing activities.
Reference =
1 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 154
2 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 155
3 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 156
4 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 157
5 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 158
6 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 159
7 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 16
[8] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 160
[9] ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 161
NEW QUESTION # 233
An anti-intrusion system is battery powered and is activated by pressing the only available button. To deactivate the system, the operator must enter a PIN code. The system will stay in alert mode within a configurable timeout and an alarm bell will ring if the system is not deactivated before the timeout expires.
The following state transition diagram describes the behavior of the system:
What is the minimum number of test cases needed to cover every unique sequence of exactly 4 states/3 transitions starting and ending in the "Inactive" state? (note that "Inactive" is not a final state in the diagram)
Answer: A
Explanation:
In the given state transition diagram, we need to identify the minimum number of test cases required to cover every unique sequence of exactly 4 states/3 transitions starting and ending in the "Inactive" state.
The states are:
* Inactive
* Active
* Alert Mode
* Alarm bell rings
* Inactive -> Active -> Inactive -> Active -> Inactive
* Sequence: Press Button, Enter PIN, Press Button, Enter PIN
* Inactive -> Active -> Alert Mode -> Inactive
* Sequence: Press Button, Sensor Activated, Enter PIN
* Inactive -> Active -> Alert Mode -> Alarm bell rings -> Inactive
* Sequence: Press Button, Sensor Activated, Timeout expired, Press Button Test Case Analysis:These sequences cover every unique combination of exactly 4 states and 3 transitions starting and ending in the "Inactive" state.
References:
* ISTQB CTFL Syllabus Section 4.2 on state transition testing.
NEW QUESTION # 234
The fact that defects are usually not evenly distributed among the various modules that make up a software application, but rather their distribution tend to reflect the Pareto principle:
Answer: B
Explanation:
The fact that defects are usually not evenly distributed among the various modules that make up a software application, but rather their distribution tend to reflect the Pareto principle, is expressed by the testing principle referred to as 'Defects cluster together'. This principle states that a small number of modules contain most of the defects detected, or that a small number of causes are responsible for most of the defects. This principle can be used to guide the test analysis and design activities, by prioritizing the testing of the most critical or risky modules, or by applying more rigorous test techniques to them. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
NEW QUESTION # 235
Which of the following s the most correct statement about state testing techniques?
Answer: B
Explanation:
State testing techniques are a type of dynamic testing techniques that are based on the behavior of the system under test for different input conditions and events. Dynamic testing techniques require the system to be executed with test cases, whereas static testing techniques do not.
Static testing techniques can be applied before the code is ready for execution, such as reviews, inspections, walkthroughs, and static analysis. Static testing techniques can help find defects early in the development process, improve the quality of the code, and reduce the cost and effort of dynamic testing.
NEW QUESTION # 236
A Test Manager conducts risk assessment for a project. One of the identified risks is: The sub-contractor may fail to meet his commitment". If this risk materializes. it will lead to delay in completion of testing required for the current cycle.
Which of the following sentences correctly describes the risk?
Answer: C
Explanation:
A product risk is a risk that affects the quality or timeliness of the software product being developed or tested1. Product risks are related to the requirements, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance of the software product2.
The risk of the sub-contractor failing to meet his commitment is a product risk, as it could cause a delay in the completion of the testing required for the current cycle, which in turn could affect the release date of the product. The release date is an important aspect of the product quality, as it reflects the customer satisfaction and the market competitiveness of the product3.
The other options are not correct because:
A) It is not true that any risk associated with development timeline is a product risk. Some risks could be project risks, which are risks that affect the management or control of the software project, such as budget, resources, schedule, or communication1. For example, a risk of losing a key project stakeholder is a project risk, not a product risk.
B) It is not true that the risk is no longer a risk for the Test Manager since an independent party is managing it. The Test Manager is still responsible for ensuring that the testing activities are completed according to the test plan and the quality objectives4. The Test Manager should monitor and control the sub-contractor's performance and communicate with him regularly to identify and mitigate any potential issues or deviations5.
C) It is not clear what is meant by "object" in this option, but it could be interpreted as the software system under test or the test object6. In any case, the risk is not an object risk, as it does not affect the successful completion of the object, but rather the successful completion of the testing of the object. An object risk could be a risk that affects the functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, or portability of the software system under test2. For example, a risk of the software system having a high complexity or a low testability is an object risk, not a product risk.
Reference =
1 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 97
2 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 98
3 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 99
4 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 100
5 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 101
6 ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, 2023, p. 102
NEW QUESTION # 237
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