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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Enterprise Firewall | - Troubleshooting
|
| Topic 2: SD-WAN | - SD-WAN deployment
|
>> NSE7_FSN_AR-7.6 Valid Exam Notes <<
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NEW QUESTION # 92
While troubleshooting a FortiGate web filter issue, users report that they cannot access any websites, even though those sites are not explicitly blocked by any web filter profiles that are applied to firewall policies.
What are the three most likely reasons for this behavior? (Choose three answers)
Answer: A,C,E
Explanation:
The reported symptom-users unable to access any websites despite no explicit blocks in the profile-points to systemic connectivity or configuration issues rather than specific URL filtering rules.
Option B (SSL/TLS Inspection): When Deep Inspection is enabled, the FortiGate acts as a Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) and re-signs server certificates using its own CA. If the clients (browsers) do not trust this CA (i.e., the certificate is not installed in their Trusted Root store), they will reject the connection with certificate errors, effectively preventing access to all HTTPS websites.
Option D (DNS): Web browsing relies on DNS resolution. If the configured DNS server is unreachable or failing, the FortiGate (or the client) cannot resolve FQDNs to IP addresses. Consequently, browsers will fail to load any page, resulting in a total loss of web access.
Option E (License): If the FortiGuard Web Filtering license expires, the FortiGate can no longer query the FortiGuard Distribution Network (FDN) for ratings. By default, or if the allow-when-rating-error setting is disabled (a common security practice), the FortiGate will block all web traffic that it cannot rate, often displaying a " Web Filter Service Error " or invalid license page.
Option A is incorrect because clearing the cache only increases latency, it does not block traffic. Option C is incorrect because webfilter-force-off is typically used to disable the service (often allowing traffic to bypass checks if the service is down), rather than blocking it.
NEW QUESTION # 93
Refer to the exhibit.
Partial output of a real-time OSPF debug is shown.
Which two reasons explain why the two FortiGate devices are unable to form an adjacency? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
To determine the correct reasons for the adjacency failure, we must analyze the standard OSPF real-time debug output (diagnose ip router ospf all enable or diagnose sniffer packet) typically provided in this exam exhibit.
Analyze the Debug Output:
The debug output in this specific question scenario typically displays an incoming Hello packet line: OSPF:
RECV[Hello]: ... auth-type 0 ...
" RECV " : Indicates the packet is coming from the Remote peer.
" auth-type 0 " : Indicates the Remote peer is sending " Null " (No) authentication.
Analyze the Failure:
The adjacency fails because the Local FortiGate is rejecting this packet.
If the Local FortiGate accepts " No Authentication " , it would match auth-type 0 and form the adjacency.
Since it is failing (and producing a debug log), the Local FortiGate must be expecting a different authentication type (Type 1 Cleartext or Type 2 MD5).
Evaluate the Options:
A). The remote peer has either OSPF cleartext or MD5 authentication configured.
Incorrect. The debug shows auth-type 0 (No Auth) coming from the remote peer.
B). There is an OSPF authentication configuration mismatch.
Correct. One side is sending " No Auth " (Remote), and the other expects " Auth " (Local). This is a definition of a mismatch.
C). The local FortiGate does not have OSPF authentication configured.
Incorrect. If the Local unit had " No Auth " configured, it would match the Remote ' s auth-type 0, and the adjacency would come up. The failure implies the Local unit does have auth configured.
D). The local FortiGate has either OSPF cleartext or MD5 authentication configured.
Correct. Because the Local unit is rejecting the " No Auth " packet from the remote peer, it confirms that the Local unit has authentication enabled (expecting Type 1 or 2).
Conclusion: The breakdown of the OSPF negotiation shows that the Remote peer is sending no authentication (Type 0), while the Local FortiGate expects authentication, resulting in a mismatch.
Reference:
FortiGate Security 7.6 Study Guide (OSPF Troubleshooting): " Authentication mismatch is a common cause of OSPF adjacency failure. Debug commands (diagnose ip router ospf all enable) reveal the auth-type received versus expected. " FortiGate CLI Reference: auth-type 0 = Null (None), auth-type 1 = Simple (Cleartext), auth-type 2 = MD5.
NEW QUESTION # 94
Refer to the exhibit.
The routing table information is shown.
Assuming a default configuration, which three statements about the RPF check on FortiGate are correct? (Choose three.)
Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:
The correct answers are A, D, and E. This is a feasible path RPF check scenario. In FortiGate's default RPF behavior, FortiGate checks whether the routing table contains a valid return route to the source IP address through the same interface on which the packet arrived. The study guide's RPF feasible path example states that FortiGate "checks the routing table for a route that matches the source address and incoming interface of the first original packet." It then gives the exact result: User A passes because "there is a default route through wan1," so packets received on wan1 pass the RPF check regardless of source address. User B fails because FortiGate does not have a route to 95.56.234.24 through wan2. User C fails because FortiGate does not have a route to 10.0.4.63 through port1. Therefore, option B is wrong because FortiGate is not allowing asymmetric return routing here. Option C is wrong because the default route points out wan1, not port1, so it cannot validate User C's packet arriving on port1.
NEW QUESTION # 95
Exhibit 1.
Exhibit 2.
Refer to the exhibits, which show the configuration on FortiGate and partial internet session information from a user on the internal network.
An administrator would like to lest session failover between the two service provider connections.
Which two changes must the administrator make to force this existing session to immediately start using the other interface? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
FortiOS Admin Guide: Static Routing, SNAT Route Change Feature
NEW QUESTION # 96
Refer to the exhibit.
A partial output from an IKE real-time debug is shown
The administrator does not have access to (he remote gateway
Based on the debug output, which two conclusions can you draw? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
To determine the correct conclusions, we analyze the specific lines in the IKE real-time debug output provided in the exhibit:
Analysis for Option A (The remote peer is the initiating peer):
Evidence: The very first line of the debug output reads: ike 0:624000:98: responder: main mode get 1st message...
The keyword responder indicates that this local FortiGate is receiving the connection request. Consequently, the remote peer must be the initiator sending the request. The phrase " get 1st message " confirms the local unit is receiving the initial packet of the negotiation sequence.
Conclusion: This statement is True.
Analysis for Option B (This is a phase 1 negotiation):
Evidence: The same line mentions main mode.
In IPsec VPNs, Main Mode and Aggressive Mode are exclusively used for Phase 1 (IKE SA) negotiations.
Phase 2 (Child SA) negotiations use Quick Mode. The presence of " main mode " definitively identifies this as a Phase 1 exchange.
Conclusion: This statement is True.
Analysis for Option C (There is a Diffie-Hellman group mismatch):
Evidence:
Incoming proposal (Remote): Lists type=OAKLEY_GROUP, val=MODP2048 (Group 14) in the first proposal proposal.
My proposal (Local): Lists type=OAKLEY_GROUP, val=MODP2048 (Group 14).
Since both the remote peer and the local gateway support and are proposing MODP2048 (Group 14), there is no Diffie-Hellman group mismatch. The actual mismatch visible in the logs is between the Encryption/Hash algorithms (Remote proposes AES-256/SHA2-256, while Local proposes AES-128/SHA), but the DH groups match.
Conclusion: This statement is False.
Analysis for Option D (This is a phase 2 negotiation):
As established in the analysis for Option B, " Main Mode " is a Phase 1 protocol. If this were Phase 2, the debug would show " Quick Mode " .
Conclusion: This statement is False.
Reference:
FortiGate Security 7.6 Study Guide (IPsec VPN): " Phase 1 modes: Main mode and Aggressive mode. " FortiOS Debugging documentation: Explains that " responder " indicates the device receiving the IKE initialization.
NEW QUESTION # 97
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