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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Security Operations | 33% | - Threat intelligence usage
|
| Topic 2: Vulnerability Management | 34% | - Vulnerability identification
|
| Topic 3: Incident Response and Management | 33% | - Reporting and communication
|
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NEW QUESTION # 19
An organization wants to establish a disaster recovery plan for critical applications that are hosted on premises. Which of the following is the first step to prepare for supporting this new requirement?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
The first step in building a disaster recovery plan (DRP) for critical on-prem applications is to determine what is actually "critical" to the business, how long the organization can tolerate those applications being down, and therefore what restoration order (prioritization) is required. That prioritization must come from business/data owners and stakeholders, because they understand operational dependencies, business impact, and acceptable downtime.
This is essentially the start of a Business Impact Analysis (BIA) and related continuity prioritization work, which precedes choices like vendors, contracts, or site geography. You don't select a DR site/vendor or negotiate agreements until you know which systems must be restored first and what recovery objectives you must meet.
Supporting exact extracts:
The All-in-One CS0-003 guide explains that the foundation is identifying critical systems and determining tolerable outage time (used to prioritize restoration):
Exact extract (All-in-One Exam Guide): "The key is to determine which of the organization's critical systems are needed for survival and then estimate the outage time that can be tolerated by the organization..." It then connects those determinations directly to prioritization:
Exact extract (All-in-One Exam Guide): "These estimates will help you determine how to prioritize response team efforts to restore these assets." The Secbay Press CS0-003 guide lays out the early BIA/risk identification steps in order, starting with identifying what's critical before recovery priorities:
Exact extract (Secbay Press): "1. Identify critical processes and resources
2. Identify outage impacts and estimate downtime
3. Identify resource requirements
4. Identify recovery priorities"
Why the other options are not the first step:
A / C (vendor selection / vendor agreements): those come after requirements are defined (RTO/MTD, criticality, order of restoration).
D (define geographic area): location considerations are important, but they are driven by requirements and constraints discovered during BIA/continuity prioritization (what needs to be recovered, how fast, and with what dependencies).
Reference (CompTIA CySA+ CS0-003 documents / study guides used):
Mya Heath et al., CompTIA CySA+ All-in-One Exam Guide (CS0-003): determine critical systems and tolerable outage time; used to prioritize restoration
NEW QUESTION # 20
A systems administrator is concerned after reviewing the results of a vulnerability scan:
Which of the following mitigation strategies best addresses the risk?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Compensating controls reduce risk when a vulnerability cannot be immediately remediated, such as when a patch is unavailable or cannot be applied, by implementing alternative safeguards to mitigate exposure.
NEW QUESTION # 21
An employee received a phishing email that contained malware targeting the company. Which of the following is the best way for a security analyst to get more details about the malware and avoid disclosing information?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation:To safely analyze malware while avoiding unintended disclosure of company information, it is best to use a local sandbox in a microsegmented environment. Here's why:
* A. Upload the malware to the VirusTotal website
* Risk: VirusTotal and similar services are public and may share uploaded files with other security vendors, potentially exposing proprietary or sensitive information.
* B. Share the malware with the EDR provider
* Limitation: While EDR providers may offer insight, sharing potentially sensitive malware samples externally still introduces risk of disclosure or data leaks.
* C. Hire an external consultant to perform the analysis
* Cost and Risk: Hiring an external consultant can be costly and may introduce risks related to third-party handling of sensitive data. Although it may provide insights, this is typically not the most efficient initial response.
* D. Use a local sandbox in a microsegmented environment
* Explanation: A local sandbox provides a secure, isolated environment for malware analysis without exposing sensitive data outside the organization. Microsegmentation enhances security by further isolating the sandbox from the network, preventing lateral movement if the malware attempts to communicate externally.
NEW QUESTION # 22
An organization's website was maliciously altered.
INSTRUCTIONS
Review information in each tab to select the source IP the analyst should be concerned about, the indicator of compromise, and the two appropriate corrective actions.
Answer:
Explanation:
see the explanation for step by step solution.
Explanation:
Step 1: Analyzing the SFTP Log
The SFTP log provides a record of file transfer and login activities:
* User "sjames" logged in from several IP addresses:
* 192.168.10.32 and 192.168.10.37 (internal network IPs)
* 32.111.16.37 and 41.21.18.102 (external IPs)
* We see file alterations in the /var/www directory, which is commonly the web directory.
* Modified files: about_us.html, index.html
* Suspicious activity:
* 192.168.11.102 and 41.21.18.102 modified the files.
* 32.111.16.37 had failed login attempts, indicating possible unauthorized access attempts.
The most suspicious IP here is 41.21.18.102, as it's associated with direct file modifications, possibly indicating unauthorized access.
Step 2: Reviewing Netstat
The netstat output shows active connections and their states:
* IP 41.21.18.102 has an ESTABLISHED connection with port 22, commonly used for SFTP.
* IP 32.111.16.37 is also attempting connections, and 32.111.16.37 connections are in a TIME_WAIT state, showing prior connections were recently closed.
The netstat output reaffirms 41.21.18.102 is actively connected and potentially involved in malicious activities.
Step 3: Checking the HTTP Access Log
The HTTP Access log shows access to about_us.html:
* 32.111.16.37 repeatedly accessed /about_us.html with 404 errors, indicating attempts to reach non- existing pages.
* 41.21.18.102 accessed the 200 status code, showing successful page requests, but since this IP was modifying files directly on the server, it might be testing or verifying changes.
Again, 41.21.18.102 stands out as it matches both successful file modification and page request patterns, while 32.111.16.37 shows unsuccessful attempts.
Step 4: Selecting the IP of Concern
Based on the above analysis:
* answer: 41.21.18.102 should be the IP of concern due to its direct file modifications on critical web files (about_us.html, index.html).
Step 5: Identifying the Indicator of Compromise
Potential indicators include unauthorized file modifications:
* Modified index.html file is the correct answer, as it indicates direct changes to website content and is often a clear sign of compromise.
Step 6: Selecting Corrective Actions
To mitigate and prevent further compromise:
* Change the password on the "sjames" account: The account was used across various IPs, indicating potential account compromise.
* Block external SFTP access: Restricting SFTP to internal IPs only would prevent unauthorized external modifications. Since 41.21.18.102 was external, this would stop similar threats.
Summary
* IP of Concern: 41.21.18.102
* Indicator of Compromise: Modified index.html file
* Corrective Actions:
* Change the password on the sjames account
* Block external SFTP access
These selections address both the immediate security breach and implement a preventative measure against future unauthorized access.
NEW QUESTION # 23
Which of the following threat-hunting concepts is most concerned with identifying the behaviors of the bad actor?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The threat-hunting concept most concerned with identifying the behaviors of the bad actor is Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTPs). TTPs refer directly to how adversaries operate- their overall strategies (tactics), the ways they execute attacks (techniques), and their step-by- step actions (procedures). TTPs provide deep insight into attacker behaviors, which are used to recognize, categorize, and defend against threat actor activities in an environment.
NEW QUESTION # 24
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