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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: SR Linux Architecture and Fundamentals | - Configuration and operational models - SR Linux system architecture and components - Network operating system concepts and containerized routing functions |
| Topic 2: BGP and Routing in Data Center Environments | - BGP EVPN address families - Route reflection and scaling design - Interoperability between routing domains |
| Topic 3: Data Center Interconnect (DCI) | - Redundancy and high availability strategies - L2 and L3 DCI design patterns - EVPN-based interconnect solutions |
| Topic 4: Operations, Troubleshooting and Best Practices | - Network optimization and scaling considerations - Monitoring SR Linux and EVPN environments - Troubleshooting BGP EVPN and VXLAN issues |
| Topic 5: EVPN and VXLAN Data Center Fabric | - EVPN control plane fundamentals - VXLAN data plane and encapsulation - EVPN route types and MAC/IP advertisement |
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質問 # 16
Which of the following statements about MAC mobility is TRUE?
正解:A
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
MAC mobility is the EVPN mechanism used when a host MAC moves from one PE to another. The control plane uses a MAC Mobility extended community and sequence number behavior to determine the most recent valid location for the MAC. When a PE locally learns a MAC that was previously learned through EVPN, it advertises the MAC with an incremented sequence number, allowing remote PEs to prefer the newer location. Therefore, option B is wrong because the sequence number is not decremented. Option A is also wrong because the original PE does not advertise the locally learned MAC with a maximum sequence value as a normal mobility procedure. Option D is inaccurate because PEs do not need direct MAC table synchronization; they rely on EVPN control-plane advertisements and withdrawals. The true statement is option C: the originating PE generates a withdraw message after the same locally learned MAC ages out. This withdrawal removes stale reachability from remote PEs and prevents continued forwarding toward a PE that no longer has the host locally attached. Reference: EVPN MAC mobility, sequence-number handling, MAC route withdrawal after aging.
質問 # 17
When providing L3 multi-homing on two or more leaf routers, which of the following is FALSE?
正解:A
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Layer 3 multi-homing is fundamentally about redundant or load-balanced L3 reachability for external prefixes, not about Layer 2 broadcast-domain flooding toward a host. In single-active L3 multi-homing, DF election determines which attached leaf is active for the Ethernet Segment, and only that leaf advertises or forwards for the attached customer route as required by the redundancy model. In all-active L3 multi-homing, multiple leaf routers can be valid next-hops for the same learned third-party prefix, and remote PEs may load-balance toward them based on the Ethernet Segment association. Learned external prefixes are carried as EVPN route type 5 IP Prefix routes, which is the correct route type for L3 reachability. The Ethernet Segment is associated with the next-hop for those prefixes so that remote PEs understand the multi-homed nature of the path. Option B is false because BUM forwarding is a Layer 2 EVPN concern. In an all-active L3 multi-homing scenario, DF election is not used to identify a BUM-forwarding leaf for host traffic in the same way it is used in Layer 2 multi-homing services. Reference: L3 EVPN multi-homing, RT-5 prefix routes, ES next-hop behavior.
質問 # 18
Which of the following statements about utilizing asymmetric routing in an L3 EVPN network is FALSE?
正解:A
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Asymmetric routing relies heavily on host MAC/IP information because the ingress PE performs routing into the destination subnet and then sends the frame across the overlay using the destination MAC-VRF/VNI. This means PEs require enough ARP and MAC/IP binding information to forward traffic toward remote hosts correctly. If a host has multiple IP addresses on the same interface, separate EVPN route type 2 advertisements may be needed to communicate each IP-to-MAC binding. The ingress and egress PEs participate in MAC and IP forwarding across the end-to-end service path, but the forwarding responsibilities differ by direction and stage. The false statement is option C. The statement says all MAC-VRFs connected to the L3 EVPN network must exist on each PE, but that is not the correct requirement in this question's verified answer set. In practical EVPN designs, the exact MAC-VRF placement depends on whether the service is implemented as asymmetric, symmetric, interface-less, or interface-ful routing. Here, the course answer marks the universal MAC-VRF requirement as false. Reference: asymmetric L3 EVPN routing, RT-2 MAC/IP advertisements, ARP and MAC forwarding behavior.
質問 # 19
Which of the following statements about utilizing VXLAN for the data plane in the data center is FALSE?
正解:B
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
VXLAN provides a Layer 2 overlay over a Layer 3 underlay by encapsulating Ethernet frames in UDP/IP. This allows tenant bridge domains to span a routed IP fabric without requiring the underlay itself to behave like one large Layer 2 network. VXLAN uses a 24-bit VXLAN Network Identifier, which supports approximately 16 million logical overlays, far exceeding the scale of traditional 12-bit VLAN IDs. Because the VXLAN underlay is IP-routed, traffic can benefit from ECMP across equal-cost paths, improving fabric utilization and resiliency. The false statement is B. VXLAN was not originally developed specifically to support EVPN. VXLAN began as a data-plane overlay encapsulation technology, while EVPN later became the preferred control plane for distributing MAC, MAC/IP, multicast, and prefix reachability in VXLAN-based fabrics. In modern data center design, EVPN and VXLAN are commonly paired: VXLAN supplies the encapsulation and VNI-based segmentation, while EVPN supplies scalable control-plane learning and signaling. Reference: VXLAN data plane, EVPN control plane, ECMP underlay, VNI-based tenant isolation.
質問 # 20
Consider the exhibit.
Which of the following statements about the operation of all-active multi-homing is FALSE?
正解:B
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In an all-active Layer 2 EVPN multi-homing design, the host is normally dual-attached through a LAG to multiple leaf routers that share the same Ethernet Segment Identifier. Leaf1 and Leaf2 both participate in the Ethernet Segment and may receive traffic from the host. For BUM traffic sourced by the host, the host-side hashing can send frames toward either attached leaf. For BUM traffic sent from the EVPN overlay toward the multi-homed segment, DF election controls which PE forwards that replicated traffic toward the local Ethernet Segment to prevent duplicate delivery. The false statement is option B. A remote leaf such as Leaf3 does not simply enable ECMP on the MAC-VRF to load-balance traffic between Leaf1 and Leaf2. EVPN all-active forwarding uses Ethernet Segment discovery, Ethernet A-D routes, aliasing, and split-horizon procedures to determine valid next-hops and prevent loops. ECMP alone is an underlay or routing-table behavior; it is not the MAC-VRF mechanism that authorizes multi-homed L2 forwarding across an Ethernet Segment. Reference: all-active L2 EVPN multi-homing, Ethernet Segment association, DF election, aliasing.
質問 # 21
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