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| Certification Vendor: | CIPS (Chartered Institute of Procurement and Supply) |
|---|---|
| Exam Name: | Defining Business Needs |
| Exam Number: | L4M2 |
| Exam Format: | Multiple-choice questions, Objective response format |
| Real Exam Qty: | 55-65 |
| Exam Duration: | 90 minutes |
| Exam Price: | ยฃ199 / $250 USD |
| Passing Score: | 60% |
| Available Languages: | English |
| Certificate Validity Period: | 3 years |
| Related Certifications: | L4M7 Whole Life Asset Management L4M6 Supplier Relationships L4M3 Commercial Contracting L4M4 Ethical and Responsible Sourcing L4M1 Scope and Influence of Procurement and Supply L4M8 Procurement and Supply in Practice L4M5 Commercial Negotiation |
| Recommended Training: | L4M2 Defining Business Needs Study Guide Official CIPS Online Learning |
| Exam Registration: | CIPS Official Registration |
| Sample Questions: | CIPS L4M2 Sample Questions |
| Exam Way: | Computer-based; online remote proctored or in-person at authorised test centres |
| Pre Condition: | No mandatory prerequisites; recommended: relevant work experience or completion of Level 3 Certificate |
| Official Syllabus URL: | https://www.cips.org/qualifications/level-4-diploma/l4m2-defining-business-need/ |
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Preparing for the CIPS L4M2 certification exam requires a comprehensive understanding of business needs, procurement strategy, and stakeholder management. Candidates can prepare for the exam through various study materials such as textbooks, online courses, and practice exams. L4M2 exam consists of multiple-choice questions that test the candidate's understanding of procurement principles, best practices, and industry standards. Passing the CIPS L4M2 certification exam is a significant accomplishment for procurement professionals and can lead to career advancement opportunities.
The L4M2 Certification Exam is a crucial step in the career development of procurement and supply chain professionals. L4M2 exam covers a wide range of topics, including stakeholder management, market analysis, and supply chain mapping. By passing L4M2 exam, candidates can demonstrate their ability to effectively identify and define business needs, which is a critical skill in any procurement or supply chain role.
NEW QUESTION # 52
Dana is an automobile manufacturer. It has a new electrification strategy that aims at making eco-friendly electric pick-up trucks. To implement this strategy, the procurement department must source new categories of parts that make motors, sensors, solenoids and stators. He starts to analyse the market by identifying specific supply market segments for those parts and finding suppliers who have the best capabilities in those segment. He intends to segment the market based on specific features of the products. Which variable is used by Dana procurement manager to shape and manage supply market?
Answer: D
Explanation:
In sales and marketing, market segmentation is the process of trying to understand clusters of cus-tomers in terms of their buying behavior and their buying characteristics. There are some traditional segmentation approaches: geography, demography, types of industry and the benefits. Then there are newer segmentation approaches: behavioral, situational, and psychographic.
Procurement professionals can learn market segmentation from sales and marketing. Segmenting the market can help them to shape and manage the supply market effectively. According to Michael Porter, a market can be segment with array of products and buyers.
Source: Porter, Michael E.. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (p. 234). Free Press. Kindle Edition.
In the scenario, the products that Dana needs to source is distinct in their features. The best way is to segment the market by product varieties.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.1
NEW QUESTION # 53
Halfords is a major bicycle and car parts retailer with long history in the market. Its suppliers are plentiful and there is no threat of forward integration. Some other smaller retailers are applying 3D-printing technology to make personalized bicycle parts but their market share is relatively low. 3D-printing technology is an example of which competitive force?
Answer: C
Explanation:
3D-printed parts can replace traditional metal parts. They are also more easily customised to fit customer's needs. This technology is an example of threat of substitute in Porter's Five Forces model.
Substitute goods or services that can be used in place of a company's products or services pose a threat.
Companies that produce goods or services for which there are no close substitutes will have more power to increase prices and lock in favorable terms. When close substitutes are available, customers will have the option to forgo buying a company's product, and a company's power can be weakened.
NEW QUESTION # 54
Facing fiercer competition at home and abroad, IKEA, the leading furniture retailer, needs to im-prove its competitiveness. In order to do this, IKEA must decrease operating costs and improve quality of current and new retail stores. The company establishes a project team. The job of the team is to collect data on performance from multiple stores in several countries, then select the best performing one. The team will work closely with best performing store and study its processes. After the research, the team will recommend best practices to other retail stores. IKEA management can also apply these practices to new stores in the future. Which of the following correctly describe the process undertaken by IKEA project team?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Basically, IKEA project team is undertaking the following process:
This is a typical benchmarking process. Benchmarking is defined as the process of measuring products, services, and processes against those of organizations known to be leaders in one or more aspects of their operations. Benchmarking provides necessary insights to help you understand how your organization compares with similar organizations, even if they are in a different business or have a different group of customers.
In the scenario, benchmarking process is undertaken within subsidiaries of IKEA, thus it is internal.
Reference:
- CIPS study guide page 49-51
- What is Benchmarking? Technical & Competitive Benchmarking Process | ASQ
- Internal Benchmarking at IKEA
LO 1, AC 1.3
NEW QUESTION # 55
A procurement manager is requested to source a major component. She needs information on sup-pliers' direct and indirect cost, fixed and variable costs to prepare for negotiations. Therefore, she collects 17 annual reports from potential suppliers who are competing in the same industry. In order to estimate an approximate value of fixed and variable costs in that industry, which of the following technique should be adopted by the procurement manager?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Public annual reports can be a source of information that helps the procurement professional to analyse an industry's cost and revenue using the line of best fit. Line of best fit is one of the most important outputs of regression analysis. Regression refers to a quantitative measure of the relationship between one or more independent variables and a resulting dependent variable. Regression is of use to professionals in a wide range of fields from science and public service to financial analysis.
In this case, by collecting and analysing 17 annual reports, the procurement manager can find the line of best fit which goes approximately through the middle of the data points with an equal num-ber of data points above and below it.
The slope of the line of best fit is the approximate variable costs the industry. The easiest way to calculate it is to take a point at the right-hand end of the line of best fit and note its cost and output levels. Divide the cost by the output and this gives and approximate figure for the cost per unit of output or variable cost. This gives an approximate value for the industry fixed and variable costs.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.3
NEW QUESTION # 56
Due to the growth of consumer electronics market, semiconductor industry develops exponentially. However, the industry is dominated by a dozens of manufacturer. Chipset need to be built in factories with highly controlled environments. New chip factories cost billions of dollars and can take two years to build. Right now, factories are running at full capacity, which produce almost perfect yields, meaning basic chipset can be made for less than a dollar and more advanced versions for not much more. What are the barriers to new entrants in the semiconductor industry?
1. Poor industry growth
2. High set-up costs
3. Economies of scale
4. Low switching costs
Answer: B
Explanation:
Barriers to entry is an economics and business term describing factors that can prevent or impede newcomers into a market or industry sector, and so limit competition. The most obvious barriers to entry are high start-up costs and regulatory hurdles which include the need for new companies to obtain licenses or regulatory clearance before operation. Also, industries heavily regulated by the government are usually the most difficult to penetrate. Other forms of barrier to entry that prevent new competitors from easily entering a business sector include special tax benefits to existing firms, patent protections, strong brand identity, customer loyalty, and high customer switching costs.
In the scenario, the new factory for chipset manufacturing costs billions of dollars, which indicates high set-up costs. Also, the incumbent manufacturers have reached economies of scale, allowing them to produce the components at optimal price.
The above descriptions are compiled from recent reports on current chip shortage (2021).
Reference:
- Barriers to Entry Definition (investopedia.com)
- CIPS study guide page 96-97
LO 2, AC 2.2
NEW QUESTION # 57
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