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CIPS L4M4 認定試験の出題範囲：

トピック	出題範囲
トピック 1	Understand the key processes that can be applied to the analysis of potential external suppliers:
トピック 2	Understand options for sourcing requirements from suppliers: This section covers the sourcing process, approaches, options, and award criteria for obtaining requirements from suppliers. The sub-topics provide a foundation for strategic sourcing.
トピック 3	Understand compliance issues when sourcing from suppliers: It explores legislative, regulatory, and organizational requirements for sourcing. It compares the use of audit and other mechanism of feedback.
トピック 4	This section examines analyzing market data, obtaining quotations tenders, and assessing responses. The sub-topics focus on key processes for evaluating potential suppliers.

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CIPS Ethical and Responsible Sourcing 認定 L4M4 試験問題 (Q98-Q103):

質問 # 98
Why is it specifically important for public sector organisations to use a competitive tendering process?

A. To drive down costs of production
B. Value for money and transparency
C. To allow all organisations to tender
D. Increase competition in markets

正解：B

解説：
Public sector organisations are required to demonstratevalue for money, transparency, and fairnessin the use of public funds. Competitive tendering ensures procurement decisions are objective, auditable, and based on pre-defined criteria. While competition and market access are benefits, the primary obligation is to ensure taxpayer money is spent responsibly and ethically. Competitive tendering reduces the risk of corruption, bias, and inefficiency, supporting accountability to stakeholders and the public. Ethical and responsible sourcing in the public sector is therefore closely linked to transparent procurement processes and regulatory compliance.
Reference:CIPS L4M4 Ethical & Responsible Sourcing Study Guide (v2) - public sector procurement principles, transparency and value for money.

質問 # 99
Ramesh is a procurement manager who is looking at his supplier base. He is pursuing a sourcing strategy with the aim of enabling logistical cost reductions. He has made the decision to scale-down his supplier base and purchase from one supplier.
Which type of sourcing arrangement has Ramesh began?

A. single
B. dual
C. multiple
D. sole

正解：A

質問 # 100
What might a buyer encounter if the supplier's government has introduced a protectionist measure?

A. Carnets
B. Import duties
C. Inward processing relief
D. Arbitration

正解：B

解説：
Protectionist measures are designed to shield domestic industries from foreign competition. The most common form is import duties (tariffs), which raise the landed cost of goods entering the country. This creates a barrier to trade by making imports less competitive compared to local products. Arbitration is a dispute resolution method, not a trade barrier. Carnets are documents for temporary duty-free movement of goods, and inward processing relief is an exemption for goods imported for re-export. Responsible sourcing requires buyers to anticipate the cost and risk implications of protectionism when engaging in international supply.
Reference: CIPS L4M4 Study Guide (v2), LO: "Implications" - tariffs, duties, and trade barriers.

質問 # 101
Which of the following is considered as part of ESG?

A. market conditions and product lifecycle
B. economic and social governance
C. liquidity, gearing and profitability
D. bribery, corruption and the environment

正解：A

解説：
The correct answer is bribery, corruption and the environment.
ESG stands for environmental and social governance. It's the new buzzword for CIPS and is basically everything to do with ethical procurement- so areas such as bribery and corruption are included as well as the environment.
Option 4 is incorrect as economic doesn't come into it.

質問 # 102
Which models would be appropriate for analysis of the supply market?
* Porter's Five Forces
* Porter's Value Chain
* STEEPLED
* Ishikawa Fishbone

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 4 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only

正解：C

解説：
Supply market analysis involves identifying competitive pressures and external influences. Porter's Five Forces assesses supplier power, buyer power, threat of substitutes, new entrants, and rivalry - directly relevant to market dynamics. STEEPLED analysis considers external macro-environmental factors (social, technological, economic, environmental, political, legal, ethical, demographic). By contrast, Porter's Value Chain analyses internal activities of a single organisation, while the Ishikawa diagram is a root-cause tool for problem-solving, not market analysis. Using the correct tools ensures sourcing decisions account for risks and opportunities at both industry and macro levels.
Reference: CIPS L4M4 Study Guide (v2), LO: "Concepts" - market analysis tools, external environment scanning.

質問 # 103
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