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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Layer 2 Bridging and VLANs | 8-12% | - Service provider switching features - Bridging concepts - VLANs and trunking |
| Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) | 20-25% | - Policy and route filtering - IBGP and EBGP - Configuration and troubleshooting - Path selection and attributes - Basic operation and message types |
| IPv6 | 8-12% | - OSPFv3 and BGP for IPv6 - Autoconfiguration - Address types and format - Static and dynamic routing |
| Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) | 10-15% | - Metrics and wide metrics - PDUs and TLVs - Adjacencies and levels - Configuration and monitoring |
| Spanning Tree Protocols | 8-12% | - Configuration and convergence - STP, RSTP, MSTP, VSTP - Port roles and states - BPDU and protection features |
| Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) | 15-20% | - LSA types and operation - Areas and router types - Configuration and troubleshooting - Link-state database |
| Tunnels | 5-8% | - Tunnel configuration and usage - GRE and IP-IP tunnels |
| Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) | 12-18% | - Labels and LIB - Terminology and forwarding - Segment routing basics - LDP and RSVP - Configuration and monitoring |
| High Availability | 5-8% | - Graceful restart - Nonstop active routing - NSR and GRES concepts |
| Protocol-Independent Routing | 10-15% | - Routing instances and RIB groups - Martian addresses - Load balancing - Static, aggregate, and generated routes - Filter-based forwarding |
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NEW QUESTION # 114
Exhibit:
You have configured an MPLS LSP to 192.168.100.3. However, the LSP is in the down state. Referring to the exhibit, which two actions would solve this problem? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
In a Juniper Networks environment, establishing a functionalMultiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)Label- Switched Path (LSP) requires synchronized control plane operations. According to Juniper technical documentation, the most common reason for an LSP to remain in the "Down" state at the ingress router is a failure of theConstrained Shortest Path First (CSPF)algorithm during the path computation phase.
The provided exhibit for routerR1reveals a critical error in the show mpls lsp detail output: "CSPF: could not determine self". This specific error indicates that the CSPF process is unable to find its own local router ID within theTraffic Engineering Database (TED). For CSPF to build a valid TED, the underlying Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP), such as OSPF, must be configured to flood opaque link-state advertisements (Type
10 LSAs) that carry traffic engineering attributes. As seen in the OSPF configuration, traffic engineering is not enabled. Therefore, issuing theset protocols ospf traffic-engineeringcommand (Option D) will allow R1 to populate the TED with its own local information and that of its neighbors, enabling CSPF to calculate a valid path.
Alternatively, an administrator can choose to bypass the requirement for a TED entirely by disabling CSPF on the specific LSP. By issuing theset protocols mpls label-switched-path to-r3 no-cspfcommand (Option B), the router will stop attempting to perform a constrained path calculation. Instead, the signaling protocol (RSVP) will rely on the standardinet.0routing table to determine the hop-by-hop path to the egress destination (192.168.100.3), allowing the LSP to establish without traffic engineering constraints.
Regarding the other options, whilefamily mplsis required on all transit interfaces, the ingress loopback interface (lo0) generally does not require it for standard LSP signaling unless it's used as a transit hop.
Furthermore, adding a static route toinet.3(Option A) is used for next-hop resolution of BGP routes over LSPs but does not assist in the signaling or establishment of the LSP itself.
NEW QUESTION # 115
Which two events cause a static route to be removed from a routing table? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
In Junos OS, astatic routeis a manually configured entry in the routing table. Unlike dynamic routes, which have built-in timers and aging mechanisms, static routes are generally "permanent" as long as their conditions for validity are met.
1. Manual Removal (Option A):
Since static routes are explicitly defined by the administrator, the most direct way to remove one is through a configuration change. Using the delete routing-options static route <prefix> command followed by a commit will immediately remove the route from the Routing Information Base (RIB).
2. Next-Hop Reachability (Option B):
For a static route to be "active" and installed in the forwarding table, itsnext-hop must be reachable. If a static route points to a specific physical interface or an IP address on a local segment, and thatoutbound interface becomes unavailable(e.g., the link goes "Down"), the Junos kernel detects that the next-hop is no longer viable. Consequently, the route is marked as "hidden" or "inactive" and is removed from the active forwarding table to prevent traffic from being black-holed.
Why other options are incorrect:
* Aging (Option C):Static routes do not have an expiration timer based on traffic. Even if no packet is sent for years, the route remains as long as the interface is up.
* Remote Reachability (Option D):Standard static routes only track the status of the local interface or the immediate next-hop. They do not possess "end-to-end" visibility. If a host two hops away fails, the local router has no way of knowing this via the static route itself. To achieve this level of tracking, features likeRPM (Real-time Performance Monitoring)orBFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection)must be linked to the static route.
NEW QUESTION # 116
Referring to the exhibit, what does the configuration achieve on the ge-0/0/3 interface?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 117
How are routing loops prevented in internal BGP networks?
Answer: B
Explanation:
In iBGP, routes learned from one internal BGP neighbor are not advertised to other internal BGP neighbors. This rule prevents routing loops within the autonomous system and is the reason a full mesh or route reflection is required for proper route propagation in iBGP networks.
NEW QUESTION # 118
What is the correct order of BGP attributes for active route selection?
Answer: A
Explanation:
BGP selects the active route based on an ordered list of attributes. The correct order is:
Weight (Cisco proprietary, not listed in the options)
Local Preference
Network (route) originated from the BGP router itself
Shortest AS Path
Lowest Origin Type
Lowest MED
eBGP over iBGP paths
Closest IGP Neighbor
Lowest Router ID
The next hop is checked for reachability but is not part of the BGP decision process for selecting the best path.
NEW QUESTION # 119
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