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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Storage | 10% | - Understand Storage Classes and Persistent Volumes - Understand how to configure applications with persistent storage - Understand persistent volume claims primitive - Understand volume mode, access modes and reclaim policies |
| Topic 2: Cluster Architecture, Installation & Configuration | 25% | - Prepare underlying infrastructure for installing a Kubernetes cluster - Manage the lifecycle of Kubernetes clusters - Implement and configure a highly-available control plane - Manage role based access control (RBAC) - Understand CRDs, install and configure operators - Use Helm and Kustomize to install cluster components - Understand extension interfaces (CNI, CSI, CRI, etc.) - Create and manage Kubernetes clusters using kubeadm |
| Topic 3: Workloads & Scheduling | 15% | - Understand how to run multiple schedulers and configure scheduler policies - Understand Static Pods - Use ConfigMaps and Secrets to configure applications - Understand DaemonSets - Understand how scheduler works - Understand Deployments and rolling update/rollback - Use label selectors to schedule Pods - Understand resource limits and requests |
| Topic 4: Services & Networking | 20% | - Understand and use CoreDNS - Define and enforce Network Policies - Understand connectivity between Pods - Know how to use Ingress controllers and Ingress resources - Use the Gateway API to manage Ingress traffic - Use ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer service types and endpoints |
| Topic 5: Troubleshooting | 30% | - Troubleshoot application failure - Manage container stdout & stderr logs - Evaluate cluster and node logging - Troubleshoot networking - Understand how to monitor applications - Troubleshoot cluster component failure |
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NEW QUESTION # 15
Score:7%
Context
An existing Pod needs to be integrated into the Kubernetes built-in logging architecture (e. g. kubectl logs).
Adding a streaming sidecar container is a good and common way to accomplish this requirement.
Task
Add a sidecar container named sidecar, using the busybox Image, to the existing Pod big-corp-app. The new sidecar container has to run the following command:
/bin/sh -c tail -n+1 -f /va r/log/big-corp-app.log
Use a Volume, mounted at /var/log, to make the log file big-corp-app.log available to the sidecar container.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
Solution:
#
kubectl get pod big-corp-app -o yaml
#
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: big-corp-app
spec:
containers:
- name: big-corp-app
image: busybox
args:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- >
i=0;
while true;
do
echo "$(date) INFO $i" >> /var/log/big-corp-app.log;
i=$((i+1));
sleep 1;
done
volumeMounts:
- name: logs
mountPath: /var/log
- name: count-log-1
image: busybox
args: [/bin/sh, -c, 'tail -n+1 -f /var/log/big-corp-app.log']
volumeMounts:
- name: logs
mountPath: /var/log
volumes:
- name: logs
emptyDir: {
}
#
kubectl logs big-corp-app -c count-log-1
NEW QUESTION # 16
Create a configmap called myconfigmap with literal value
appname=myapp
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 17
Monitor the logs of pod foo and:
* Extract log lines corresponding unable-to-access-website
* Write them to/opt/KULM00201/foo
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
solution
NEW QUESTION # 18
You have a pod that uses a PersistentVolumeClaim for its storage. The pod is deleted, but the data on the volume is still present. Explain why the data is not deleted and how you can change this behavior.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
When a pod is deleted, the data on the volume is not automatically deleted by default. This is because the persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy' for the PersistentVolume is set to 'Retain' by default. This policy ensures that the volume is not deleted when the pod is deleted, preserving the data.
To delete the data when the pod is deleted, you need to modify the persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy' to 'Delete'. Here's how:
1. Update the PersistentVolume:
- Update the 'persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy' to 'Delete' in the PersistentVolume definition.
2. Apply the Changes: - Apply the updated PersistentVolume definition using 'kubectl apply -f my-pv.yaml'. Now, when the pod using this PersistentVolume is deleted, the volume and the data will also be deleted automatically.
NEW QUESTION # 19
Schedule a pod as follows:
Name: nginx-kusc00101
Image: nginx
Node selector: disk=ssd
Answer:
Explanation:
solution
NEW QUESTION # 20
......
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