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| Certification Vendor: | EC-Council |
|---|---|
| Exam Name: | EC-Council Digital Forensics Essentials (DFE) |
| Exam Number: | 112-57 |
| Related Certifications: | EC-Council Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator (CHFI) EC-Council Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) |
| Available Languages: | English |
| Real Exam Qty: | 60 |
| Exam Duration: | 120 minutes |
| Exam Format: | Multiple Choice |
| Certificate Validity Period: | 3 years |
| Passing Score: | 70% |
| Exam Price: | $250 (USD) |
| Sample Questions: | EC-COUNCIL 112-57 Sample Questions |
| Exam Way: | Online Proctored / Testing Center |
| Pre Condition: | No formal prerequisites; basic understanding of IT and networking recommended. Ideal for beginners in digital forensics. |
| Official Syllabus URL: | https://www.eccouncil.org/digital-forensics-essentials/ |
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NEW QUESTION # 71
Sandra, a hacker, targeted Johana, a software professional, to steal her banking details. She started sending frequent, random pop-up messages with malicious links to her social media page. Johana accidentally clicked on a link, causing a malicious program to get installed in her system. Subsequently, when Johana attempted to access her banking website, the URL redirected her to a malicious website controlled by Sandra. Johana entered her banking credentials on the fake website, which Sandra then captured.
Identify the type of attack performed by Sandra on Johana.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The scenario describes a victim beingredirected from a legitimate banking URL to a fraudulent websitewithout intending to visit it, after malware is installed on the system. This behavior is characteristic ofpharming, an attack in which an adversarycauses redirectionto a malicious destination even when the user types the correct address or clicks a legitimate bookmark. In digital forensics references, pharming is commonly achieved by manipulatingname resolution or routing mechanisms, such as altering the localhosts file, changingDNS server settings, poisoning DNS responses, modifying browser proxy settings, or installing malware that intercepts and rewrites web requests. The key forensic indicator is that the victim's request for the real domain is transparently diverted to attacker-controlled infrastructure, where credentials are harvested through a convincing spoofed login page.
The other options do not match the redirection-and-fake-site mechanism.Tailgatingis physical access abuse (following someone into a secure area).Dumpster divinginvolves retrieving sensitive information from discarded materials.Shoulder surfingis observing credentials by watching the victim type. Because the essential action here ismalicious redirection to a fake site to steal credentials, the correct answer isPharming (A).
NEW QUESTION # 72
Which of the following folders of macOS stores all the files, documents, applications, library folders, etc.
pertaining to a particular user?
Answer: C
Explanation:
In macOS, each user account is assigned aHome Directorythat serves as the primary container for that user's data and profile-specific configuration. This directory typically resides under/Users/<username>/and includes standard subfolders such asDesktop,Documents,Downloads,Pictures,Movies,Music, and crucially the user' sLibraryfolder (~/Library). From a digital forensics standpoint, the Home Directory is one of the most important evidence locations because it holds user-generated content and a large volume of user activity artifacts: application preferences and settings (plist files), browser data, caches, saved state, key application databases, recent items, and other per-user traces. Although some applications are installed system-wide under
/Applications, macOS also supports per-user application storage and extensive per-user data under the Home Directory's Library structure.
The other options are not user-data containers.Spotlightis a search/indexing service (it creates indexes, not a user's complete data store).Time Machineis a backup mechanism that stores versioned backups rather than the live per-user working directory.Finderis the graphical file manager, not a storage folder. Therefore, the folder that stores files and user-specific libraries for a particular user is theHome Directory (D).
NEW QUESTION # 73
Which of the following tools helps a forensics investigator develop and test across multiple operating systems in a virtual machine for Mac and allows access to Microsoft Office for Windows?
Answer: D
Explanation:
A common requirement in macOS-focused forensic labs is the ability to runmultiple operating systemson a single Mac for controlled testing, malware detonation in a sandbox, reproduction of user activity, and validation of artifacts across platforms. This is typically achieved throughdesktop virtualization, where a hypervisor hosts guest operating systems (such as Windows and various Linux distributions) inside virtual machines.Parallels Desktop 16is a Mac virtualization solution built specifically to run Windows on macOS with strong integration features (such as shared clipboard, folder sharing, and "coherence" modes that allow Windows applications to appear alongside Mac applications). This capability aligns with the question's description: developing and testing across multiple OSs in VMs on a Mac and enabling use ofMicrosoft Office for Windowswithin that Windows guest environment.
The other tools do not fit.Riverbed ModelerandNetSimare primarilynetwork modeling/simulationtools used for network design and training, not desktop virtualization.Camtasiais used forscreen recording and video editing, which can support documentation but does not provide a VM environment. Therefore, the only option that directly provides cross-OS virtual machines on macOS and supports running Windows applications like Microsoft Office isParallels Desktop 16 (B).
NEW QUESTION # 74
Philip, a forensic officer, was tasked with investigating a crime scene. In this process, he created bit-by-bit copies of the suspect drive and retrieved all the disk images using the dd command.
Which of the following data acquisition image formats is extracted by Philip in the above scenario?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The UNIX/Linuxddutility performs abit-by-bit (sector-by-sector) copyfrom an input device (such as a physical disk) to an output target (another device or a flat file). In digital forensics guidance, this type of output is known as araw (bitstream) imagebecause it captures the exact sequence of bytes from the source media without embedding structured case metadata, compression, or container features by default. The resulting file is often referred to as a "dd image" and may use extensions like.ddor.img, but the key point is theformat is raw: it represents a straightforward byte-for-byte representation of the original storage, including allocated data, unallocated space, slack space, and file system structures.
By contrast,AFFandAFF4are forensic container formats designed to store evidence data along with metadata (and often support features such as chunking, compression, and richer integrity structures). "Proprietary format" refers to vendor-specific containers (for example, formats created by certain commercial forensic tools) rather than the generic output produced by dd. Since Philip specifically usedddto create bit-by-bit disk images, the extracted acquisition image format isRaw Format (A).
NEW QUESTION # 75
Which of the following file systems is developed by Apple to support Mac OS in its proprietary Macintosh system and replace the Macintosh File System (MFS)?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Apple's original Macintosh computers initially usedMFS (Macintosh File System), which had important limitations, including a relatively flat directory model and constraints that became problematic as storage sizes and file organization needs grew. To address these limitations, Apple introducedHFS (Hierarchical File System)-explicitly designed to replace MFS and provide a truehierarchical directory structure(folders within folders), improved metadata handling, and better scalability for the Macintosh platform. From a digital forensics perspective, this historical transition matters because examiners may encounter legacy Macintosh media or disk images where understanding the file system family helps interpret catalog structures, allocation behavior, and metadata artifacts.
The other options do not fit the "replace MFS" requirement.NTFSis Microsoft's Windows file system.APFS (Apple File System)is Apple's modern file system introduced much later (primarily for SSDs, with features like snapshots and strong encryption support) and it replaced HFS+ in newer macOS versions-not MFS.
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)is a UNIX/Linux directory layout standard, not a Macintosh disk file system. Therefore, the Apple-developed file system that replaced MFS isHierarchical File System (HFS), which corresponds toOption D.
NEW QUESTION # 76
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