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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Threat Intelligence and Cyber Threat Analysis | - Attack techniques and frameworks
|
| Security Operations and SOC Fundamentals | - SOC operations principles
|
| Incident Detection and Response | - SIEM operations
|
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NEW QUESTION # 82
At a large healthcare organization, the Security Operations Center (SOC) detects a surge of failed login attempts on employee accounts, indicating a possible brute-force attack. To contain the threat, the team quickly takes action to prevent unauthorized access. However, they also need to implement a security measure that strengthens account protection beyond just stopping the current attack, reducing the risk of similar incidents in the future. During the Containment Phase, which action would best enhance long-term account security against brute-force attacks?
Answer: A
Explanation:
MFA is the most effective long-term control among the options because it directly reduces the attacker's ability to succeed even when passwords are guessed, reused, or stolen. Brute-force and credential stuffing attacks exploit the single-factor nature of passwords; MFA adds an additional verification factor (authenticator app prompt, FIDO2 key, certificate-based auth), making account takeover significantly harder.
From a containment standpoint, blocking IPs and enabling lockout can reduce immediate attack volume, but attackers commonly rotate IPs, use botnets, or target many accounts in parallel, which can also cause operational impact via account lockouts (denial of service against users). Cross-verifying false positives is important for accuracy, but it does not strengthen security. Notifying users can help awareness but is not a technical control. In SOC operations, the best practice is layered containment: immediate throttling/blocks and lockout tuning for the active attack, followed by durable hardening controls. MFA is the durable hardening step that meaningfully reduces future brute-force success rates and complements conditional access policies (geo/time/device risk) and stronger password protections.
NEW QUESTION # 83
Which of the following factors determine the choice of SIEM architecture?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The choice of SIEM architecture is influenced by several factors that impact how the SIEM system willcollect, manage, and analyze data. Among the options provided, Network Topology is the most relevant factor. It determines the layout of the network, including the arrangement of nodes and the connections between them, which directly affects how the SIEM system will be integrated into the environment. A well- designed network topology ensures that the SIEM system can efficiently collect and correlate data from across the network.
SMTP Configuration, DHCP Configuration, and DNS Configuration are related to specific services and protocols that may be monitored by a SIEM, but they do not determine the choice of SIEM architecture itself.
References: For further understanding, you can refer to the EC-Council's Certified SOC Analyst course material and study guides, which provide detailed insights into SIEM architectures and the factors influencing their selection. Additionally, resources like Exabeam's "SIEM Architecture: Technology, Process and Data" offer a comprehensive overview of SIEM systems and their components1.
NEW QUESTION # 84
Which of the log storage method arranges event logs in the form of a circularbuffer?
Answer: C
Explanation:
In the context of log storage, a circular buffer is a data structure that uses a single, fixed-size buffer as if it were connected end-to-end. This structure lends itself to bufferingstreams of data, where the data is written to the buffer and read from it in a potentially non-sequential manner. When the buffer is full, new data is written starting at the beginning of the buffer, and thus 'wraps' around. This is why the method is referred to as
'wrapping'. FIFO (First In, First Out) and LIFO (Last In, First Out) are queueing methods, and non-wrapping implies that the buffer does not overwrite existing data when full.
References: The answer can be verified through EC-Council's SOC Analyst study materials and official courseware, which detail various log storage methods and their characteristics. Additionally, the concept of a circular buffer is a well-known data structure in computer science, often discussed in the context of system design and memory management.
NEW QUESTION # 85
Which of the following attack can be eradicated by converting all non-alphanumeric characters to HTML character entities before displaying the user input in search engines and forums?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Converting all non-alphanumeric characters to HTML character entities is a common defense against Cross- Site Scripting (XSS) attacks. Here's how it works:
* User Input Sanitization: When user input is received, the system converts characters like <, >, &, ', and " into their corresponding HTML entities (e.g., <, >, &, ', and ").
* Preventing Script Execution: By converting these characters, the system prevents potentially malicious scripts from being executed in the browser of anyone viewing the content.
* Maintaining Data Integrity: This process allows user-generated content to be displayed without altering the intended message while ensuring the content cannot harm other users or the system.
References:
EC-Council's Certified SOC Analyst (C|SA) course material covers various cybersecurity threats, including XSS attacks, and the methods used to mitigate them.
The study guides and resources provided by EC-Council for the SOC Analyst certification include detailed explanations of XSS attacks and the importance of sanitizing user input to prevent such vulnerabilities1234 Reference: https://ktflash.gitbooks.io/ceh_v9/content/125_countermeasures.html
NEW QUESTION # 86
If the SIEM generates the following four alerts at the same time:
I.Firewall blocking traffic from getting into the network alerts
II.SQL injection attempt alerts
III.Data deletion attempt alerts
IV.Brute-force attempt alerts
Which alert should be given least priority as per effective alert triaging?
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 87
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