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>> Latest 112-57 Dumps Questions <<
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NEW QUESTION # 51
A forensic investigator is collecting volatile data such as system information and network information present in the registries, cache, DLLs, and RAM of digital devices through its normal interface.
Identify the data acquisition method the investigator is performing.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The scenario describes the investigator collectingvolatileartifacts-specifically information inRAM, activeDLLs, system and network state, and transient data held incacheand similar runtime locations-through the device's normal interface while the system is running. In digital forensics documentation, this is the defining characteristic oflive acquisition(also called live response). Live acquisition is performed when the system remains powered on so that investigators can capture evidence that would be lost on shutdown, such as running processes, open network connections, logged-on sessions, loaded modules/DLLs, encryption keys, and portions of registry data that exist in memory or are actively changing.
By contrast,static acquisitionanddead acquisitionare conducted when the system is powered off (or the evidence drive is imaged outside the running OS), focusing primarily on persistent storage such as disk sectors and file system structures.Non-volatile data acquisitionrefers to collecting persistent data stored on media (e.g., files on disk), which does not match the emphasis on RAM and other volatile components in the question. Because the investigator is explicitly collecting volatile data from a running system via its normal interface, the correct method isLive acquisition (B).
NEW QUESTION # 52
Sam, a digital forensic expert, is working on a case related to file tampering in a system at the administrative department of an organization. In this process, Sam started performing the following steps to analyze the acquired data to draw conclusions related to the case.
1.Analyze the file content for data usage.
2.Analyze the date and time of file creation and modification.
3.Find the users associated with file creation, access, and file modification.
4.Determine the physical storage location of the file.
5.Generate a timeline.
6.Identify the root cause of the incident.
Identify the type of analysis performed by Sam in the above scenario.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The listed actions describe theexamination and interpretation of acquired evidence, which aligns withdata analysisin the digital forensics investigation process. After collection and acquisition, examiners analyze evidence by validating what the data contains (file content and usage), interpretingMAC times(creation
/modification and related timestamps), attributing actions tousers and accounts(who created, accessed, or modified the file), and determiningwhere the file resides physically/logicallyon storage (path, volume, clusters
/blocks, and whether it appears in allocated/unallocated areas). Generating atimelineis a core analytical task used to correlate file events with system activity and other artifacts to reconstruct sequence and intent. Finally,
"identify the root cause of the incident" represents the analytical conclusion derived from correlating artifacts and timeline events.
The other choices do not match the described work.Search and seizureis the legal/field activity of locating and securing evidence sources, not interpreting artifacts.Reportingis the documentation phase after analysis, where findings and methods are written up.Case analysisis broader and can include overall strategy and interpretation, but the question's focus is explicitly on analyzing acquired data and producing forensic conclusions, which isdata analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 53
Jack, a forensic investigator, was appointed by an organization to perform a security audit on a Linux system.
In this process, Jack collected information about the present status of the system and listed all the applications running on various ports to detect malicious programs.
Which of the following commands can help Jack determine any programs/processes associated with open ports?
Answer: D
Explanation:
On Linux, a key step in a forensic triage or security audit is mappingopen/listening portsto theowning processso investigators can identify suspicious services (backdoors, unauthorized daemons, rogue remote- access tools) and correlate them with binaries, users, startup mechanisms, and timestamps. The command netstat -tulpnis designed for exactly this purpose. In this switch set:-tlimits output to TCP sockets,-uincludes UDP sockets,-lshows only listening sockets (open ports awaiting connections),-pdisplays the owningprocess name and PID, and-nprevents name resolution by showing numeric IP addresses and ports (faster and avoids altering evidence via DNS queries). This combination yields a concise list of active listening ports and the processes bound to them, which is highly valuable for detecting unexpected services and attributing network exposure to a specific executable.
The other options do not provide process-to-port attribution:netstat -ishows interface statistics,ip rshows the routing table, andnetstat -rndisplays the routing table in numeric form. Therefore, the correct command is netstat -tulpn(D).
NEW QUESTION # 54
Bob, a professional hacker, targeted an organization to launch attacks. Bob gathered information such as network topology and a list of live hosts. Based on the collected information, he launched further attacks over the organization's network.
Identify the type of network attack Bob initiated on the target organization in the above scenario.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The activity described-collectingnetwork topologydetails and compiling alist of live hosts-matches the reconnaissance phase commonly referred to asenumeration. In digital forensics and incident response documentation, enumeration is the systematic process of discovering and extracting information about a target environment to support later exploitation. It typically follows (or overlaps with) scanning and includes identifying active IP addresses, reachable systems, open ports/services, device roles, OS fingerprints, domain information, shared resources, user/group details, and routing or segmentation clues that reveal how the network is structured.
This information is then used to plan "further attacks," such as targeting exposed services, choosing exploit paths, locating high-value systems, and selecting lateral movement routes. From a forensic standpoint, enumeration attempts often leave traces in firewall logs, IDS alerts, and endpoint artifacts (e.g., bursts of connection attempts across many hosts/ports, ICMP echo sweeps, ARP discovery on local segments, and repeated DNS queries).
The other options do not fit:data modificationinvolves altering data integrity;session hijackingtargets active sessions/tokens; andbuffer overflowis an exploitation technique against vulnerable software, not the information-gathering step described. Therefore, the correct answer isEnumeration (B)
NEW QUESTION # 55
Alice and John are close college friends. Alice frequently sends emails to John attaching her pics with friends.
One day, Alice sent an email to John describing all the details related to the final year project without specifying the actual purpose. John missed the message as he frequently receives emails from her and did not arrive for a project seminar.
Which of the following email fields could Alice have used in the above scenario to highlight the importance of the email?
Answer: B
Explanation:
TheSubjectfield is the primary email header element used to communicate thepurpose and urgencyof a message at a glance. Digital forensics training emphasizes that email messages consist ofheaders(routing and descriptive metadata) and abody(content). Among user-visible header fields, the Subject line is specifically intended to summarize what the email is about, helping recipients prioritize and correctly interpret the message without opening it. In the scenario, John routinely receives casual emails from Alice (often with pictures). When Alice sent a project-related email "without specifying the actual purpose," John treated it like routine mail and overlooked its significance. A clear, descriptive subject such as "Final Year Project Seminar
- Attendance Required" would have flagged the message as time-sensitive and different from her usual emails, reducing the chance it would be missed.
The other options do not serve this purpose.Dateis automatically assigned and mainly supports ordering and timeline reconstruction rather than highlighting importance.CcandBcccontrol who receives copies and can affect visibility or secrecy, but they do not summarize intent for the recipient. Therefore, the field best suited to highlight importance isSubject (A).
NEW QUESTION # 56
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